THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


' 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

FROM    THE    ORIGINAL    PAINTING    BY    COPLEY 
IN    THE    NEW    YORK     HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


THE  LIFE  AND  WORKS  of 
JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 


FOUNDED  ON  THE   WORK 

OF 
AUGUSTUS  THORNDIKE   PERKINS 


By 

FRANK  W.  BAYLEY 

OF 

COPLEY  GALLERY 
BOSTON,  MASS. 


BOSTON 

THE  TAYLOR  PRESS 
T9I5 


College 

Library 


Preface 

The  author  of  this  memoir  is  an  admirer  of  the 
work  of  John  Singleton  Copley  and  has  for  many 
years  been  familiar  with  his  pictures.  In  the  collec- 
tion of  the  data,  the  basis  of  effort  was  the  admirable 
work  performed  by  the  late  Augustus  Thorndike 
Perkins  and  published  privately  by  him  in  1873,  and 
the  author  freely  admits  that  his  compilation  of 
Copley's  pictures  has  only  been  made  possible  by 
Mr.  Perkins*  efforts.  The  author  desires  to  acknowl- 
edge his  indebtedness  to  Mr.  Frederic  Amory,  Mrs.  W. 
Austin  Wadsworth,  Mr.  Lawrence  Park,  Mr.  Wor- 
thington  C.  Ford,  Mr.  Harcourt  Amory,  Mr.  Charles 
Henry  Hart,  Lord  Aberdare,  and  the  many  owners 
of  Copley  portraits  who  have  allowed  him  to  see  them 
and  who  have  assisted  in  correctly  recording  them. 


1265600 


John  Singleton  Copley 

John  Singleton  Copley  was  the  son  of  Richard 
Copley  of  County  Limerick,  Ireland,  and  Mary 
Singleton  of  County  Clare,  Ireland,  descending  from 
the  Lancashire  family  of  that  name.  Richard  and 
his  wife  arrived  in  Boston  in  1736  and  the  future 
artist  was  born  July  3,  1737,  the  father  dying  on  a 
trip  to  the  West  Indies  soon  after  John  was  born. 
There  is  no  evidence  that  Copley  received  any  other 
education  than  that  afforded  by  the  primitive  schools 
of  the  time  supplemented  by  the  family  tuition.  In 
1748,  according  to  the  records  of  Trinity  Church, 
Boston,  Mrs.  Copley  was  married  to  Peter  Pelham 
who  was,  considering  the  period,  a  man  of  fair  educa- 
tion, a  passable  painter,  a  good  engraver,  besides 
being  a  surveyor  and  mathematician.  As  young 
Copley  was  but  eleven  years  old  at  the  time  of  his 
mother's  marriage  to  Pelham  it  is  fair  to  assume  that 
Pelham  taught  his  stepson  the  rudiments  of  his  art. 
An  engraving  of  William  Welsteed,  dated  1753,  by 
Copley  indicates  that  he  studied  with  his  stepfather. 
At  the  time  of  his  marriage  to  Mrs.  Copley,  Peter 
Pelham  was  a  widower  with  three  sons,  Peter,  Charles 
and  William.  By  the  second  wife  he  had  Henry, 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 


whose  portrait  by  Copley,  known  as  the  "Boy  with 
the  Squirrel"  has  become  so  familiar.  When  but 
fifteen  years  old  Copley  painted  a  portrait  of  his  step- 
brother Charles  and  when  sixteen  he  painted  the 
portrait  of  Rev.  William  Welsteed.  A  portrait  of 
himself  as  a  boy  represents  a  lad  of  perhaps  eighteen 
with  a  broken  straw  hat  on  as  mentioned  by  "Tuck- 
erman."  In  1754  he  painted  the  picture  of  "Mars, 
Venus  and  Vulcan,"  which  is  signed  and  dated.  These 
early  and  crude  examples  are  of  no  artistic  value 
and  are  only  to  be  regarded  as  the  genesis  of  greater 
things.  It  is  now  known  that  Copley  never  painted 
Washington;  the  miniature  attributed  to  him  is  by 
some  other  hand  and  the  author  of  this  list  has, 
therefore,  omitted  it  from  the  compilation.  Several 
pictures  enumerated  by  the  compilers  of  previous 
lists  of  Copley's  work,  better  information  have  shown 
to  be  by  other  painters  and  have  been  omitted. 

Blackburn  and  Smybert  painted  in  Boston  and 
if  Copley  did  not  receive  the  benefit  of  their  instruc- 
tion he  saw  their  pictures.  Smybert  certainly  was  no 
mean  artist  and  brought  to  this  country  casts,  draw- 
ings, prints,  and  many  copies  from  old  masters.  Cop- 
ley was  fourteen  years  of  age  at  the  time  of  Smy- 
bert's  death  in  1751  and  he  must  have  derived  great 
benefit  from  seeing  the  copies  made  by  Smybert. 
The  lack  of  early  advantages  appears  chiefly  in 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 


Copley's  coloring.  The  picture  of  the  "Boy  and  the 
Squirrel,"  however,  is  remarkable  for  transparency 
and  richness  of  hue.  It  is  an  interesting  coincidence 
that  West  and  Copley  were,  unknown  to  each  other, 
studying  the  rudiments  of  their  art,  the  one  in  Penn- 
sylvania and  the  other  in  Massachusetts,  and  both 
destined  to  achieve  eminent  success  together. 

Mr.  Trumbull  says  that  while  he  was  a  student  at 
Harvard  College  he  visited  Copley,  who  was  dressed 
on  the  occasion  in  a  suit  of  crimson  velvet  with  gold 
buttons,  and  the  elegance  displayed  by  Copley  in 
his  style  of  living,  added  to  his  high  repute  as  an 
artist,  made  a  permanent  impression  on  Trumbull  in 
favor  of  the  life  of  an  artist. 

Copley  made  rapid  progress  as  a  portrait  painter 
and  commanded  early  in  his  professional  career  the 
time  and  purses  of  the  well-to-do  in  Boston  and  New 
England.  It  is  evidenced  not  only  in  the  prolific 
record  of  his  work  but  by  the  fact  that  as  early  as 
1768  Charles  Wilson  Peale  sought  his  instruction 
and  John  Trumbull  later  desired  to  become  a  pupil. 
Copley  writes  to  Thomas  Ainslie  under  date  of  Bos- 
ton, February  25,  1765,  "I  have  a  large  room  full  of 
pictures  unfinished  which  would  engage  me  these 
twelve  months." 

Copley  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Society  of 
Artists  of  Great  Britain,  September  3,  1766,  accord- 
ing to  the  following  copy  of  a  letter. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 


Sir 

"I  am  directed  to  acquaint  you  that  on  the  second 
of  September  you  were  elected  a  Fellow  of  the 
Society  of  Artists  of  Great  Britain.  Your  attendance 
is  therefore  desired  at  the  Turks  Head  Tavern  in 
Gerrard  Street,  Soho,  on  Monday  the  sixth  of  Octo 
next  at  six  o'clock  in  the  evening  in  order  to  be 
regularly  admitted. 

I  am  sire  your  very  humble  servt 

F.  M.  Newton  Secy" 
Sept.  3,  1766 

This  is  interesting  as  showing  the  esteem  in  which 
Copley  was  held  long  before  he  took  up  his  permanent 
residence  in  England. 

In  1767  Copley  sets  forth  his  feelings  in  a  letter 
to  Captain  Bruce,  a  gentleman  who  seems  to  have 
been  an  admirer  of  the  works  of  Copley.  "I  would 
gladly  exchange  my  situation  for  the  serene  climate 
of  Italy,  or  even  that  of  England;  but  what  would  be 
the  advantage  of  seeking  improvement  at  such  an 
outlay  of  time  and  money.  I  am  now  in  as  good 
business  as  the  poverty  of  this  place  will  admit.  I 
make  as  much  as  if  I  were  a  Raphael  or  a  Correggio; 
and  three  hundred  guineas  a  year,  my  present  in- 
come, is  equal  to  nine  hundred  a  year  in  London. 
With  regard  to  reputation,  you  are  sensible  that  fame 


cannot  be  durable  where  pictures  are  confined  to 
sitting  rooms,  and  regarded  only  for  the  resemblance 
they  bear  to  their  originals.  Were  I  sure  of  doing  as 
well  in  Europe  as  here,  I  would  not  hesitate  a  moment 
in  my  choice;  but  I  might  in  the  experiment  waste  a 
thousand  pounds  and  two  years  of  my  time,  and  have 
to  return  baffled  to  America.  Then  I  should  have 
to  take  my  mother  with  me,  who  is  ailing;  she  does 
not,  however,  seem  averse  to  cross  the  salt  water 
once  more;  but  my  failure  would  oblige  me  to 
recross  the  sea  again.  My  ambition  whispers  me 
to  run  this  risk;  and  I  think  the  time  draws  nigh 
that  must  determine  my  future  fortune."  In  some- 
thing of  the  same  strain  and  nearly  at  the  same  time 
Copley  wrote  to  West.  "You  will  see  by  the  two 
pictures  I  have  lately  sent  to  your  Exhibition,  what 
improvement  I  may  still  make,  and  what  encourage- 
ment I  may  reasonably  expect.  I  must  beg,  how- 
ever, that  you  will  not  suffer  your  benevolent  wishes 
for  my  welfare  to  induce  you  to  think  more  favourably 
of  my  works  than  they  deserve.  To  give  you  a 
further  opportunity  of  judging,  I  shall  send  over 
to  your  care  for  the  Exhibition  the  portrait  of  a 
gentleman,  now  nearly  finished;  the  owner  will  be 
in  London  at  the  same  time.  If  your  answer  should 
be  in  favour  of  my  visit  to  Europe,  I  must  beg  of  you 
to  send  it  as  soon  as  you  can,  otherwise  I  must  abide 


io  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

here  another  year,  when  my  mother  might  be  so 
infirm  as  to  be  unable  to  accompany  me;  and  I 
cannot  think  of  leaving  her.  Your  friendly  invita- 
tion to  your  house,  and  your  offer  to  propose  me  as  a 
member  of  the  Society,  are  matters  which  I  shall  long 
remember." 

What  the  answers  of  Bruce  and  West  were,  I  have 
not  been  able  to  learn;  but  it  is  to  be  supposed  they 
still  left  it  a  matter  of  uncertainty,  whether  it  would 
be  more  profitable  to  go  to  London  or  remain  in 
Boston.  Seven  years  elapsed  from  this  time  till  he 
finally  set  sail  for  Italy.  Copley  was  busy  extending 
his  fame  with  his  pencil,  and  hoarding  his  earnings 
for  the  outlay  of  travel  and  study.  He  had,  as  he 
acknowledged  to  West,  as  many  commissions  in 
Boston  as  he  could  execute.  The  price  for  his  half 
lengths  was  fourteen  guineas;  he  also  executed  many 
likenesses  in  crayons. 

In  1769  Copley  married  Susannah  Farnum,  daugh- 
ter of  Richard  Clarke,  a  wealthy  merchant  of  Boston, 
and  agent  of  the  East  India  Company.  We  con- 
stantly meet  her  familiar  lineaments  in  Copley's 
works.  Mary  in  "The  Nativity,"  again  in  "The 
Family  Picture,"  and  in  the  "Venus  and  Cupid," 
or  in  the  female  group  in  "The  Death  of  Major 
Pierson." 

In  1771  Copley  wrote  that  he  was  earning  a  com- 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  u 

fortable  income.  At  this  time  he  moved  in  the  best 
society,  where  his  courtly  manners  and  genial  dis- 
position made  him  a  general  favorite.  He  was  now 
approaching  the  crucial  period  of  his  life.  He  saw 
the  approaching  storm  that  was  soon  to  break  and 
deluge  his  country  in  blood.  He  was  peculiarly 
situated  and  in  a  trying  position.  It  is  said  that  his 
sympathies  were  at  first  with  the  Revolutionists, 
and  he  acted  as  an  intermediary  between  them  and 
his  father-in-law,  Richard  Clarke,  to  whom  the  tea 
was  consigned,  but  when  the  infuriated  mob  de- 
stroyed the  tea  and  attacked  the  warehouse  and 
residence  of  Mr.  Clarke,  forcing  him  to  flee  for  his 
life,  Copley  could  no  longer  tolerate  mob  rule.  His 
case  was  like  that  of  many  others  of  whom  it  is  said 
"persecution  made  half  of  the  king's  friends."  These 
outrages  occurred  in  December,  1773.  Less  than 
two  years  afterward  he  wrote  to  his  wife,  from  Italy, 
July,  1775:  "You  know  years  ago  I  was  right  in  my 
opinion  that  this  would  be  the  result  of  the  attempt 
to  tax  the  colony;  it  is  now  my  settled  conviction 
that  all  the  power  of  Great  Britain  will  not  reduce 
them  to  obedience.  Unhappy  and  miserable  people, 
once  the  happiest,  now  the  most  wretched.  How 
warmly  I  expostulated  with  some  of  the  violent 
'Sons  of  Liberty'  against  their  proceedings,  they 
must  remember;  and  with  how  little  judgement,  in 


12  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

their  opinion,  did  I  then  seem  to  speak !  But  all  this 
is  past;  the  day  of  tribulation  is  come,  and  years  of 
sorrow  will  not  dry  the  orphan's  tears  nor  stop  the 
widow's  lamentations,  the  ground  will  be  deluged 
in  the  blood  of  its  inhabitants  before  peace  will  again 
assume  its  dominion  in  that  country." 

Copley  commenced  in  1769  to  acquire  property 
on  Beacon  Hill  and  gradually  added  to  his  holdings. 

"In  1773,"  says  the  late  eminent  conveyancer, 
Nathaniel  Ingersoll  Bowditch,  "Copley  owned  all  the 
land  bounded  on  the  west  by  the  Charles  River, 
thence  by  Beacon  Street  to  Walnut  Street,  thence  by 
Walnut  Street  to  Mt.  Vernon  Street,  thence  by  Mt. 
Vernon  Street  to  Louisburg  Square,  thence  by  Louis- 
burg  Square  to  Pinckney  Street,  thence  by  Pinckney 
Street  to  the  water;  containing  about  eleven  acres 
of  land." 

His  stepbrother,  Henry  Pelham,  looked  after  the 
property  for  him  during  the  occupation  of  Boston 
by  the  British  and,  after  the  close  of  the  war  and  the 
restoration  of  peace,  the  big  estate  at  the  head  of  the 
Common  began  to  be  really  valuable.  Especially 
did  the  waste  land  of  the  western  slope  of  Beacon 
Hill  become  an  object  of  interest  to  the  speculators 
of  that  day  when  it  was  whispered  about  that  the 
new  state  house  would  be  located  on  the  summit  of 
the  hill,  and  near  the  Beacon  monument. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  13 

At  the  eastern  corner  of  Beacon  and  Walnut  Streets 
lived  Dr.  Benjamin  Joy,  an  old  Boston  practitioner 
and  shrewd  man  of  affairs,  who  at  once  saw  the 
value  of  the  Copley  tract. 

He  enlisted  the  services  of  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  a 
local  lawyer,  then  of  much  repute,  and  Jonathan 
Mason,  Jr.,  to  secure  the  Copley  estate,  and  whatever 
additional  acreage  in  the  vicinity  could  be  obtained. 
Dr.  Joy,  after  the  land  had  been  bought,  would  take 
his  share. 

In  some  way  General  William  Hull,  then  a  success- 
ful lawyer,  was  brought  into  the  matter,  as  was  also, 
as  an  investor,  James  Swan,  a  Boston  merchant,  who 
resided  abroad.  It  was  through  the  efforts  of 
General  Hull  that  Copley  gave  a  bond  for  the  deed 
and  received  as  part  compensation  for  his  property 
the  sum  of  one  thousand  pounds. 

Later  on,  however,  when  the  deed  reached  London, 
Copley  had  heard  of  the  projected  new  state  house 
and  he  refused  to  sign  the  deed.  The  artist  claimed 
that  neither  he  nor  his  agent  knew  of  the  contem- 
plated new  state  house  when  the  bond  was  executed, 
otherwise  he  would  not  have  parted  with  his  property 
so  readily.  Legal  complications  followed,  and  Copley 
was  forced  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  the 
original  contract  and  sign  away  all  ownership  in  the 
property.  He  sent  his  son,  John  Singleton  Copley, 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 


to  Boston  with  full  power  to  act  in  all  matters  that 
pertained  to  the  affair  in  hand.  On  reaching  Boston 
the  son  wrote  the  following  letter  to  his  father: 

"Boston,  Jan.  2,  1796. 

"I  have  an  opportunity  of  writing  only  one  half 
line  by  a  vessel  which  sails  almost  immediately,  to 
inform  you  of  my  safe  arrival  in  Boston  at  4  o'clock 
this  morning,  after  a  tempestuous  passage  of  more 
than  eight  weeks.  I  am  this  instant  going  to  Gen. 
Hull,  whom  I  saw  this  morning.  He  has  written  to 
you  upon  your  affairs  at  length.  Scott  has  made 
affidavit  that  no  such  verbal  transaction  as  you 
mentioned  ever  took  place. 

"The  business  cannot  come  on  till  May.  If  you 
can  make  yourself  a  subject  of  the  United  States 
you  are  clear.  If  otherwise,  I  am  not  yet  sufficiently 
informed  to  say  what  may  be  the  result  if  you  are 
decreed  an  alien;  but  take  courage.  I  cannot  say 
more  than  wish  my  most  affectionate  regards  to  my 
dear  mother  and  my  two  amiable  sisters,  and  add 
that  they  would  be  agreeably  disappointed  at  a  view 
of  Boston." 

The  young  attorney,  afterward  famed  in  England 
as  Baron  Lyndhurst,  lord  high  chancellor,  found  it 
no  easy  task  to  straighten  out  the  tangle  into  which 
the  affairs  of  the  Copley  land  investments  had  fallen, 
and  to  show  the  measure  of  success  he  reached  in 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  15 

the  adjustment  of  all  differences,  extracts  from  his 
own  account  should  be  quoted: 

"I  have,  my  dear  sir,"  he  writes  to  his  father  under 
date  of  February  27,  1796,  "concluded  my  nego- 
tiations with  Messrs.  Mason,  Otis,  etc.,  etc:  how 
you  will  be  affected  by  the  result,  whether  it  will  give 
you  dissatisfaction  or  pleasure,  I  cannot  determine. 

"But  had  your  ground  been  firmer  still  there  was 
no  hope  that  the  business  would  be  settled  within 
the  space  of  two  years  and  a  half.  After  much 
negotiation,  and  after  various  consultations  with 
your  counsel  and  with  Mr.  Rogers,  I  acceded,  in 
pursuance  to  their  advice,  to  the  following  terms: 
That  you  should  retain  the  £1000  received  from  Hull 
and  that  I  should  receive  on  your  account  an  addition 
of  3 OCX)  guineas,  deducting  the  amount  of  Phillips' 
mortgage. 

"They  also  indemnify  you  against  Hull,  which  will 
cost  them,  I  understand,  or  rather  I  know,  £220x5 
more.  I  do  not  believe  that  any  person  could  have 
obtained  from  them  one  shilling  more." 

Thus  the  dream  of  Copley's  life  after  he  left 
America  vanished.  The  "farm"  on  Boston  Common, 
to  which  he  was  so  warmly  attached,  had  slipped 
from  his  grasp,  and  his  last  aspiration  of  returning 
to  end  his  life  in  his  native  land,  among  congenial 
scenes,  of  course  melted  away  with  it. 


16  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

He  embarked  for  England  in  June,  1774,  six 
months  after  his  father-in-law  was  driven  out  of 
Boston  by  the  mob  and  one  year  before  the  conflict 
with  the  mother  country  commenced.  Leaving  his 
aged  mother,  his  favorite  brother,  his  wife  and 
children  behind  him,  he  went  to  prepare  a  place  of 
refuge  for  them  from  the  impending  storm.  Probably 
the  desire  to  visit  Europe  and  behold  the  work  of  the 
great  masters  of  the  art  he  loved  so  well  had  some- 
thing to  do  with  leaving  his  native  land,  to  which  he 
was  never  to  return.  After  travelling  and  studying 
two  years  on  the  Continent,  he  went  back  to  London 
and  was  soon  joined  by  his  family.  Then  began  a 
career  of  uninterrupted  success.  He  became  the 
fashion,  and  many  of  the  nobility  sat  to  him  as  did 
also  three  of  the  princesses,  daughters  of  George  III. 
Following  the  fashion  of  the  day  he  took  up  historical 
painting,  which  included  the  Death  of  Major  Pier- 
son  and  the  Death  of  Chatham,  both  now  in  the 
English  National  Gallery;  the  Siege  of  Gibraltar, 
now  in  the  Guild  Hall  of  London;  and  Charles  I 
demanding  in  the  House  of  Commons  the  surrender 
of  the  five  impeached  members,  which  now  hangs 
in  the  Boston  Public  Library.  "The  Death  of  Major 
Pierson"  in  repelling  the  attack  of  the  French  at 
St.  Helier's,  Jersey,  on  the  sixth  of  January,  1781, 
was  painted  in  1783  for  Alderman  Boydell  for  his 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  17 

gallery.  The  woman  flying  from  the  crowd  in  terror, 
with  the  child  in  her  arms,  was  painted  from  the 
nurse  of  Mr.  Copley's  family;  the  figure  between  her 
and  the  wall,  with  the  upraised  arm,  is  Mrs.  Copley; 
the  boy  running  by  the  nurse's  side  is  young  Copley. 
When  his  collection  was  dispersed  it  was  bought  back 
by  Copley,  and  remained  in  the  house  in  George  Street 
until  Lord  Lyndhurst's  death,  when  it  was  purchased 
for  the  National  Gallery  for  1500  guineas. 

By  this  time,  1783,  when  we  find  the  King  sanc- 
tioned his  election  as  an  Academician,  Copley's 
reputation  had  been  firmly  established  by  works  of 
great  merit  in  portraiture  and  historical  subjects. 
Chief  among  the  latter  is  the  "Death  of  Chatham." 
The  chief  excellence  of  the  picture  is  the  accurate 
delineation  of  the  large  number  of  portrait  heads. 
When  this  picture  was  first  shown,  praise  poured  in 
upon  the  artist.  "I  delight,"  said  Mather  Byles, 
"in  the  fame  you  have  acquired."  He  refused  1500 
guineas  for  the  picture  and  twenty-five  hundred 
engraved  copies  were  sold.  In  1784  Copley  showed 
the  "Youth  rescued  from  a  Shark"  and  the  "Death 
of  Major  Pierson."  During  all  this  period  Copley 
was  painting  portraits  and  indeed  from  this  time 
until  a  year  before  his  death  was  his  most  prolific 
period. 

His  last  work  was  the  "Resurrection." 


18  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Copley  died  at  his  residence  in  George  Street, 
London,  September  9th,  1815,  aged  seventy-eight, 
and  was  buried  in  the  tomb  belonging  to  Governor 
Hutchinson's  family  in  the  Parish  Church  at  Croy- 
den,  near  London. 

Copley's  portraits  are  among  the  few  memorials 
of  the  past  in  America  and  they  are  in  the  highest 
degree  characteristic  of  the  period  in  which  they 
were  made.  It  has  been  said  that  the  possession  of 
one  of  these  ancestral  portraits  is  an  American's  best 
title  to  nobility.  Copley  was  after  all  the  only 
painter  who  achieved  great  skill  in  the  new  world 
prior  to  the  Revolution.  To  mention  any  of  the 
many  good  portraits  painted  by  Copley  in  this  brief 
introductory  sketch  of  the  man  himself  would  only 
make  a  duplicate  enumeration. 

NOTE 

It  is  generally  agreed  that  Copley  was  born  in 
1737.  There  is,  however,  no  entry  in  the  Boston 
Records  of  his  birth.  In  a  letter  from  Copley  to 
Peter  Pelham  dated  September  12,  1766,  he  writes 
of  being  "a  bachelor  of  twenty-eight."  This  would 
indicate  his  birth  as  being  in  1738. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  19 

NEW  YORK  PORTRAITS 

Until  the  appearance  of  the  Copley-Pelham  letters 
recently  published  by  the  Massachusetts  Historical 
Society,  it  was  the  cause  of  more  or  less  controversy 
as  to  whether,  before  he  left  the  country,  Copley 
painted  any  portraits  outside  of  New  England.  The 
following  extracts  from  Copley's  correspondence 
removes  all  doubt  regarding  the  authenticity  of  many 
New  York  portraits,  as  Copley  passed  seven  months 
painting  there. 

CAPTAIN  STEPHEN  KEMBLE  TO  COPLEY 

(Before  April  17,  1771) 

Mr.  Copely  will  inform  Captain  Kemble  if  he 
inclines  to  come  to  New  York  in  the  Spring,  or 
Summer.  If  he  does,  he  will  specify  the  time  he 
proposes  to  stay,  and  the  number  of  Pecktures  he 
would  undertake  to  draw,  and  mention  his  Price 
for  Busts,  half  Lengths,  and  whole  lengths,  of  Men, 
Women,  and  Children.  Capt.  Kemble  will  then  send 
Mr.  Copely,  the  Names  of  those,  who  will  employ 
him,  that  Mr.  Copely  may  be  at  a  Certainty. 

COPLEY  TO  CAPTAIN  KEMBLE 

(no  date) 
Sir, 

Major  Goldthwait,  communicated  to  me  your 
memorandum  desireing  to  know  the  price  of  ye 


20  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Different  sizes  of  portrait  and  what  number  I  would 
undertake  to  do  at  New  York. 

As  to  the  number  it  will  be  determined  by  the  time 
it  may  be  in  my  power  to  stay  should  I  go  in  May 
toward  the  end  of  the  Month  and  sooner  it  will  not 
be  in  my  power  to  go  and  come  away  in  Sepr.  I 
may  be  able  to  engage  12  or  15  half  Lengths,  or  in 
proportion  to  that,  reckoning  whole  Length  as  two 
half  Lengths,  and  half  Length  Double  the  busts. 
More  I  could  not  engage  without  a  Longer  stay,  and 
I  cannot  say  at  present  it  would  be  in  my  power  to 
stay  beyond  that  time,  tho  this  is  not  quite  certain. 
The  price  of  Whole  Lengths  40  Guineas,  half  Length 
20,  y^  pieces  of  Busts  10.  Weither  Men  or  Weomen 
makes  no  difference  in  the  price  nor  does  the  Dress; 
but  Children  in  the  yi  pieces  will  be  more,  because 
of  the  addition  of  hands,  which  there  must  be  when  a 
Child  is  put  in  that  size;  but  should  the  hands  be 
omitted,  the  picture  may  be  smaller  and  than  the 
price  will  be  the  same  as  foraMansorWomans  with- 
out hands.  But  if  hands  they  will  be  something 
more  tho  the  price  will  be  not  exceeding  15.  Ac- 
cording to  maner  size  of  ye  Picture  you  will  see  by 
this  my  price  is  greater  I  have  set  than  what  I  have 
here.  But  the  Reasons  are  so  obvious  why  it  should 
be  that  I  think  it  needless  to  menshon  them. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  21 

CAPTAIN  KEMBLE  TO  COPLEY 

New  York,  iyth  April,  1771. 
Sir, 

I  am  sorry  a  short  absence  of  mine,  and  a  little 
negligence  on  the  part  of  some  who  were  desired  to 
procure  subscribers  to  your  Terms,  has  been  the 
means  of  delaying  an  Answer  to  your  Letter  of  the 
2Oth  of  March.  But  I  have  now  the  pleasure  to  ac- 
quaint you  that  twelve  %  lengths  are  subscribed  for 
(two  Busts  to  a  half  Length)  and  I  make  no  doubt 
as  many  more  will  be  had  as  your  time  will  permit 
you  to  take.  I  hope  this  delay  in  answering  your 
Letter  will  not  prevent  your  undertaking  your 
Journey  to  this  place.  I  am  Sir  Your  most  Obedient 
Servant 

Steph.  Kemble. 

LIST  OF  SUBSCRIBERS 

(April  17,  1771.) 

We  the  undermentioned  Persons  do  promise  to 
have  our  Pictures  drawn  by  Mr.  Copley,  agreeable 
to  the  Sizes  set  opposite  to  our  Names. — 

Lengths       half  Lengths         Busts 
Mrs.  Gage  2  i 

Mr.  Ogilvie  I 

Miss  Johnston  I 


22  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

half  Lengths  Busts 

Captain  Maturin  I 

J.  Mallet  i 

Mrs.  Morris  I 

(Here  part  of  a  page  is  lost) 

Captain  &  Mrs.  Montresor  2 

Mr.  Barrow  i 

Mr.  Sherbrook  I 

Mrs.  McEvers  i 

Mrs.  Mortier 

Mr.  Hust  &  Lady  2 

Mr.  Kemp 

NOTES 

Gabriel  Maturin  was  a  captain  in  the  3ist  Regi- 
ment. 

Jonathan  Mallet  was  a  surgeon  in  the  46th  Regi- 
ment. 

The  Mrs.  Morris  mentioned  is  probably  Mrs. 
Roger  Morris. 

John  Taber  Kemp  was  Attorney-General  of  New 
York. 

Abraham  Mortier  was  Deputy-Attorney-General. 

The  Mr.  Sherbrook  mentioned  was  probably  Miles 
Sherbrook  and  the  Mr.  Montressor  was  John  Mon- 
tressor. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  23 

HENRY  PELHAM  TO  HENRY  AND  THOMAS  BROMFIELD 

Boston,  June  6,  1771. 
Gentlemen, 

Mr.  Copley,  before  he  sat  out  for  New  York, 
desired  me  to  transmit  a  memorandum  of  some 
Articles,  which  as  he  is  in  great  want  of  he  requests 
you  would  ship  by  the  very  first  Opertunity.  You 
will  oblige  him  by  being  perticular  as  to  the  Size  and 
Quality  of  the  Glass  there  being  a  great  Difference  in 
the  Thickness  and  Clearness  of  the  New  Castle 
Crown,  some  of  it  being  not  inferior  to  the  London 
Crown.  You  will  please  to  procure  the  Cloths  of  the 
very  best  kind,  the  last  you  sent  not  being  equal  in 
goodness  to  the  price.  The  inclosed  Bill  you  will  pass 
to  his  Credit.  As  my  Brother  resides  all  Summer  at 
New  York,  you  will  direct  the  things  to  me  at  this 
place.  I  am  Gentlemen  your  most  Obedient,  Hum- 
ble Sert. 

Henry  Pelham 

COPLEY  TO  HENRY  PELHAM 

New  York,  16  of  June,  1771. 
Dear  Harry, 

We  are  now  fixed  in  a  very  comodious  House  in 
this  City.  We  arrived  here  on  Thursday  night  and 
our  Journey  perfectly  agreable,  and  has  contributed 
a  great  deal  to  my  looks.  *  *  *  I  come  now  to 


24  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

say  somthing  of  this  place,  but  really  I  have  not  been 
yet  able  to  attend  to  anything  but  that  of  getting 
myself  a  little  settled,  that  I  may  go  to  Business, 
and  I  beleave  you  will  think  I  have  done  pretty  well 
to  be  ready  to  begin  Mrs.  Gages  portrait  tomorow, 
which  I  propose  to  do,  considering  I  have  had  but 
friday  and  Saturday  to  Deliver  several  Letters  and 
get  sutiable  Lodging.  *  *  *  I  am  your  Af- 
fectionate Brother 

J.  S.  Copley. 

COPLEY  TO  HENRY  PELHAM 

New  York,  June  20,  1771. 
Dear  Harry, 

I  must  not  omit  so  good  an  oppertunity  as  the 
present  to  let  you  know  we  are  well,  and  that  paint- 
ing much  engages  the  attention  of  people  in  this  City 
and  takes  up  all  my  time.  I  have  begun  three  por- 
traits already,  and  shall  as  soon  as  time  permits  fill 
my  Room  which  is  a  very  large  one.  *  *  * 

John  Singleton  Copley. 

HENRY  PELHAM  TO  COPLEY 

Boston,  July  n,  1771. 
Dear  Brother, 

By  Capn.  P.  Smith  you  will  I  hope  receive  in  good 
order  your  Layman,  Crayons  and  Drawings  and 
Major  Bayard's  Picture.  The  Crayons  and  gold 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  25 

Button  holes  are  packed  in  the  same  Box  with  the 
Layman,  the  Drawings  and  Paper  underneath  Major 
Bayards  Picture.  *  *  * 

Henry  Pelham. 

COPLEY  TO  HENRY  PELHAM 

New  York,  July  14,  1771. 
Dear  Brother, 

This  Eveng  I  devote  with  pleasure  to  you  as  I 
know  it  must  give  you  pleasure  to  be  inform'd  of 
every  surcumstance  attending  our  situation  here  I 
will  give  you  a  minute  detail  and  of  the  maner  in 
which  Sukey  and  myself  spend  our  time.  But  to 
begin  with  the  most  important.  Sukey  and  myself 
are  very  well;  she  is  employed  in  working  on  muslin, 
and  myself  in  the  Labours  of  the  pencil.  We  com- 
monly rise  by  six  o'Clock  in  the  morng,  breakfast 
at  8,  go  to  our  respective  Labours  till  3,  when  we 
dine;  at  six  ride  out,  and  since  we  have  been  here  I 
have  by  no  accident  Lost  more  than  one  Day,  as 
there  is  so  many  that  are  impatient  to  sit  I  am  never 
at  a  loss  to  fill  up  all  my  time.  My  large  Chamber 
is  about  9  feet  high  and  20  feet  long  and  near  as 
broad,  with  a  good  room  adjoining  it,  the  light  near 
north.  I  have  begun  4  >£  lengths  6  %  peaces  I 
Kitcat.  When  we  came  here  Capt.  Richards's 
portrait  (at  Mr.  Sherbrooks)  was  so  much  admired 
that  vast  numbers  went  to  see  it.  Mr.  McEvers 


26  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

(from  whom  by  the  way  we  have  received  great 
civility)  spoke  to  Mr.  Sherbrook  to  send  it  to  my 
Chamber  where  it  is  as  much  esteemed  as  I  Could 
wish.  As  I  am  visited  by  vast  numbers  of  People  of 
the  first  Rank,  who  have  seen  Europe  and  are  ad- 
mirers of  the  Art,  I  was  glad  to  have  a  Picture  so  well 
finished.  Most  of  them  say  it  is  the  best  Picture 
they  ever  saw  and  all  agree  in  its  being  an  admirable 
Picture.  I  saw  a  miniature  the  other  Day  of  Gover- 
nor Martin  by  Miers  which  cost  30  Guineas  and  I 
think  it  worth  the  Money.  *  *  * 

J.  S.  Copley. 

COPLEY  TO  HENRY  PELHAM 

New  York,  the  20  of  Sepr.  1771. 
Dear  Brother, 

Your  favour  by  Capt.  Smith  I  received  yesterday 
and  shall  answer  paragraph  by  paragraph.  The 
frames  came  safe  to  hand  and  I  hope  will  do,  but 
shall  know  better  when  they  have  been  seen  by  those 
who  will  want  frames,  and  soon  as  possable  if  they 
will  answer  you  shall  have  my  orders.  *  *  * 
Your  Effectionate  Brother 

John  S.  Copley. 

HENRY  PELHAM  TO  COPLEY 

Boston,  Septmr.  24,  1771. 
Dear  Brother, 

*     *     *    The   Frame  and  Glass,   I   should  have 
sent  had  I  not  forgot  it  till  after  Smith  Sailed.     At 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  27 

Bottom  is  the  Receipt  for  Varnish.  I  have  received 
Money  from  Messers.  Sargent,  Fenno,  Barrell,  Gold- 
thwait,  Pepperell,  Hancock  and  Mrs.  Watts.  I  have 
about  9o£  O.  T.  by  me.  Mr.  Jno.  Green  owes,  as 
also  Mr.  Flucker,  Mr.  Loring  and  Mrs.  Martin. 
These  I  wait  your  directions  before  I  apply  for  the 
Money.  *  *  * 

Henry  Pelham. 

COPLEY  TO  HENRY  PELHAM 

New  York,  the  29  of  Sepr.,  1771. 
Dear  Brother, 

We  have  just  arrived  at  this  place  after  a  very 
pleasant  Journey.  Philadelphia,  We  thought  a  place 
of  too  much  importance  not  to  Visit  when  we  were  so 
near  it,  and  perhaps  might  never  be  able  to  see  it  so 
conveniently  if  we  missed  this  opportunity,  we  sett 
out  last  Thursday  week,  the  Weather  very  fine,  and 
reach'd  the  City  on  Saturday  Eveng.  I  have  seen 
several  fine  Pictures  with  which  you  would  have  been 
Charmed  had  You  been  with  us.  at  Mr.  Allen's 
(to  whom  General  Gage  was  so  obligeing  as  to  give  me 
a  letter)  We  saw  a  fine  Coppy  of  the  Titiano  Venus,  an 
Holy  Family  at  whole  Length  as  large  as  life  from  Co- 
regio,  and  four  other  small  half  Lengths  of  Single 
figures  as  large  as  life,  one  a  St.  Cecelia,  an  Herodias 
with  John  Baptists  head,  Venus  lamenting  over  the 
Body  of  Adonus  and  I  think  a  Niobe  I  cannot  be 


28  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

certain.  The  Venus  and  Holy  Family  I  will  give 
some  account  of,  the  others  I  will  leave  till  I  can  give 
it  you  by  word  of  mouth.  The  Venus  is  fine  in 
Colouring,  I  think  beyand  any  Picture  I  have  seen, 
and  the  Joints  of  the  Knees,  Elbows,  etc.,  very  Read, 
and  no  Gray  tints  anywhere  to  be  found,  the  hair 
remarkably  Yellow  and  I  think  the  face  much  in- 
ferior to  any  other  part  of  the  figure  in  releiff  and 
Colouring,  there  is  no  minuteness  in  the  finishing; 
everything  is  bold  and  easey;  but  I  must  observe  had 
I  Performed  that  Picture  I  should  have  been  hap- 
prehensive  the  figures  in  the  Background  were  too 
Strong.  The  Holy  Family  is  not  Equil  to  the  Venus 
in  Colouring;  it  suffers  much  by  the  Comparison,  tho 
I  do  not  think  it  indeferent  in  that  part  neither,  but 
might  be  pronounced  fine  in  Colouring  was  not  the 
Venus  compaired  with  it.  But  what  delights  us  in 
this  picture  is  that  universal  finishing  and  har- 
moniseing  of  all  parts  of  it.  I  have  made  a  slight 
sketch  of  it  which  will  give  you  a  better  Idea  of  the 

Disposition  when  you  see  it  than  any  thing  I  can  say, 
*     *     * 

COPLEY  TO  HENRY  PELHAM 

New  York,  the  15  Deer.,  1771. 
Dear  Brother, 

I  take  this  oppertunity  of  informing  you,  I  have 
sent  by  Capt.  Smith  (who  sails  this  Day)  5 1  Trees  of 
the  Best  fruit  this  Country  affoards,  also  some  wild 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  29 

Laurell  is  in  earth  in  a  Barrell.  also  3  Barrels  of 
Newtown  Pippens,  and  as  many  for  Mr.  Clarke  which 
I  beg  you  to  inform  him  of,  as  I  dont  write  to  him  by 
this  oppertunity.  and  one  trunk  Directed  to  Mr. 
Jonathan  Clarke.  Likewise  the  Large  Box  with  the 
large  Frames  which  I  have  not  been  able  to  Dispose  of. 
your  favour  per  Mr.  Glover  came  to  hand,  we  are 
happy  to  hear  you  are  all  well,  and  that  at  last  I  can 
inform  you  this  Week  finishes  all  my  Business,  no 
less  than  37  Busts;  so  the  weather  permitting  by 
Chrismass  we  hope  to  be  on  the  road:  but  you  must 
not  expect  our  journey  will  be  less  than  a  fortnight  at 
this  season,  as  we  propose  to  take  so  much  care  of 
ourselves,  and  which  we  may  well  do,  as  the  Country 
is  surprisingly  settled  between  Boston  and  York, 
you  scarcely  lose  sight  of  an  house,  you  may  omit 
writing  any  more  as  we  cannot  expect  to  meet  another 
Letter  here  wrote  after  this  reaches  you. 

Give  our  Effectionate  Duty  to  our  Hond  Mama 
and  xcept  our  sincere  Love  yourself.  I  am  your  most 
Effectionate  Brother 

John  Singleton  Copley. 


Pictures  Exhibited  by  Copley  at  the 

Royal  Academy  1776-1812 
LIVING  AT  LEICESTER  FIELDS,  LONDON 


1776  62     A  Conversation 

Elected  A.  R.  A. 

1777  6 1     A  Family — Whole  Length 

62  Portrait  of  a  Gentleman — Whole  Length 

63  Portrait  of  a  Gentleman — Three-Quarters 

64  The  Nativity 

1778  63     A  Family — Whole  Length 

64  Portrait  of  a  Lady — Three-Quarters 

65  A  Boy  attacked  by  a  Shark 
Elected  R.  A.  in  1779 

1780      97     Portrait  of  a  Lady 

172     Portrait  of  a  Highland  Officer 

(Major  Montgomery) 

195  Portrait  of  a  Gentleman 

211  Portrait  of  a  Naval  Officer 

1783         5  Portrait  of  a  Nobleman  (Lord  Mansfield) 

227  Portraits  of  two  young  Gentlemen 

LIVING  AT  GEORGE  STREET,  HANOVER  SQUARE 

1785  80  Their  Royal  Highnesses  Princess  Mary, 
Princess  Sophia,  and  Princess  Amelia, 
Daughters  of  George  III 


32  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

1786     230     Portrait  of  a  Lady — Half  Length 

423     Portrait  of  a  Young  Lady  and  her  three 

Brothers 

*793  75  The  Red  Cross  Knight,  Fidelia  and 
Speranza  (See  Spencer's  "Faerie 
Queen"  Book  i,  Canto  10)  (Master 
and  Miss  Copley) 

1796       46    Abraham  offering  up  Isaac 
91     Portrait  of  a  Gentleman 
287     Portrait  of  a  Gentleman  (John  Adams) 
J798      73     Portrait  of  J.  A.  Graham,  Esq.,  LL.D. 
101     Portrait  of  the  Speaker  of  the  House 
(Henry  Addington) 

107  An  historical   Picture  representing 

"Hagar  and  Ishmael  in  the  Wilderness" 
in     Portrait  of  Viscount  Duncan 
235     An  historical  Picture  representing  Saul 

reproved  by  Samuel 

1800  24     Portrait  of  Earl  Spencer 

72     Portrait  of  Lady  Dudley  and  Ward 

108  Portrait  of  Viscount  Dudley  and  Ward 
556     Portrait  of  R.  Wilson,  Esq. 

1 80 1  21     Portrait  of  the  late  Colonel  Fitch  and 

the  Misses  Fitch 

163     Portrait  of  R.  Richards,  Esq.,  of  Lin- 
coln's Inn 
1803       70     Portrait  of  the  Earl  of  Northampton 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  33 

1804  21     Portrait  of  Baron  Graham 

31  Portrait  of  Mrs.  Montague,  the  wife  of 
Rear  -  Admiral  Montague,  and  her 
Brother 

96  Portrait  of  Viscount  Dudley  and  Ward 
184  St.  Cecilia,  a  Portrait 

1805  183     Portrait  of  Mr.  Cawthorne 

1 808  i     The  offer  of  the  Crown  to  Lady  Jane  Grey 

by  the  Dukes  of  Northumberland  and 
Suffolk 

146     Portrait  of  Rev.  John  Codman  of  Boston, 
New  England 

1809  20 1     Portrait  of  Lord  Sidmouth 

58  Portraits  of  H.  R.  H.  the  Prince  of  Wales 
at  a  Review  attended  by  Lord  Heath- 
field,  General  Turner,  Col.  Bloomfield 
and  Baron  Eben;  Colonel  Quinton  in 
the  distance 
1812  1 88  The  Resurrection 

NOTE 

Copley  sent  no  pictures  to  London  for  Exhibition  in 
1769-1770  or  during  1773  or  1774.  Copley  exhibited 
8  pictures  at  the  Society  of  Artists  of  Great  Britain,  43 
at  the  Royal  Academy  and  8  at  the  British  Institute. 


34 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 


Lyndhurst  Sale 


THE    FOLLOWING  PICTURES    INHERITED    OR    PURCHASED    BY    JOHN 

SINGLETON  COPLEY  (BARON  LYNDHURST)  WERE  SOLD 

AT   AUCTION    IN    LONDON,  MARCH    5,  1864 


53 

54 

55 

56 

57 

38  G. 

58 

£  8-10 

59 

£10-10 

6o 

54  G. 

61 

£11-11 

62 

£10-10 

63 

£12-13 

64 

8^G. 

65 

£46-16 

66 

£10-10 

67 

£10-10 

68 

£10-10 

69 

£11-11 

70 

4X  G 

Portrait  of  Lord  Howe  (Small  Circle) 
Portrait  of  Admiral  Barrington  (Small 

Circle) 

Portrait  of  Admiral  Duncan 
Portrait  of  Admiral  Duncan  (rolled) 
Portrait  of  Lord  Heathfield 
Portrait  of  an  Officer 
Cupid  caressing  Venus 
Portrait  of  a  Lady,  dated  Boston  1772 
A  Youth  rescued  from  a  Shark 
The  Nativity 
Charles  I.  etc.  (Sketch) 
Monmouth  before  James  II  refusing  to 

give  the  names  of  his  accomplices 
Sketch  for  "The  Siege  of  Gibraltar" 
Portraits  of  Colonels  Hugo  and  Scheop- 

pengull 

Portrait  of  Major-General  De  La  Motte 
Portrait  of  Colonel  Duchenhausen 
Portrait  Head  of  a  favorite  Negro 
First  Sketch  for   "The  Death  of  the 

Earl  of  Chatham" 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  35 

71     £  i-i       First  Sketch  for  "Death  of  Major  Pier- 


son" 


79  5/^  G.  Early  Sketch  for  "Charles  I.  demanding 
the  Arrest  of  the  Five  Members" 

73  £21     Portrait  Head  of  an  American  Lady 

74  £10    Portrait  of  One  of  the  Misses  Copley 

in  a  Hat 

75  £26-5     Portrait  of  the  Artist 

76  £  9-17     Portrait  of  Mr.  Bransden 

77  24  G.    Abraham's  Sacrifice 

78  32  G.    Hagah  and  Ishmael 

79  245  G.     Sketch  for  "Children  of  George  III" 

80  £105     Samuel  and  Eli 

8 1  230  G.    Portrait  of  Lord  Mansfield  seated 

82  51  G.    St.  Jerome  after  Correggio 

83  24  G.    The  Virgin  and  Child 

84  £  27     Saul  reproved  by  Samuel 

85  230  G.    The  Boy  with  the  Squirrel 

86  70  G.    The  Red  Cross  Knight 

87  5>2  G.    Battle  of  the  Pyrenees 

88  £5     George  IV.  as  Prince  of  Wales 

89  22  G.    Offer  of  the  Crown  to  Lady  Jane  Grey 

90  1600  G.    The  Death  of  Major  Pierson 

91  looo  G.    Portraits    of   John    Singleton    Copley 

and  Family 

NOTES 
55     Exhibited  at  Royal  Academy  in  1798 


36  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

57    This  is  a  study  for  one  of  the  portraits  in  the 
"Siege  of  Gibraltar" 

60  This  is  the  port  rait  of  Mrs.  Skinner  in  the  Boston 

Art  Museum 

61  In  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts 

63  Sketch  for  the   Picture   in   the   Boston   Public 
Library 

65  Sketch  for  the  Picture  in  the  Guildhall 

66  Studies  for  the  same  Picture 

67  Studies  for  the  same  Picture 

68  Studies  for  the  same  Picture 

69  Studies  for  "The  Boy  and  the  Shark" 

72     Sketch  for  the   Picture   in   the   Boston   Public 

Library 

74     Sarah  Clark,  afterwards  Mrs.  Charles  Startin 
77     Exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy  in  1798 

79  Sketch  owned  by  R.  T.  Paine,  2d.     Original  in 
Buckingham  Palace.     Exhibited  at  the  Royal 

Academy  in  1785 

80  Engraved  for  Macklin's  Bible 

85  Picture  belongs  to  Mr.  Frederic  Amory  of  Boston 

86  Picture  belongs  to  Mr.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston 

87  Picture  belongs  to  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of 

Boston 

88  Picture  belongs  to  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter 

91     The  well  known  "Family  Picture"  in  the  Boston 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts 


The  Following  List  of  Pictures 

WHILE    FAIRLY    COMPLETE,    DOES    NOT    CONTAIN    ALL,   AND    YET 
THE   AUTHOR    FEELS    CONFIDENT   A    LARGE   MAJORITY   OF 

COPLEY'S  WORK  is  HERE  RECORDED 


SIR  ROBERT  ABERCROMBY 

Sir  Robert  Abercromby  was  born  in  October  1740, 
near  Sterling,  Scotland,  and  died  on  the  third  of  No- 
vember, 1827.  He  was  a  British  soldier  and  served  in 
Canada  through  the  French  war,  and  as  colonel  of  a 
regiment  during  the  War  of  the  Revolution.  The 
expedition  that  destroyed  American  shipping  in  the 
Delaware  was  led  by  him,  and  in  May,  1778,  he  sur- 
prised General  Lacey  at  Crooked  Billet.  He  was 
wounded  at  Monmouth  and  led  a  sortie  from  York- 
town,  capturing  two  batteries.  In  1790  he  was  made 
Major -General,  served  in  India,  succeeded  Corn- 
wallis  as  Commander-in-chief  in  1793,  and  was 
promoted  to  General  in  1800.  The  portrait  is  an  un- 
usually fine  example  of  Copley's  work.  It  shows  Sir 
Robert  posed  against  a  shadowy  dark  green  back- 
ground and  looking  directly  out  of  the  canvas.  He 
wears  a  rich  brown  velvet  coat  with  white  lace  at 
throat  and  wrist,  and  a  touch  of  red  indicates  a  bril- 
liant colored  waistcoat.  The  face  is  full  with  features 


38  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

admirably  modeled,  and  from  a  broad  forehead  the 
hair  is  combed  back  and  powdered.  The  canvas 
measures  about  twenty-four  by  twenty-nine  inches. 

ABRAHAM'S  SACRIFICE 

This  picture  was  shown  at  the  Royal  Academy  in 
1796.  Engraved  by  Dunkarton  and  sold  in  the 
Lyndhurst  sale. 

JOHN  ADAMS 

This  portrait  of  Washington's  immediate  successor 
is  full  length,  painted  in  London  in  1783  and  exhibited 
at  the  Royal  Academy  in  1796.  He  is  attired  in  a 
brown  velvet  court  dress,  standing  by  a  table,  under- 
neath which  is  a  globe.  This  portrait  was  presented 
to  Harvard  College  by  W.  N.  Boylston  and  is  now  in 
Memorial  Hall.  The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  bill 
for  the  portrait. 

London  Deer.  10,  1783  Reed,  of  John  Adams 
Esquire,  one  hundred  Guineas  in  full  for  his  portrait. 

J.  S.  Copley 

JOHN  ADAMS 

This  is  the  portrait  of  a  distinguished  merchant,  the 
son  of  Rev.  Hugh  Adams,  his  wife  being  Susannah 
Parker.  The  picture  is  half  length,  life  size,  and 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  39 

represents  him  as  dressed  in  a  brown  coat,  a  richly 
embroidered  satin  waistcoat,  and  a  full  wig.  He 
stands  with  his  right  hand  resting  on  his  hip,  while  his 
left  is  thrust  into  his  waistcoat.  It  has  a  background 
with  the  sea  and  ships  in  the  distance.  It  belongs  to 
Mr.  George  B.  Dorr  of  Boston. 

MRS.  JOHN  ADAMS 

This  portrait  of  the  wife  of  John  Adams,  the 
eminent  merchant  of  Boston,  is  a  companion  picture 
to  that  of  her  husband.  Her  left  hand  lies  in  an  easy 
position  while  her  right  is  concealed  by  her  dress. 
She  is  dressed  in  a  blue  robe,  cut  low  in  the  neck,  and 
her  hair  is  dark.  The  background  is  a  landscape. 
It  belongs  to  Mr.  George  B.  Dorr  of  Boston. 

JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS 

This  beautiful  portrait  was  painted  while  Mr. 
Adams  was  United  States  Minister  at  the  Hague  in 
1795.  It  was  presented  by  the  artist  to  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
John  Adams.  A  fine  example  of  Copley's  work  at 
his  best  period.  It  hangs  in  the  Boston  Art  Museum 
being  lent  by  Mrs.  Robert  Homans. 

SAMUEL  ADAMS 

This  picture  is  of  three-quarters  length.  He  is 
standing  by  a  table,  holding  a  paper  in  his  hand. 


40  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

The  dress  is  a  brown  coat.  It  is  a  very  spirited  and 
fine  example  of  Copley's  work  and  was  painted  for 
John  Hancock  and  hung  for  nearly  fifty  years  in  the 
Hancock  House  before  it  became  the  property  of  the 
City  of  Boston.  Governor  Samuel  Adams  was  born 
in  Boston  in  1722  in  Belcher's  Lane,  now  Purchase 
Street.  He  graduated  from  Harvard  University  in 
1740  and  was  elected  representative  to  the  Assembly 
in  1765.  He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
Samuel  Checkley,  in  1749.  In  1775  he  was  pros- 
cribed by  the  British  Government.  In  1781  he  was 
president  of  the  Massachusetts  Senate;  was  chosen 
Lieu  tenant-Governor  in  1789,  and  was  Governor 
from  1794  to  1797.  His  enthusiastic  support  of  the 
Revolution  was  surpassed  by  none.  *  Samuel  Adams 
died  in  1803.  This  portrait  was  painted  in  1771, 
belongs  to  the  City  of  Boston  and  now  hangs  in  the 
Boston  Art  Museum.  A  second  picture  of  Mr. 
Adams,  in  Copley's  latest  style,  is  in  the  possession  of 
Harvard  College.  It  is  a  smaller  picture  measuring 
twelve  by  sixteen  inches. 

THOMAS  AINSLIE 

Collector  of  the  port  of  Quebec  and  a  captain  in  the 
city's  militia.  His  diary  during  the  operations 
against  Quebec  in  1775-1776  was  printed  by  the 
Library  and  Historical  Society  of  Quebec.  In  a  letter 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  41 

to  Copley  from  Ainslie,  dated  Quebec,  November 
12,  1764,  this  picture  is  mentioned,  and  also  under 
date  of  October  8,  1757  Ainslie  mentions  sending  the 
portrait  to  Glascow,  Scotland. 

MRS.  ETHAN  ALLEN 

This  is  a  portrait  of  Frances  Montesque,  daughter 
of  Col.  Monte  and  Margaret  Schoolcraft  Montesque. 
She  is  represented  as  a  child  of  nine.  Her  first 
husband  was  Captain  Buchannan  of  the  British 
Army,  who  was  killed  less  than  a  year  after  their 
marriage.  In  1784  she  married  General  Ethan 
Allen,  and  in  1792  she  married  Dr.  Jabez  Penniman 
of  Colchester,  Vt. 

The  whereabouts  of  this  portrait  is  unknown. 

JAMES  ALLEN 

Was  born  in  1739,  and  was  quite  distinguished  as  a 
poet.  He  wrote  the  well  known  lines  on  "The  Boston 
Massacre,"  and  many  other  pieces.  It  was  thought 
by  those  conversant  in  the  matter,  that  had  he  not 
been  a  man  of  large  fortune  and  easy  disposition,  he 
would  have  risen  to  great  eminence.  He  died  in 
1808.  This  picture,  which  is  in  the  possession  of  the 
Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  is  of  half  length, 


42  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

and  represents  a  young  man  with  dark  eyes  and  hair, 
dressed  in  a  brown  coat  and  waistcoat  with  gold 
buttons,  and  a  black  silk  neckerchief. 

NATHANIEL  ALLEN 

Was  a  grandson  of  Joseph  Allen,  who  came  to 
Gloucester  in  1674.  This  portrait  is  of  three-fourths 
length.  He  is  dressed  in  a  brown  suit  of  the  times, 
and  is  seated  at  a  table,  his  left  arm  resting  on  a  book, 
and  holding  a  letter  in  his  hand.  The  whole  picture 
is  beautifully  painted.  It  is  in  the  possession  of 
Charles  S.  Sargent  of  Brookline. 

MRS.  NATHANIEL  ALLEN 

Her  maiden  name  was  Sarah,  daughter  of  Colonel 
Epes  Sargent.  She  is  represented  as  standing,  and 
wearing  a  large  hat.  She  is  dressed  in  a  steel-colored 
silk,  and  is  drawing  on  her  glove.  It  is  three-fourths 
length,  and  in  Copley's  late  manner.  It  is  in  the 
possession  of  Charles  S.  Sargent  of  Brookline. 

JOHN  AMORY,  SENIOR 

A  merchant,  and  a  son  of  Thomas  Amory;  born 
August  29,  1728,  died  June  5,  1803.  He  married 
January  16,  1757,  Katherine  Greene,  daughter  of 
Rufus  Greene,  who  was  a  great-grandson  of  John 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  43 

Greene  who  came  to  New  England  from  Salisbury, 
England,  in  1638.  This  portrait  is  of  three-fourths 
length.  The  subject  is  standing  with  one  hand  rest- 
ing on  the  back  of  a  chair,  the  right  hand  holding  an 
open  letter.  The  color  of  the  picture  is  now  of  a 
subdued  richness  and  represents  the  dress  as  being  a 
goldlaced  brown  velvet  coat,  and  small  clothes. 
Beyond  are  drapery,  sky,  the  sea,  and  a  ship.  It  is  in 
the  possession  of  his  descendant,  Miss  Martha  Cod- 
man,  Washington,  D.  C.  The  following  bill  for  the 
portrait  is  in  the  possession  of  his  descendant: 

Boston,  1768 

Mr.  John  Amory  to  John  Singleton  Copley,  Dr. 
To  his  own  portrait,  half  length  £14-0-0 
Nov.  24,  1769.     Paid  as  per  receipt  book. 

MRS.  KATHERINE  GREENE  AMORY 

Wife  of  John  Amory,  a  daughter  of  Rufus  and 
Katherine  Greene.  She  was  born  in  1720,  and  died 
April  II,  1777,  in  London.  This  picture  is  chiefly 
composed  of  browns  and  yellows,  the  dress  being 
yellow  silk  or  satin.  The  drawing  of  one  of  the  hands 
is  poor.  In  a  strong  light  may  be  seen  a  little  negro 
boy  beneath  a  table.  The  picture  is  in  the  possession 
of  Mr.  George  A.  Goddard  of  Boston. 


44  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

THOMAS  AMORY 

Was  born  in  1682,  and  married  Rebecca  Holmes 
May  9,  1721.  He  died  June  20,  1728.  This  portrait 
is  drawn  in  colored  crayons,  only  giving  the  head  and 
shoulders  and  must  be  a  copy  by  Copley  of  another 
portrait  by  some  other  artist,  which  was  probably 
destroyed  by  fire  in  the  house  of  his  son,  Thomas,  in 
1787.  The  features  are  full  and  rather  regular,  with 
a  beautifully  fresh  and  light  complexion.  The  dress 
is  a  greenish-blue  robe,  with  a  full,  curling  wig.  It  is 
in  the  possession  of  his  descendant,  Miss  M.  P. 
Codman,  Bristol,  R.  I. 

THOMAS  AMORY 

Was  born  in  1722,  died  in  1784.  This  portrait  is 
in  oil,  of  three-fourths  length.  He  is  dressed  in  a 
brown  coat,  and  leans  upon  a  staff,  holding  a  glove  in 
his  hand.  It  belongs  to  Mr.  Ingersoll  Amory,  of 
Boston,  and  is  now  in  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine 
Arts. 

JOHN  ANDREWS 

A  prominent  merchant  of  Boston  and  selectman  in 
1785.  He  was  an  intimate  friend  and  correspondent 
of  John  Elliot.  Some  of  his  letters  have  been  pub- 
lished by  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society.  This 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  45 

is  a  crayon  drawing,  one-quarter  length,  representing 
the  subject  when  he  was  twenty-eight  years  of  age, 
and  is  in  a  fine  state  of  preservation.  It  was  in  the 
possession  of  his  son,  the  Rev.  George  B.  Andrews, 
High  wood. 

REV.  NATHANIEL  APPLETON 

Was  born  in  1693,  died  in  1784.  He  is  dressed  in 
clerical  robes  and  bands,  and  is  represented  as  sitting 
in  a  chair,  and  holding  a  book  in  his  hand.  This 
picture  was  painted  in  1764  and  is  in  the  possession  of 
Harvard  College. 

MRS.  NATHANIEL  APPLETON 

Wife  of  Rev.  Nathaniel  Appleton,  whose  maiden 
name  was  Margaret  Gibbs,  was  born  in  1701  and  died 
in  1771.  The  dress  is  a  black  basque  with  a  skirt 
of  gray  silk.  The  right  elbow  rests  upon  a  table  with 
the  hand  supporting  the  face.  It  is  a  half  length 
picture,  and  is  in  the  possession  of  Harvard  College. 

CAPTAIN  APTHORP 

An  officer  of  the  British  Navy.  This  is  a  crayon  of 
half  size.  It  was  in  the  possession  of  Miss  Ann  Ap- 
thorp,  Jamaica  Plain. 


46  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

REV.  EAST  APTHORP 

Rector  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Cambridge.  He 
was  the  son  of  Charles  Apthorp,  merchant  of  Boston. 
After  his  admission  to  holy  orders  he  returned  to  this 
country  from  England,  where  he  was  educated. 
After  a  career  of  six  years  here  in  the  ministry  he 
again  went  to  England,  where  he  died  in  1816  at  the 
age  of  eighty-four  years.  This  portrait  was  in  the 
possession  of  a  Miss  Dexter,  of  Philadelphia,  Penna. 

MRS.  JOHN  APTHORP 

Was  Hannah,  daughter  of  Sheriff  Stephen  Green- 
leaf  and  Mary  Greenleaf,  his  wife.  She  was  married 
in  1765.  This  picture  is  of  oval  form,  and  of  half 
length,  representing  a  young  lady  dressed  in  a  blue 
silk,  edged  round  the  neck  with  white  lace.  She  has 
also  a  pink  scarf,  fastened  at  the  waist  by  a  pearl  pin. 
The  face  is  rather  in  profile.  Round  her  neck  she 
has  a  collar  of  three  rows  of  pearls,  tied  behind  with  a 
blue  bow.  Her  dark  hair,  without  powder,  is  drawn 
back  from  her  face,  and  dressed  with  pearls,  and  with 
three  small  flowers  on  the  top.  The  portrait  was  in 
the  possession  of  Mr.  R.  E.  Apthorp,  of  Boston. 

THE  ASCENSION  OF  CHRIST 

Copley  made  a  drawing  of  this  subject  while  he  was 
in  Rome  in  1774  and  later  a  painting  in  England. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  47 

The  painting  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  F.  Gordon 
Dexter. 

JUDGE  THEODORE  ATKINSON 

Judge  Atkinson  was  born  at  Newcastle,  N.  H.,  De- 
cember 20, 1697  and  died  Sept.  22, 1779.  He  was  Sec- 
retary of  the  Colony  in  1741  Chief-Justice  in  1754  and 
Maj.-Gen.  of  Militia  in  1769.  The  Revolution  de- 
prived him  of  all  these  offices.  At  his  death  he  left 
$200  to  the  Episcopal  Church  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H. 

MRS.  THEODORE  ATKINSON 

She  was  Hannah,  daughter  of  Governor  John  Went- 
worth.  This  portrait  belonged  to  Mr.  Asa  Freeman 
of  Dover,  N.  H.,  and  later  to  Mr.  Louis  Popham, 
Scarsdale,  Westchester  County,  New  York. 

AURORA 

Copley  made  a  copy  in  water  color  of  Guide's  Aurora 
in  1775  while  at  Parma,  Italy.  Its  whereabouts  is 
not  known. 

MARY  SMITH  AUSTIN 

Born  December  19,  1710.  Died  in  her  ox>th  year 
at  Concord,  N.  H.,  February  9th,  1800.  She  was  an 
aunt  of  Abagail  Smith  Adams  and  she  married  Ebene- 
zer  Kent,! Jr.,  November  loth,  1757,  and  the  portrait 


48  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

has  come  by  descent  to  the  present  owner,  Prentiss  M. 
Kent,  of  Boston.  It  is  of  three-fourths  length,  the 
figure  being  seated  in  a  large  green  chair  holding  a 
book.  Her  dress  is  of  brown  satin  with  cap,  fichue, 
and  under  sleeves  lace-trimmed.  The  picture  was 
rescued  from  the  walls  of  her  house  at  the  burning 
of  Charlestown  by  the  British  in  1775. 

ADAM  BABCOCK 

The  son  of  Dr.  Joshua  Babcock  of  Westerly,  R.  I. 
This  portrait  is  of  a  young  man  nearly  full  length 
without  wig,  seated,  with  hand  partly  resting  on  a 
table  and  holding  a  pencil.  In  the  other  hand  he 
holds  a  writing  tablet.  The  whereabouts  of  this 
portrait  is  unknown  to  the  author.  Adam  Babcock 
was  a  distinguished  merchant  of  Boston. 

MRS.  ADAM  BABCOCK 

This  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  work.  The 
figure  is  seated,  face  slightly  turned.  She  wears  a 
head  dress  or  turban  of  lace  and  pearls  and  her  dress 
is  of  light  silk;  a  dark  cloak  lined  with  ermine 
completes  her  costume.  The  whereabouts  of  this 
picture  is  unknown. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  49 

MRS.  JOHN  BACON 

The  wife  of  the  Rev.  John  Bacon,  of  the  Old  South 
Church.  This  lady  was  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Ezekiel 
Goldthwaite,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1733,  and 
married  for  her  first  husband  the  Rev.  Alexander 
Cummings.  The  costume  is  of  brown  satin,  the  sleeves 
ruffled  at  the  elbows,  and  a  lace  shawl;  over  the  neck 
is  a  pearl  necklace.  A  small  cap  completes  the  whole 
costume.  This  picture  is  remarkable  for  the  bril- 
liancy given  to  the  eye  and  the  beauty  of  the  hand 
and  arm.  She  died  in  Stockbridge  in  1821.  This 
portrait,  painted  in  1769,  is  two  and  one-half  feet 
square,  and  together  with  the  original  bill  for  it,  is 
in  the  possession  of  a  descendant,  Miss  Fannie  E. 
Colt  of  Pittsfield,  Mass.  Following  is  the  bill  for 
her  portrait  and  two  others. 

Boston   Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cummings  to  Jn.  S.  Copley, 
Dr. 

1769  To  her  own  portrait  ^  Igth.  at  7 

Guis.  £9"i6"o 

To  Mrs.  Maquarter's  Do.  9"i6"o 

To  Mr.  Maquarter's  Do.  9"i6"o 

1770  To  two  Black  Frames  at  247  2"  8"o 


Reed,   the  contents  in  full  £3i"i6"o 

John  Singleton  Copley 


So  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  BACON 

The  mother  of  Judge  Bacon.  This  picture  was 
painted  in  1771,  and  when  last  heard  of  was  in  Utica, 
New  York.  Its  present  owner  is  unknown. 

MRS.  EUNICE  BALSTON 

A  daughter  of  John  Turner,  of  Salem.  She  married 
first,  in  1729,  Colonel  Benjamin  Browne,  and  second, 
Mr.  Balston.  The  picture  is  five  feet  long  by  three 
and  a  half  wide.  The  portrait  is  in  the  dress  of  the 
period,  and  is  a  fine  specimen  of  Copley's  manner. 
It  belongs  to  Mr.  Edward  N.  Fenno. 

WILKES  BARBER 

This  portrait  of  a  young  man  is  referred  to  in  the 
following  letter  to  Nathaniel  Barber. 

Princes  Court,  near  Stories  Gate,  Westminster, 
Sept.  21,  1770. 

Sir, 

My  Brother  Hayley  has  sent  me  from  you  a  most 
Valuable  present  of  a  Picture  which  I  receive  with 
great  Gratitude  and  pleasure  from  its  being  the  re- 
cemblance  of  my  dear  namesake,  and  the  merit  of 
the  Work  it  self.  I  was  very  happy  to  Observe  to 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 


what  a  degree  of  excellence  the  most  elegant  art  of 
Painting  is  Arrived  in  New  England,  and  as  you  rival 
us  in  every  essential  good,  so  you  now  equal  us  in 
the  refinements  of  Polished  Life.  I  shall  expect 
every  thing  good  and  intrinsically  valuable  from  the 
Young  Gentleman,  whose  Picture  I  admire,  when  I 
consider  that  he  is  educated  under  your  care,  and 
among  the  generous  sons  of  Freedom  in  America, 
who  remain  undebauch'd  by  the  wickedness  of 
European  Courts,  and  Parliamentary  Prostitution. 
I  pray  heaven  to  give  you  great  Comfort  in  him, 
and  to  permit  him  long  to  enjoy  the  Benefit  of  the 
virtuous  example  you  set  him!  My  most  respectfull 
compliments  ever  attend  the  friend  (s)  of  Liberty  at 
Boston,  and  I  beg  you,  Sir,  to  beli(e)ve  me,  with  great 
truth  and  regard,  Your  Obliged,  humble  Servant 

John  Wilkes. 

Barber  had  a  son  Wilkes  Barber,  and  sent  to 
Wilkes  a  portrait  of  the  child,  then  in  his  fourth  year 
by  Copley. 

REV.  EDWARD  BARNARD 

An  early  portrait  of  this  gentleman  in  his  clerical 
robes  in  the  possession  of  the  Essex  Institute  at  Salem. 
He  was  minister  of  the  Church  at  Haverhill,  Mass., 
and  died  in  1774. 


52  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

JOSEPH  BARRELL 

A  crayon  portrait,  companion  in  size  to  that  of 
his  second  wife.  The  subject  is  represented  in  a 
flowered  silk  gown,  broad  plain  collar,  lace  at  neck. 
Mr.  Barrell  has  dark  brown  hair  and  his  head  is  half 
turned.  He  holds  his  gown  together  in  front  with 
his  left  hand  which  only  partly  shows.  This  picture 
is  owned  by  Henry  F.  Barrell  of  New  Providence,  N.  J. 
Joseph  Barrell  was  a  prominent  merchant  of  Boston, 
born  in  1740.  He  married  for  his  first  wife  Anna 
Pierce  and  secondly  Hannah,  daughter  of  Timothy 
and  Abigail  Fitch.  Mr.  Barrell's  house  was  situated 
in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  on  the  site  afterwards  oc- 
cupied by  the  McLean  Hospital. 

There  is  a  miniature  portrait  of  Mr.  Barrell  set  in 
gold  as  a  bracelet  measuring  an  inch  and  a  quarter  by 
an  inch  and  a  third  and  is  exquisitely  painted.  The 
whereabouts  is  unknown. 

MRS.  ANNA  PIERCE  BARRELL 
This  is  a  very  handsome  crayon  portrait  of  the 
first  wife  of  Joseph  Barrell,  formerly  of  Charlestown, 
Mass.  It  measures  seventeen  by  twenty-three  inches. 
The  lady  died  at  twenty-three  years  of  age.  This 
picture  was  for  many  years  owned  by  Mrs.  J.  W. 
Terry,  the  youngest  daughter  of  Mrs.  Electra  Barrell 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  53 

Wilder,  to  whom  it  descended  from  her  grandfather, 
Joseph  Barrell.  The  flesh  tints  are  pure  and  warm, 
hair  dark  brown,  eyes  greenish  blue,  large  and  clear 
regular  features.  The  upper  part  has  been  damaged 
and  nearly  obliterated.  The  hair  is  dressed  high  with 
a  bunch  of  flowers  and  a  string  of  pearls  twisted 
among  them.  The  bodice  is  a  greenish  blue  satin 
and  is  caught  by  a  dull  gold  brooch  in  the  centre. 
The  sleeves  are  looped  up  by  a  gold  cord.  Over  one 
shoulder  is  drooped  a  peach  blossom  colored  shawl. 
This  picture  was  shown  in  the  Burlington  Magazine 
of  May,  1907,  and  was  exhibited  during  the  Hudson- 
Fulton  Exhibition  at  the  Metropolitan  Art  Museum. 
It  is  owned  by  Mrs.  William  Allen  Putnam  of  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y. 

Another  beautiful  pastel  portrait  of  this  lady  by 
Copley  of  the  same  size  as  the  before-mentioned  pic- 
ture is  owned  by  Miss  Dorothea  Keep  and  was  also 
shown  at  the  Metropolitan  Art  Museum  during  the 
Hudson-Fulton  celebration.  She  has  her  hair  dressed 
high  and  wears  a  pink  rose  in  her  corsage. 

MRS.  HANNAH  FITCH  BARRELL 

This  is  one  of  Copley's  most  beautiful  portraits. 

It  is  in  pastel  and  perfectly  preserved.     She  was  the 

daughter  of  Timothy   and  Abigail   Fitch,   and   the 

mother  of  Mrs.  Benjamin  Joy.     The  picture  measures 


54  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

nineteen  by  twenty-four  inches.  Mrs.  Barrell  was 
the  second  wife  of  Joseph  Barrell  of  Charlestown,  and 
in  the  picture  is  shown  dressed  in  a  bodice  of  blue 
satin  and  an  overdress  of  pink  silk  trimmed  with 
ermine.  In  her  bosom  she  wears  a  rosebud.  Her 
hair  is  combed  back  from  her  face  and  dressed  with 
a  cluster  of  short  curls.  Her  eyes  are  hazel  and  lips 
pouting.  It  belongs  to  Mrs.  C.  H.  Joy  of  Boston. 

COLBURN  BARRELL 

There  is  an  authentic  record  that  Copley  painted  a 
portrait  of  this  gentleman,  who  was  a  prominent 
loyalist.  It  belonged  at  one  time  to  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Andrews  of  Highwood,  but  its  whereabouts  is  not 
known.  Colburn  Barrell  was  the  son  of  John  Barrell 
and  Ruth  Greene  Barrell.  He  was  born  in  1735  and 
married  Ann  Rymes. 

JOHN  BARRETT 

A  full  length  picture,  forty  by  fifty  inches.  He  is 
represented  as  seated  beside  a  table;  his  right  hand 
holds  a  pen  and  his  left  rests  upon  his  knee.  He  is 
dressed  in  a  suit  of  olive-colored  cloth.  Mr.  Barrett 
was  a  distinguished  merchant  of  his  time.  He  was 
born  June  12,  1708.  He  was  one  of  the  warmest 
friends  and  most  active  supporters  of  the  cause  of 
liberty,  in  behalf  of  which  he  gave  most  liberally 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  55 

from  his  own  private  means.  As  an  instance  of  this, 
he  chose  to  redeem  with  gold,  to  a  large  amount, 
the  paper  money  paid  to  our  troops  in  Boston  by  the 
government.  He  was  one  of  the  committee  of  six, 
appointed  by  the  merchants  of  Boston,  in  1768,  to 
resist  the  imposition  by  Parliament  upon  the  Colonies 
of  the  onerous  duties  on  sundry  articles  of  commerce. 
The  committee  of  six  were  Thomas  Gushing,  John 
Hancock,  William  Phillips,  John  Barrett,  John  Er- 
ving,  Jr.,  and  Edward  Payne.  On  their  recommenda- 
tion the  merchants  of  Boston  pledged  themselves  not 
to  send  for  nor  import  from  Great  Britain,  between 
January  I,  1769,  and  January  I,  1770,  any  kind  of 
goods  except  those  absolutely  necessary;  the  same 
being  named  in  an  agreement.  Mr.  Barrett  was  for 
many  years  deacon  of  Dr.  Eliot's  church,  in  Boston, 
and  died  September  9,  1786.  This  picture  belongs 
to  the  estate  of  Mrs.  S.  D.  Barrett. 

MRS.  JOHN  BARRETT 

Was  Sarah,  daughter  of  John  Gerrish,  born  July 
25,  1711,  married  Mr.  Barrett,  June  3, 1731,  and  died 
February  8,  1798.  In  her  will  Mrs.  Barrett  mentions 
the  portrait  of  her  husband  and  herself,  painted  by 
Copley.  Her  picture  is  fifty  by  forty  inches,  rep- 
resenting her  as  wearing  a  robe  of  olive  brown  bro- 


56  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

caded  damask,  with  a  dark  green  cloak  ornamented 
with  scarlet.  The  dress  is  cut  square  in  the  neck, 
over  which  is  thrown  a  muslin  kerchief;  embroidered 
muslin  sleeves,  a  muslin  cap  and  a  pearl  necklace 
complete  the  costume.  This  picture  belongs  to  the 
estate  of  Mrs.  S.  D.  Barrett. 

JUDGE  SAMUEL  BARRETT,  LL.D. 
The  son  of  John  and  Sarah  Barrett,  was  born  in 
Boston  in  1738,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1757.  He  married  first,  Mary,  a  daughter  of  Richard 
Clarke,  and  sister  to  Susan  Clarke,  who  married  Cop- 
ley. Their  brother  was  Richard  Clarke,  Jr.,  some 
time  Commissary-General  of  the  British  Army  in 
Boston.  His  second  wife  was  Elizabeth  Salisbury. 
He  was  Judge  of  Probate,  and  also  a  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court,  and  received  the  degree  of  LL.  D. 
from  the  University  of  Edinburgh.  Judge  Barrett  is 
represented  as  dressed  in  a  white  wig,  and  the  costume 
of  the  times.  The  picture  is  oval,  and  in  Copley's 
latest  manner,  having  been  painted  in  London,  and 
is  now  owned  by  Edward  Temple  of  Windsor,  Ver- 
mont. 

MRS.  SAMUEL  BARRETT 

Who  was   Mary  Clarke,  a  daughter  of   Richard 
Clarke,  and  the  sister  of  Mrs.  Copley.     The  portrait 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  57 

is  a  small  oval,  five  and  one-half  by  four  and  one-half 
inches,  on  copper,  and  represents  a  pretty  young 
woman  in  a  hat  of  those  times.  It  is  in  the  possession 
of  Miss  Mary  E.  Cabot  of  Brookline. 

ADMIRAL  HARRINGTON 

Samuel  Barrington,  born  1729,  died  1800,  entered 
the  British  Navy  at  sixteen  and  had  continuous  ser- 
vice for  nearly  fifty  years.  A  mezzotint  engraving 
was  made  by  Sharp  of  this  portrait  which  was  pub- 
lished by  Copley  in  1810.  It  was  sold  at  the  Lynd- 
hurst  sale  in  London  in  1864. 

BATTLE  OF  TRAFALGAR 

There  is  good  evidence  that  Copley  planned  and 
began  this  picture  but  it  was  never  completed. 

BATTLE  OF  THE  PYRENEES 

This  is  a  very  large  and  grand  work,  unfinished,  sold 
at  the  Lyndhurst  sale  in  1864  for  five  and  a  half 
guineas.  In  it  are  portraits  of  the  Duke  of  Welling- 
ton, the  Prince  of  Orange,  and  Lord  Marsh.  It  is 
now  in  the  house  of  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston. 

BENJAMIN  BEALE 

He  was  born  in  England,  May  30, 1741,  and  died  at 
Quincy,  Mass.,  January  29,  1825.  He  was  by  pro- 


58  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

fession  a  sea  captain,  and  is  represented  in  a  full  dress 
suit  of  light  cloth.  The  size  is  twenty-nine  by  twenty- 
four  inches.  This  portrait  was  in  the  possession  of 
his  grandchildren,  the  Misses  Beale,  of  Quincy,  Mass. 

MRS.  BENJAMIN  BEALE 

Whose  maiden  name  was  Ann  Copeland,  was  born 
in  Liverpool,  May  27,  1745 ;  married  there  in  1767,  and 
died  in  Quincy,  February  13,  1814.  This  portrait  was 
in  the  possession  of  her  grandchildren,  the  Misses 
Beale,  of  Quincy,  Mass. 

BEALE 

There  is  a  small  portrait  of  the  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Benjamin  Beale,  size  thirteen  by  fifteen  inches.  He 
was  born  in  Liverpool,  June  6,  1768;  died  in  1826,  in 
the  Bourbonais,  Province  of  Normandy,  France, 
where  he  resided  the  greater  part  of  his  life.  This 
portrait  was  also  in  the  possession  of  the  Misses 
Beale,  of  Quincy,  Mass. 

SIR  GEORGE  BEAUMONT 

Sir  George  Rowland  Beaumont  was  born  in  1753 
and  died  in  1827.  An  art  patron  and  amateur 
painter.  He  was  intimate  with  Dr.  Johnson  Copley 
Reynolds,  Scott  Wordsworth  and  Coleridge;  present- 
ed several  pictures  to  the  National  Gallery. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  59 

A  portrait  of  this  gentlemen,  measuring  twenty- 
five  by  thirty  inches,  was  sold  in  New  York  in  Febru- 
ary, 1906. 

BELCHER 

There  are  said  to  be  portraits  of  the  Belchers  in  the 
possession  of  the  Jennison  family. 

SIR  EDWARD  BERRY,  K.C.B. 

This  fine  portrait  of  Rear-Admiral  Berry  is  in 
Greenwich  Hospital,  London. 

Sir  Edward  Berry  was  born  1768;  died  1831.  He 
served  under  Nelson  in  nearly  all  the  important  naval 
engagements,  including  the  Battle  of  the  Nile  and 
Trafalgar. 

LORD  BESBOROUGH 

This  picture  is  in  England  but  its  exact  where- 
abouts is  unknown  to  the  author. 

MRS.  BLACK 

Of  half  size.  Represents  a  young  lady  in  a  white 
satin  robe.  This  picture  was  given  by  Mrs.  Black 
to  Mrs.  Boardman,  and  by  her  to  her  daughter,  Mrs. 
Harrison  Gray  Otis,  in  whose  possession  it  was  in 
1872. 


60  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

JOSEPH  BLAKE 

This  is  a  small  portrait  on  copper,  beautifully 
painted.  It  is  the  work  of  the  artist  at  nineteen. 
The  subject  is  dressed  in  the  uniform  of  the  French 
and  Indian  War,  blue  coat  with  gold  buttons,  red 
waistcoat  and  laced  hat.  The  picture  belongs  to  his 
great-grandson,  Rear-Admiral  Charles  H.  Davis  of 
Washington,  D.  C. 

MRS.  BLANEY 

She  was  a  daughter  of  Mrs.  Browne,  who  married 
Colonel  Epes  Sargent  for  her  second  husband.  The 
portrait  is  forty  by  fifty  inches  in  size  and  is  com- 
panion to  that  of  her  mother.  She  is  shown  stand- 
ing, three-quarters  length.  Her  dress  is  of  cream  color 
satin,  corsage  low  and  lace-trimmed.  Her  right  arm 
is  resting  on  a  pilaster  with  the  left  hand  by  her  side. 
Her  hair  is  dressed  high  with  bead  ornaments.  There 
is  a  landscape  panel  on  the  wall  at  her  left.  The  por- 
trait now  belongs  to  Mr.  George  N.  Black  of  Boston. 

MRS.  SYLVANUS  BOURNE 

Whose  maiden  name  was  Mercy  Gorham.  It  is 
stated  in  Freeman's  History  of  Cape  Cod,  Vol.  II., 
page  301,  that  a  portrait  of  this  lady  was  painted  by 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  61 

Copley.  When  last  heard  of,  it  was  in  the  possession 
of  Colonel  Samuel  Swett  of  Boston.  Its  whereabouts 
is  now  unknown. 

JOHN  BOURS 

Portrait  of  a  gentleman  dressed  in  a  handsome 
costume  of  brown  velvet  with  lace  at  neck  and  sleeves. 
He  is  seated  in  a  three-legged  mahogany  chair  with 
right  hand  holding  a  book  and  head  resting  on  the 
other  hand.  It  has  a  landscape  background.  It  is  in 
its  original  carved  frame.  Mr.  Bours  was  a  resident 
of  Newport,  R.  I.,  much  interested  in  affairs  of  the 
Episcopal  Church  and  a  lay  preacher  in  Trinity 
Church.  It  is  now  in  the  Worcester  Art  Museum. 

JABEZ  BOWEN 

He  was  the  son  of  Dr.  Ephraim  Bowen,  a  promi- 
nent physician  and  patriot  prior  to  the  Revolution. 
Jabez  Bowen  died  in  1815.  The  portrait  represents 
him  as  a  young  man.  He  was  a  graduate  of  Yale 
University  and  returned  to  Providence,  where  he  be- 
came a  chancellor  of  Brown  University  for  thirty 
years.  A  lawyer  by  profession,  he  was  at  one  time 
Chief- Justice  of  the  Rhode  Island  Supreme  Court,  a 
member  of  the  Council  of  War,  delegate  to  the  Con- 
tinental Congress,  and  Deputy-Governor  during  the 
Revolutionary  period.  He  was  a  member  of  the 


62  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Society  of  the  Cincinnati.  He  entertained  at  his 
residence  in  Market  Square,  Providence,  Washington, 
Lafayette,  and  Rochambeau.  His  grave  is  in  the 
family  lot  at  Swan  Point  and  has  a  "Revolutionary 
Marker"  as  have  those  of  his  two  brothers,  Dr.  Wil- 
liam Bowen  and  Dr.  Pardon  Bowen.  A  third  broth- 
er, Col.  Eph.  Bowen,  was  of  the  party  that  destroyed 
the  "Gaspee"  and  is  buried  in  St.  John  Churchyard, 
Providence.  The  portrait  belongs  to  Mr.  Henry 
Bowen  of  Providence,  R.  I. 

MRS.  JABEZ  BOWEN 

This  portrait  is  companion  to  that  of  her  husband. 
She  was  Sarah,  daughter  of  Obadiah  Brown  of  Provi- 
dence, and  was  married  December  19,  1762.  This 
portrait  belongs  to  Mr.  Henry  Bowen  of  Providence. 

JAMES  BOWDOIN 

Governor  of  Massachusetts,  was  the  son  of  James 
Bowdoin,  a  member  of  the  Council,  who  died  in  1747, 
and  a  grandson  of  Pierre  Bowdoin,  who  emigrated  in 
1685  from  La  Rochelle.  Governor  Bowdoin  was  born 
in  1726.  He  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in 
1745,  and  died  in  1790.  His  ability  and  wealth  made 
him  one  of  the  distinguished  men  of  his  times.  His 
residence  was  at  the  corner  of  what  is  now  Tremont 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  63 

Row  and  Howard  Street.  He  was  a  Representa- 
tive three  years,  Member  of  the  Council  sixteen  years, 
and  Governor  two  years,  and  displayed  great  ex- 
ecutive ability,  especially  during  Shay's  Rebellion. 
He  married  Elizabeth,  Daughter  of  John  Erving.  He 
had  one  son,  James,  who  married  his  cousin,  Sarah 
Bowdoin,  and  one  daughter,  Elizabeth,  who  married 
Sir  John  Temple,  Bart.  The  eldest  daughter  of 
Lady  Temple  married  Hon.  Thomas  Lindall  Win- 
throp.  The  picture  at  present  belongs  to  Mrs. 
Robert  C.  Winthrop.  This  portrait  is  an  oval  minia- 
ture, face  in  profile  with  white  wig  and  dark  coat.  It 
was  probably  painted  about  1770. 

A  small  picture  of  Governor  Bowdoin,  about  seven 
by  ten  inches,  representing  him  as  standing  in  his 
library,  is  also  owned  by  Mrs.  R.  C.  Winthrop  of 
Boston. 

MRS.  MARY  BOWERS 

A  daughter  of  Joseph  Sherburne  of  Boston.  This 
picture  is  four-feet  six  inches  in  length,  by  three-feet 
nine  inches  in  width.  It  was  taken  at  the  age  of 
twenty-six  years.  Her  dress  is  of  white  satin,  with  a 
train  of  purple  velvet  edged  with  gold.  She  has  a 
Blenheim  spaniel  in  her  lap.  It  was  in  the  possession 
of  her  granddaughter,  Miss  Mary  Danforth  of  Boston. 


64  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

JUDGE  METCALF  BOWLER 

In  the  possession  of  Mrs.  William  C.  Snow,  Provi- 
dence, R.  I. 

MRS.  JUDGE  BOWLER 

Wife  of  Judge  Metcalf  Bowler,  of  Providence, 
R.  I.  The  size  of  this  picture  is  forty  by  fifty  inches. 
Mrs.  Bowler  is  represented  as  dressed  in  a  blue  satin 
robe,  the  sleeves  of  which  are  trimmed  with  lace. 
On  her  head  she  wears  a  Marie  Stuart  cap,  and  she 
has  a  sapphire  necklace  about  the  throat.  In  her 
hands  she  holds  a  garland  of  flowers.  The  picture 
was  in  the  possession  of  her  granddaughter,  Mrs. 
Robert  Bowler  of  Covington,  Kentucky. 

NICHOLAS  BOYLSTON 
(Three  Pictures) 

The  first  is  a  full  length,  and  represents  him  as 
dressed  in  a  blue  morning  robe  and  purple  cap. 

The  second,  dated  1767,  with  a  monogram,  is  of 
three-fourths  length,  in  a  green  morning  robe,  with 
ships  in  the  distance.  He  was  born  in  1716,  or  1717, 
and  died  in  1771.  He  was  one  of  the  benefactors  of 
Harvard  College,  and  founded  a  Professorship  of 
Rhetoric  and  Oratory,  of  which  John  Quincy  Adams 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  65 

was  the  first  professor.     These  pictures  are  in  the 
possession  of  Harvard  College. 

A  third  picture  of  this  gentleman  represents  him  as 
seated,  and  dressed  in  a  morning  robe  and  cap.  It 
is  of  three-fourths  length,  and  is  in  the  possession  of 
David  P.  Kimball  of  Boston. 

THOMAS  BOYLSTON 

This  picture  is  of  three-fourths  length.  The  dress 
is  a  morning  robe  with  a  white  satin  waistcoat.  He 
holds  a  pen  in  his  right  hand,  and  the  left  rests  upon 
the  back  of  a  chair.  It  is  at  Harvard  College. 

MRS.  THOMAS  BOYLSTON 

Is  painted  of  three-fourths  length,  sitting  in  a  chair, 
with  her  hands  crossed  upon  her  lap.  Her  dress  is  of 
gray  satin,  and  upon  her  head  is  a  white  cap.  In  the 
background  there  hangs  a  curtain.  Mrs.  Boylston 
died  February  1774.  This  picture  is  in  the  possession 
of  Harvard  College  and  was  presented  by  N.  W.  Boyl- 
ston. 

GENERAL  WILLIAM  BRATTLE 

Was  born  in  1702,  graduated  at  Harvard  College 

in  1722,  and  died  in  1776.     He  is  represented  in  full 

uniform  as  a  Major-General.     The  picture  is  signed 

"John  Singleton  Copley,  1756,"  Copley  being  at  that 


66  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

time  under  twenty  years  of  age.  It  belongs  to  the 
estate  of  Marjorie  C.  Appleton  and  is  now  in  the 
Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 


RICHARD  BROCKLESBY,  M.D.,  F.R.S. 

This  is  a  half  length,  standing  portrait,  of  the  cele- 
brated physician.  A  mezzotint  engraving  was  made 
by  Readley  in  1798.  Dr.  Brocklesby  was  born  in 
1722  and  died  in  1797.  He  enjoyed  the  intimate 
friendship  of  Burke  and  Dr.  Johnson  and  attended  the 
latter  in  his  last  illness. 


JOHN  BROWN 

This  is  a  comparatively  early  example  of  Copley's 
work.  The  subject  is  shown  at  life  size  and  full 
length  in  a  seated  position.  He  is  dressed  in  a  brown 
coat  elaborately  embroidered.  There  are  four  but- 
tons on  the  sleeves  which  also  show  lace.  His  right 
hand  is  partially  concealed  in  his  waistcoat  and  the 
left  hand  rests  at  the  side.  He  has  a  white  wig  and 
there  is  a  letter  with  seal  resting  on  a  table.  John 
Brown  was  prominent  in  the  affairs  of  Boston  during 
the  Revolutionary  period  and  was  Selectman  of 
Boston  in  1776.  The  portrait  belongs  to  Mrs.  A.  A. 
Pray  of  Boston. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  67 

MRS.  MARY  BARRON  BROWN 

Was  born  in  Charlestown,  August  20,  1726;  married 
Captain  Stephen  Brown  in  1746,  and  died  December 
22,  1801.  The  picture  measures  thirty-five  by  forty- 
one  inches.  Mrs.  Brown  is  represented  as  a  very 
handsome  woman  of  dark  complexion  with  black  hair 
and  black  eyes.  She  holds  a  flower  in  her  right  hand. 
She  is  sitting  with  her  hands  lying  in  her  lap,  a  lawn 
handkerchief  crosses  her  neck,  the  ends  passing  under 
a  band  of  velvet.  Her  dress  is  of  dark  blue  velvet, 
beautifully  painted,  with  sleeves  of  velvet  and  white 
lawn  with  ruffles.  The  background  shows  glimpses 
of  sky  and  water  and  a  large  tree.  This  fine  example 
of  Copley's  work  is  now  owned  by  Mr.  R.  M.  Pratt 
of  Boston. 

CAPTAIN  STEPHEN  BROWN 

The  size  of  this  picture  is  about  forty-nine  by 
thirty-five  inches.  It  represents  a  very  handsome 
man  of  large  stature,  rich  brown  complexion,  and 
large  black  eyes.  He  has  black  hair  brushed  off  from 
the  forehead  and  temples,  raised  a  little  in  the  middle, 
and  arranged  in  small  bunches  at  the  ears  in  the  style 
of  a  wig.  He  is  attired  in  a  single-breasted,  dark 
brown  coat,  with  a  very  narrow  collar,  and  narrow 
black  cravat  encircles  his  throat;  a  little  of  the  shirt 


68  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

just  appears  where  the  waistcoat  is  open  at  the  top. 
He  wears  a  very  long  dark  green  velvet  waistcoat, 
trimmed  with  narrow  gilt  braid.  The  sleeves  of  the 
coat  reach  about  three-fourths  of  the  length  of  the 
arms,  with  buttons  on  the  tops  of  the  cuffs;  a  small 
portion  of  the  shirt  sleeves  are  seen  below,  fastened 
with  gold  sleeve  buttons.  The  right  hand  is  holding 
the  coat  away,  and  rests  on  the  hip.  The  left  hand 
hangs  by  his  side  in  an  easy  position.  In  the  right 
of  the  picture  is  a  tree.  The  background  is  of  dark 
olive  green,  and  in  the  left,  an  island  with  a  few  trees 
upon  it,  and  beyond,  the  sea  and  a  ship.  Stephen 
Brown  and  Mary  Barren  were  married  at  Charles- 
town  by  the  Rev.  Hull  Abbott,  November  26,  1746. 
He  was  a  native  of  Ipswich  Hamlet,  now  Hamilton, 
and  the  son  of  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  there,  but 
resided  in  Charlestown  before  and  after  his  marriage. 
He  died  in  Edenton,  N.  C.,  at  the  age  of  thirty-two. 
The  portrait  belongs  to  R.  M.  Pratt  of  Boston. 

REV.  ARTHUR  BROWNE 

A  half  length  life  size  portrait,  representing  a  clergy- 
man of  the  Church  of  England  in  his  black  silk  robes 
and  bands.  He  was  born  in  England,  and  was  a 
missionary  to  this  country,  and  the  first  rector  of  St. 
John's  Church,  Portsmouth.  His  pastorate  con- 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  69 

tinued  for  thirty-seven  years.  He  was  distinguished 
for  his  learning  and  piety,  and  his  fine  countenance 
shows  him  to  have  been  a  man  of  powerful  intellect. 
It  is  in  the  General  Theological  Library,  Boston. 

MRS.  ARTHUR  BROWNE 

Wife  of  Rev.  Arthur  Browne.  A  companion  pic- 
ture to  that  of  her  husband,  representing  a  lady 
dressed  in  a  blue  silk  robe,  and  wearing  over  her 
shoulders  a  mantle  of  a  reddish  tinge.  This  picture 
was  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Charles  Burroughs, 
Portsmouth,  N.  H. 

ANNE  GARDINER  BROWNE 

The  Honorable  Mrs.  Arthur  Browne  was  born  in 
Boston  in  1741,  and  married  Hon.  Arthur  Browne, 
second  son  of  the  Earl  of  Altamont,  a  captain  in  the 
British  Army.  She  was  Anne,  daughter  of  Dr.  Syl- 
vester Gardiner,  and  was  a  celebrated  beauty  of  her 
time.  She  is  represented  as  wearing  a  white  satin 
dress  ornamented  with  pearls,  holding  in  her  left 
hand  a  pink  satin  mantle;  the  right  hand  gracefully 
extended;  a  landscape  is  on  the  right;  her  hair  is  not 
powdered,  and  a  curl  hangs  over  the  left  shoulder. 
This  picture  was  painted  in  England.  It  belongs  to 
Mr.  Robert  H.  Gardiner  of  Gardiner,  Maine. 


70  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Another  of  the  same  subject  was  in  the  possession 
of  her  grandson,  the  Marquis  of  Sligo. 

R.  G.  BRUCE 

Copley  painted  a  portrait  of  his  intimate  friend  and 
correspondent,  Captain  R.  G.  Bruce.  It  is  now  in 
England. 

JOHN  BURGUYN 

Emigrated  to  America  in  the  eighteenth  century, 
and  brought  with  him  a  considerable  fortune.  His 
residence  was  Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  where  he 
owned  a  very  large  landed  estate  and  from  whence  he 
carried  on  an  extensive  commercial  business,  having 
agents  in  London,  Bristol,  Hamburg,  and  Amster- 
dam. He  was  president  of  the  King's  Council  for  the 
State  of  North  Carolina,  a  man  of  great  influence  and 
of  high  character.  His  portrait  was  taken  in  England 
in  1783,  and  is  signed  in  full  by  the  artist.  In  his 
diary  he  mentioned  that  he  paid  his  friend  Copley 
eighty-three  guineas  for  it.  The  portrait  is  of  half 
length,  and  Mr.  Burguyn  is  represented  as  standing, 
holding  in  one  hand  a  book  and  in  the  other  a  pen; 
the  coat  is  of  dark  drab  color,  and  on  the  head  is  a 
white  wig.  This  picture  is  in  the  possession  of  a 
grandson,  Colonel  Henry  R.  Burguyn  of  Richmond, 
Virginia. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  71 

COLONEL  THADDEUS  BURR 

Of  Topsfield,  Conn.  A  picture  of  two- thirds 
length.  He  was  a  distinguished  gentleman  of  his 
times.  As  the  last  sitting  was  taken  just  before  a 
dinner  with  John  Hancock,  we  have  a  representation 
of  the  dress  appropriate  to  such  an  occasion,  which 
consists  of  a  brown  suit,  a  blue  satin  waistcoat  with 
silver  buttons,  and  with  ruffles  at  the  neck  and  wrists. 
It  belongs  to  Mrs.  H.  S.  Knapp  of  New  York. 

MRS.  THADDEUS  BURR 

Wife  of  Colonel  Thaddeus  Burr,  was  a  Miss  Eunice 
Dennie,  of  Boston.  Like  the  portrait  of  her  husband 
it  is  of  two-thirds  length;  the  dress  being  pink  damask, 
open  in  front,  showing  a  petticoat  of  white  satin, 
trimmed  with  silver  lace.  There  is  white  lace  on  the 
sleeves  and  at  the  neck.  It  belongs  to  Mrs.  H.  S. 
Knapp  of  New  York. 

DR.  MATHER  BYLES 

Born  in  Boston,  March  15,  1707.  He  was  de- 
scended on  his  mother's  side  from  Richard  Mather 
and  John  Cotton.  He  graduated  from  Harvard 
College  in  1725  and  was  ordained  minister  of  the  Hollis 
Street  Church  in  1733,  where  he  officiated  for  forty- 
three  years.  He  was  a  Tory  and  was  dismissed  from 
the  Hollis  Street  Church  in  1776.  He  died  in  Boston, 


72  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

July  5,  1788.  This  portrait  of  Dr.  Byles  is  a  com- 
paratively early  example  of  Copley's  work.  The 
size  is  twenty  by  twenty-four  inches,  and  it  is  in  the 
original  black  frame.  It  belongs  to  Mr.  F.  L.  Gay  of 
Brookline. 

There  is  a  much  later  portrait  of  Dr.  Byles,  painted 
in  1774,  at  sixty-eight  years  of  age.  In  this  picture 
he  wears  a  red  seal  ring,  made  very  prominent.  It  is 
owned  by  Dr.  Bruce  Almon  of  Hollis  Street,  Halifax. 

MATHER  BYLES,  JR. 

A  companion  picture  to  that  of  his  father.  The 
junior  Mather  Byles  graduated  from  Harvard  College 
in  1751,  and  for  fifteen  years  was  minister  of  a  church 
in  New  London ;  he  went  to  England  and  took  orders 
in  the  Church  of  England,  and  on  his  return  here  was 
chosen  rector  of  Christ  Church,  Boston.  In  1776, 
when  the  British  troops  evacuated  Boston,  he  went 
to  Halifax  and  was  made  chaplain  to  the  garrison. 
He  was  later  the  rector  of  a  church  in  St.  John,  N.  B., 
where  he  died  in  1814  at  the  age  of  eighty. 

GEORGE  CABOT 

A  small  pastel  drawing  is  in  the  house  formerly 
occupied  at  Brookline  by  Colonel  Henry  Lee.  It 
represents  the  subject  at  the  age  of  sixteen  years. 
George  Cabot  was  born  in  Salem,  December  3,  1751. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  73 

He  left  Harvard  College  in  his  second  year  and  went 
to  sea.  He  became  master  of  a  vessel.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Provincial  Congress  in  1776,  of  the 
State  Convention  in  1788,  and  was  Senator  from  1791 
to  1796.  He  was  the  first  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 
from  May  3  to  May  21,  1798.  He  was  elected  to  the 
Massachusetts  Council  in  1808  and  chosen  president 
of  the  Hartford  Convention  in  1814.  He  died  in 
Boston,  April  18,  1823. 

MRS.  JOSEPH  CALIF 

Was  a  daughter  of  Dominicus  Jordan  of  Scarboro. 
She  was  born  in  1701  and  died  in  1772.  The  picture 
is  of  life  size  and  nearly  full  length,  and  represents  her 
as  dressed  in  a  dead-leaf  colored  satin,  the  bodice, 
waist,  and  sleeves  of  which  are  trimmed  with  deep 
falls  of  rich  lace.  On  her  head  is  a  lace  cap  and  in 
one  hand  she  holds  a  book.  It  is  signed  and  dated 
1765,  and  was  in  the  possession  of  Charles  E.  Miller, 
Milton. 

LORD  CAMPERDOWN 

The  portrait  of  Viscount  Duncan,  afterwards 
created  Lord  Camperdown,  was  exhibited  in  the 
Royal  Academy  in  1798.  It  was  sold  at  the  Lynd- 
hurst  sale  together  with  a  second  portrait. 


74  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  CARR 

This  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  late  English  work. 
It  is  a  portrait  of  a  beautiful  woman,  her  hair  dressed 
high  and  falling  over  the  right  shoulder.  She  is  in 
a  seated  position,  the  figure  shown  at  half  length  with 
hands  crossed  in  her  lap.  It  is  in  the  Liechtenstein 
Gallery,  Vienna. 

MRS.  WILLIAM  CARSON 

A  letter  from  William  Carson,  to  Copley  dated 
Newport,  August  16,  1772,  speaks  of  a  portrait  as 
follows:  "The  longer  I  look,  the  better  I  am  pleased. 
I  discover  new  beauties  every  day,  and  what  was  con- 
sidered as  blemishes,  now  raises  the  most  exalted 
ideas  of  the  perfection  of  the  painter  and  painting 
to  the  life.  Mrs.  Carson's  picture,  which  is  by  much 
the  most  natural  and  just  painting  I  have  seen  of 
yours,  only  shows  what  you  are  capable  of  executing." 
The  whereabouts  of  this  portrait  is  unknown. 

SAMUEL  CARY 

An  oval  miniature  on  ivory.  It  belongs  to  Miss 
Hester  Cunningham  and  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's 
miniature  work. 

MRS.  SAMUEL  CARY 

She  was  Sarah  Gray.  It  is  a  companion  picture 
to  that  of  her  husband;  both  are  very  beautifully 
painted.  It  belongs  to  Miss  Hester  Cunningham. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  75 

REV.  THOMAS  GARY 

This  picture  is  of  life  size.  The  dress  is  a  flowered 
robe.  The  style  of  the  hair  is  plain,  and  is  cut  short. 
The  scene  is  a  library,  and  the  figure  is  seated,  with 
the  hands  crossed  on  an  open  Bible.  Mr.  Gary  was  a 
clergyman,  and  was  born  at  Charlestown,  October  7, 
1745.  He  was  ordained  at  Newburyport,  May  n, 
1768  and  died  there  November  24,  1808.  He  was  the 
son  of  Samuel  Gary  and  Margaret  Graves.  The 
picture  belongs  to  Miss  E.  F.  Gary  of  Cambridge. 

Miss  CATTEN 

The  size  of  this  picture  is  three-fourths  length. 
The  lady  is  dressed  in  a  rich  blue  silk,  cut  square  at 
the  throat.  She  is  sitting,  with  her  hand  resting  on  a 
table.  This  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 
Hayden  of  Boston. 

MR.  CAWTHORNE 

A  portrait  of  this  gentleman  was  exhibited  at  the 
Royal  Academy  in  1805. 

PETER  CHARDON 

A  colored  crayon  of  half  length.  He  is  dressed  in 
the  gown,  bands,  and  wig  of  an  English  lawyer. 
Peter  Chardon  was  born  in  Boston,  and  came  from 
one  of  the  Huguenot  families,  driven  from  France  by 


76  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

the  revocation  of  the  Edict  of  Nantes.     This  picture 
was  owned  by  Edward  Brooks,  Boston. 

DEATH  OF  CHATHAM 

This  celebrated  picture  is  in  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery.  It  contains  forty-five  different  portraits, 
and  was  engraved  by  Bartolozzi.  Twenty-five  hun- 
dred copies  were  published  and  sold.  The  first 
sketch  of  this  picture  was  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst  sale 
and  is  now  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter,  and  a 
second  finished  sketch  was  at  one  time  shown  in  the 
Boston  Art  Museum.  There  was  also  another  sketch 
owned  by  Lyman  H.  Tasker  of  Greenwood,  Mass. 

A  highly  finished  study  in  oil  of  the  heads  for  the 
picture  belongs  to  Mr.  Copley  Amory. 

CHARLES  STUART,  KING  OF  ENGLAND 
This  large  picture  of  the  king  demanding  the  Sur- 
render of  the  five  Members,  commenced  in  1785, 
and  completed  in  1791.  There  are  fifty-eight  like- 
nesses all  taken  from  contemporary  portraits.  It  was 
purchased  by  a  number  of  Boston  admirers  of  Copley 
for  fifteen  hundred  pounds,  and  now  hangs  in  the 
Trustees'  Room  of  the  Boston  Public  Library.  Two 
sketches  for  this  picture  were  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst 
sale,  one  of  which,  highly  finished  is  owned  by  Lord 
Aberdare,  Eaton  Square,  London. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  77 

MRS.  MIRIAM  (KILBY)  CLARK 

This  picture  is  of  life  size.  She  is  sitting  in  a  large 
chair.  Her  hair  is  black  and  the  eyes  and  complexion 
dark.  She  seems  to  be  between  fifty  and  sixty  years 
of  age.  Her  dress  is  of  brown  satin,  with  sleeves  to 
the  elbow,  and  ornamented  with  ruffles.  She  wears 
a  simple  muslin  Quaker  cap  on  her  head,  and  a  muslin 
half  handkerchief  on  her  neck.  The  dress  is  open  in 
front.  She  was  born  about  1700  and  married  Mr. 
Benjamin  Clark.  The  picture  is  in  Copley's  early 
manner  and  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Andrew  C. 
Wheelwright,  and  lent  to  the  Boston  Museum  of 
Fine  Arts. 

DR.  JOHN  CLARKE 

This  picture  is  of  three-fourths  length.  The  sub- 
ject is  dressed  in  black  velvet,  with  a  white  wig  and 
stockings,  and  sits  by  a  table  on  which  stands  the 
manikin.  He  was  a  distinguished  physician  of  large 
fortune  and  great  benevolence,  practicing  principally 
for  his  own  satisfaction,  and  thence  was  known  in 
Boston  as  "The  poor  man's  physician."  The  por- 
trait was  in  the  possession  of  his  great-grandson, 
Peter  Wainwright,  but  was  burned  in  the  great  Boston 
fire  of  1872. 


78  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  JOHN  CLARKE 

She  was  Elizabeth  Braeme.  A  companion  picture 
to  his.  She  is  dressed  in  green  silk,  with  pearl  orna- 
ments on  the  neck  and  hair.  The  right  hand  rests 
on  a  table,  while  the  left  holds  a  book.  Her  hair  is 
dressed  without  powder.  The  portrait  was  in  the 
possession  of  her  great-grandson,  Peter  Wainwright, 
but  was  burned  in  the  Boston  fire  of  1872. 

WILLIAM  CLARKE 

Son  of  Dr.  John  Clarke.  The  picture  is  of  three- 
fourths  length.  He  is  dressed  in  a  rich  pearl-colored 
suit,  handsomely  laced,  with  a  white  wig.  He  holds 
his  left  hand  on  his  hip,  and  there  are  a  cottage  and 
trees  in  the  distance.  Mr.  William  Clarke  was  a  man 
of  fortune,  having  no  profession.  The  portrait  was 
in  the  possession  of  his  great  nephew,  Peter  Wain- 
wright, but  was  burned  in  the  fire  at  Boston  in  1872. 

RICHARD  CLARKE 

Was  a  distinguished  merchant  of  Boston.  He 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1729.  A  deter- 
mined loyalist,  he  was  an  addresser  of  Hutchinson 
and  Gage,  and  was  proscribed  and  banished.  To 
him  was  consigned  the  tea  which  was  destroyed  in 
Boston  by  the  celebrated  tea  party.  His  sons  were 
Richard  and  Isaac;  and  his  daughters  were  Susan 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  79 

who  married  John  Singleton  Copley,  Mary,  who 
married  Judge  Samuel  Barrett,  Sarah,  who  married 
Mr.  Startin,  and  Hannah,  who  married  Colonel  Hen- 
ry Bromfield  of  Harvard,  Mass.  His  portrait,  which 
is  admirably  painted,  is  in  the  Family  Picture,  and 
represents  him  as  a  man  of  commanding  presence. 

WILLIAM  CLELAND 

A  miniature  of  this  gentleman  is  in  the  Boston 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  the  gift  of  Miss  Hannah  E. 
Austin. 

JOHN  CODMAN 

Who  was  married  to  Abigail  Ashbury,  nee  Soley. 
This  picture  is  grave  in  color.  The  subject  is  in  a 
sitting  posture.  The  dress  is  a  plain  buttoned  coat, 
and  he  wears  white  stockings  and  a  white  wig.  The 
background  is  a  curtain,  a  column,  and  some  sky, 
the  blue  of  which  is  echoed  by  the  color  of  the  stuff 
that  covers  the  chair,  the  only  yellow  in  the  picture 
being  the  brass  nails  in  the  chair.  The  left  hand  is 
remarkably  well  drawn,  even  for  Copley.  The  right 
hand  is  thrust  into  the  breast  of  the  coat.  The  pic- 
ture belongs  to  Miss  M.  C.  Codman,1  Washington, 
D.  C. 

There  is  a  fine  portrait  of  this  gentleman,  who  was  ' 
the  father  of  Rev.  John  Codman,  painted  in  Tor- 


8o  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

quay,  England  and  in  Copley's  latest  manner.  It 
formerly  belonged  to  Capt.  John  Codman  and  is 
now  in  England  in  the  possession  of  Capt.  Codman's 
granddaughter,  to  go  ultimately  to  the  Massachusetts 
Historical  Society,  according  to  Capt.  Codman's  will. 

REV.  JOHN  CODMAN 

He  was  born  January  17,  1755,  and  died  May  17, 
1803.  He  was  the  son  of  John  and  Abigail  Codman, 
and  married  Margaret  Russell,  July  15,  1781.  A 
portrait  of  this  gentleman,  who  was  pastor  of  the 
White  Church,  was  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy 
in  1808,  and  is  now  owned  by  Bishop  Robert  Codman 
of  Portland,  Maine. 

RICHARD  CODMAN 

This  picture  is  of  life  size  and  the  figure  is  seated. 
It  is  of  three-fourths  length.  The  great  point  of 
merit  in  the  picture  is  the  drawing  of  the  hands,  which 
are  holding  a  letter  very  naturally  and  gracefully. 
The  subject  of  this  portrait  was  born  in  Charles  town, 
Mass.,  in  1762,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1782, 
and  died  unmarried  in  1807.  The  picture  was 
painted  about  1790  while  Mr.  Codman  was  in  Eng- 
land. He  passed  a  great  part  of  his  life  in  France, 
where  he  made  the  beautiful  collection  of  foreign 
pictures  now  in  the  possession  of  his  family.  The 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  81 

portrait  is  now  owned  by  his  great  nephew,  Richard 
Codman,  West  Roxbury,  Mass. 

THOMAS  ASTON  COFFIN 

Represented  as  a  child  of  five  years  of  age.  He  was 
born  in  Boston  in  1754,  graduated  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege in  1772,  and  died  in  London  in  1810.  He  was 
the  Assistant-Commissary  to  the  British  Army,  with 
Brook  Watson,  under  Sir  Guy  Carleton,  and  con- 
tinued with  Sir  Guy  after  he  became  Lord  Dor- 
chester. He  was  finally  promoted  to  be  Commis- 
sary-General of  the  British  Army.  He  left  one 
daughter,  the  wife  of  Dr.  Edward  Hutchinson  Rob- 
bins,  of  Boston.  He  is  dressed  in  a  low  necked  sacque 
of  green  satin,  over  a  dress  of  white  satin,  richly 
embroidered  with  lace,  and  with  ruffles  at  the  wrists. 
In  his  plump  and  pretty  right  hand  he  holds  two 
cherries,  while  on  his  left  are  two  white  turtle  doves. 
The  plumes  of  his  hat  are  seen  behind  the  left  hand. 
On  the  floor  are  battledores  and  shuttlecocks,  and 
in  the  background  is  a  pond  and  trees.  The  portrait 
belongs  to  Miss  Nancy  Craig  Wharton  of  Boston. 

MRS.  COFFIN 

This  picture  is  of  half  length.  The  dress  is  cut 
square,  with  a  lace  berthe  ornamented  in  front  with 
three  bows.  The  color  of  the  dress  is  steel  gray. 


82  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

The  hair  and  eyes  are  dark  and  on  the  head  is  a  frilled 
cap.  Around  her  neck  are  three  rows  of  pearls.  The 
portrait  belongs  to  W.  D.  Sohier  of  Boston. 

LORD  COLCHESTER 

Charles  Abbot,  First  Baron  Colchester,  was  born 
1757  and  died  1829.  This  portrait  is  in  England. 

A  CONVERSATION 

The  first  picture  exhibited  by  Copley  in  1776  was  a 
picture  by  the  above  title. 

MYLES  COOPER,  D.D. 

There  are  two  portraits  at  Columbia  University, 
one  of  which  is  probably  a  replica.  In  a  letter  to 
Copley  from  Cooper,  dated  New  York,  August  5, 1768, 
Cooper  mentions  sending  the  price  of  the  portrait,  wz., 
7  guineas  and  his  Gown-Hood  and  Band  in  order  that 
Copley  might  finish  the  drapery.  A  copy  of  it  is  in 
the  New  York  Historical  Society.  He  was  born  in 
England  in  1735,  and  graduated  from  Oxford  in  1760. 
In  1762  he  was  sent  to  America  as  assistant  to  the 
Rev.  William  Johnson,  second  President  of  Kings 
College,  now  Columbia  College.  In  1763,  on  the 
resignation  of  President  Johnson,  he  became  his 
successor.  He  visited  England  1771  to  1774,  and 
after  his  return  became  such  an  outspoken  loyalist 
that  he  was  obliged  to  flee  on  an  English  war  vessel. 
He  died  in  Scotland,  May  i,  1785. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  83 

REV.  SAMUEL  COOPER,  D.D. 

Born  in  1725.  Graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1743  and  was  pastor  of  Brattle  Street  Church  at  the 
age  of  twenty.  He  was  first  vice-president  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences  and  was  an 
intimate  friend  and  correspondent  of  Franklin.  Cop- 
ley painted  several  pictures  of  this  distinguished 
divine.  One  very  fine  one  of  half  length,  with  wig 
and  bands,  is  in  the  possession  of  Justice  Oliver  Wen- 
dell Holmes. 

Two  other  portraits  were  in  the  possession  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Lothrop,  pastor  of  Brattle  Street  Church, 
the  finer  one,  belonging  to  the  Doctor  himself,  the 
other  probably  a  copy. 

Another  portrait  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Mass- 
achusetts Historical  Society. 

There  was  a  crayon  likeness  of  Dr.  Cooper  in  the 
possession  of  his  grandson,  Mr.  Hixon  of  New  York 
City,  and  another,  possibly  by  Copley,  in  Memorial 
Hall,  Harvard  College. 

There  is  a  portrait  in  Copley's  best  American  man- 
ner, representing  the  subject  in  his  clerical  robes,  with 
white  wig,  and  face  slightly  turned.  The  picture  is  of 
half  length,  measuring  twenty-five  by  thirty  inches, 
and  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Martin  Taylor  of 
Worcester. 


84  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Miss  COOPER 

A  pastel  portrait  of  the  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Sam- 
uel Cooper  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Taylor  of 
Worcester. 

JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

A  life  size  head,  painted  by  himself,  with  a  powder- 
ed wig,  and  wearing  a  red  coat.  It  is  in  the  possession 
of  Mrs.  G.  G.  Hammond  of  Boston. 

There  is  another,  a  crayon,  twenty-three  inches  by 
seventeen.  In  this  he  wears  a  pale  green  coat,  lined 
with  blue,  a  brown  embroidered  waistcoat,  and  a  lace 
cravat,  with  his  hair  powdered.  It  is  owned  by 
Harcourt  Amory  of  Boston. 

A  small  oval  portrait  of  Copley,  painted  in  England 
is  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston. 

A  beautiful  miniature  of  Copley  by  himself  is  owned 
by  Henry  Copley  Greene  and  lent  to  the  Boston 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  Copley  by  himself  in  the  New 
York  Historical  Society.  He  is  dressed  in  red,  with 
lace  at  the  neck,  face  turned  toward  the  front,  and  is 
represented  as  engaged  at  his  easel.  He  holds  a 
pallette  and  brushes  in  his  left  hand  and  a  brush  in 
his  right  hand.  It  is  a  very  fine  example. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  85 

MRS.  COPLEY 

She  was  Susan,  daughter  of  Richard  Clarke,  and 
is  represented  in  this  picture  as  wearing  a  low-necked 
blue  dress.  Her  hair  is  drawn  back  over  a  cushion, 
and  decorated  with  flowers.  This  picture  now  be- 
longs to  Harcourt  Amory  of  Boston. 

There  is  a  small  oval  pastel  portrait  of  Mrs.  Sus- 
annah Copley,  the  wife  of  the  artist,  in  the  possession 
of  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter. 

There  is  also  a  study  in  sepia  of  Mrs.  Copley  and 
her  two  children  for  the  family  picture.  It  was  in  the 
possession  of  John  Singleton  Copley  Greene,  who  had 
also  several  other  studies  and  beautiful  drawings  now 
destroyed. 

SUSANNAH  COPLEY 

Child  of  Copley  who  died  at  nine  years  of  age.  It 
was  painted  shortly  before  her  death.  The  subject 
is  shown  with  a  large  hat  which  casts  a  shadow  over 
the  brow.  The  picture  is  in  an  oval  frame.  A 
photograph  of  the  picture  is  at  the  Boston  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts.  It  is  in  England.  There  is  a  sketch  of 
this  picture  in  this  country. 

CORNWALLIS 

There  is  a  fine  half  length  standing  portrait  of 
Charles,  Marquis  Cornwallis,  painted  in  1805.  He  is 


86  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

dressed  in  full  uniform,  his  left  hand  holding  his  glove 
and  resting  on  a  rock,  his  right  hand  holding  a  cane. 
A  landscape  background  is  seen  beyond  a  huge  rock, 
used  as  a  background.  It  is  in  the  Guildhall,  London. 

Another  portrait  of  Cornwallis  is  a  picture  twenty- 
five  by  thirty  inches.  He  is  dressed  in  the  uniform 
of  a  British  General.  It  is  owned  by  Peter  C. 
Brooks  of  Boston. 

Copley  also  made  a  miniature  of  Cornwallis,  ac- 
cording to  Williamson's  History  of  Miniatures. 

MADAM  COTTON 

Madam  Cotton  was  a  resident  of  Sandwich,  Mass. 
There  was  a  portrait  of  her  husband,  but  its  where- 
abouts are  unknown.  She  wears  a  greenish  blue  silk 
dress,  loose  sleeves,  neck  cut  square,  and  a  rosette  on 
her  head.  She  is  seated  in  a  chair  with  fan  in  her 
hand,  and  there  is  a  column  at  the  left  of  the  picture. 
The  size  is  forty  by  fifty  inches,  and  it  is  owned  by  H. 
J.  Hayden  of  New  York.  This  portrait  belonged  to 
the  Rev.  Abraham  Williams  of  Sandwich,  Mass.,  and 
is  supposed  to  have  been  given  to  him  by  Madam 
Cotton.  It  has  always  been  in  the  family  of  Mr. 
Williams,  who  was  Mr.  Hayden's  great  grandfather. 

HON.  THOMAS  CRANSTON 

He  was  grandson  of  Governor  Saul  Cranston  of 
Rhode  Island,  and  served  in  the  General  Assembly 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  87 

of  Rhode  Island  before  the  Revolution.  The  picture 
is  three-quarters  length,  the  figure  standing  with  right 
hand  resting  on  his  hip  and  left  on  the  back  of  a  chair. 
He  wears  a  white  waistcoat.  The  portrait  is  owned 
by  W.  U.  Hidden  of  Providence,  R.  I. 

MRS.  THOMAS  CRANSTON 

The  portrait  of  this  handsome  woman,  who  was 
Mary  Coggesnall,  is  one  of  Copley's  best.  It  possess- 
es all  the  charm  of  grace  and  delicacy  characteristic 
of  his  finest  examples.  She  is  dressed  in  a  violet 
color  silk,  with  a  lace  kerchief  over  the  shoulders, 
sleeves  lace-trimmed  and  lace  cap,  two  white  satin 
bows  on  the  front  of  her  corsage,  and  a  double  row  of 
pearls  encircles  her  neck.  It  is  three-quarters  length 
and  life  size,  and  belongs  to  Mr.  D.  Berkeley  Updike 
of  Boston. 

Miss  RHODA  CRANSTON 

A  portrait  of  a  beautifully  dressed  lady,  of  three- 
quarter  length.  Her  robe  is  of  pink  silk  and  she  holds 
a  spray  of  flowers.  The  picture  has  a  landscape 
background.  It  is  owned  by  Mr.  D.  Berkeley  Up- 
dike of  Boston.  Miss  Cranston  became  the  wife  of 
Rev.  Luke  Babcock. 

CANDACE  CRAWFORD 

In  regard  to  this  picture,  Mr.  Allen  says:  "All  the 
knowledge  I  have  of  the  ancient  portrait  of  Candace 


88  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Crawford  was  obtained  from  her  sister,  Mrs.  Thorpe, 
and  her  daughter,  Mrs.  Henry  Smith.  They  told 
me  more  than  sixty-five  years  ago  that  it  was  one  of 
the  earliest  paintings  of  Mr*  Copley,  the  celebrated 
artist.  The  date  of  the  portrait  was  not  stated  to  me. 
Miss  Crawford  was  born  in  1746;  and  the  likeness 
represents  a  maiden  of  about  twenty  years,  wearing 
a  tasteful  flounced  blue  silk  dress,  and  a  purple  rose 
in  her  bosom.  On  the  supposition  that  the  age  of  the 
lady  was  twenty,  this  would  allow  the  date  of  the 
picture  to  be  about  1766.  The  work  is  done  in  good 
taste,  both  in  the  style  of  drapery  and  drawing." 
The  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  Zachariah  Allen 
of  Providence,  R.  I. 

CUPID  CARESSING  VENUS 

This  picture  was  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst  sale  in 
London  in  1864,  and  is  now  owned  by  Mrs.  F. 
Gordon  Dexter.  The  two  portraits  are  those  of  Mrs. 
Copley  and  the  infant  Lord  Lyndhurst.  Mrs.  Cop- 
ley as  Venus  has  pale  golden  hair,  bound  with  blue. 

SUSANNA  GRIGGS  DALTON 

This  portrait  of  the  first  wife  of  Peter  Roe  Dalton 
is  a  charming  example  of  Copley's  middle  American 
period.  It  measures  about  thirty  by  forty  inches  and 
is  half  length,  life  size,  and  shows  the  lady  as  standing. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  89 

She  is  represented  in  short  sleeves  with  lace  at  the 
elbow  and  also  an  edging  for  the  otherwise  plain 
dress.  Her  hair  is  brushed  back  from  her  forehead 
and  she  holds  in  both  hands  a  basket  of  grapes.  There 
is  a  landscape  background.  Susanna  Griggs  Dalton 
had  four  children,  three  of  whom  died  young.  This 
portrait  belongs  to  George  N.  Black  of  Boston. 

REV.  EDMUND  DANA 

Was  born  at  Cambridge  in  1739,  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1759.  He  was  Vicar  of  Wroxeter, 
Salop,  and  married  the  Hon.  Helen,  daughter  of 
Charles,  sixth  Lord  Kinnaird.  This  picture  is  of  full 
length,  and  is  beautifully  colored.  The  subject  is 
dressed  in  a  crimson  velvet  morning  gown,  with  white 
small  clothes,  stockings,  and  wears  a  dark  velvet  cap. 
This  picture  was  unfortunately  destroyed  about  1840. 

RICHARD  DANA 

The  father  of  Chief-Justice  Francis  Dana.  The 
size  of  this  picture  is  four^feet  two  inches  in  length 
by  three-feet  two  inches  in  width.  Mr.  Dana  is 
dressed  in  the  wig,  bands,  and  black  robe  of  a  bar- 
rister of  the  eighteenth  century.  He  was  born  in 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  August  7,  1699;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1718;  married  a  sister  of  Edward 
Trowbridge;  and  died  in  Boston,  May  17,  1772.  He 


90  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

took  a  prominent  part  in  the  movements  which  pre- 
ceded the  Revolution.  He  it  was  who  in  the  presence 
of  a  great  assemblage  of  angry  towns  people,  standing 
under  the  Liberty  Tree,  administered  the  oath  to 
Secretary  Oliver,  that  he  had  not  distributed  and 
would  not  distribute  the  odious  stamps,  nor  enforce 
the  hateful  act  of  the  British  Parliament.  This  fine 
picture  is  in  the  possession  of  Richard  Dana  of  Cam- 
bridge. 

Copley  painted  a  duplicate  which  is  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  descendants  of  Mr.  Dana  in  England,  and 
is  said  to  be  the  better  of  the  two. 

JUDGE  DANFORTH 

It  is  a  matter  of  record  that  a  portrait  in  miniature 
on  copper  of  this  eminent  jurist  was  left  by  the  will  of 
Miss  Elizabeth  Sherburne  Blowers  Danforth  of 
Boston. 

MRS.  ANSTICE  DAVIS 

Was  a  daughter  of  Sheriff  Stephen  Greenleaf,  and  a 
sister  of  Mrs.  John  Apthorp.  This  portrait  rep- 
resents her  as  a  young  and  beautiful  woman.  It  is 
excellent  both  as  respects  drawing  and  coloring,  and 
was  in  the  possession  of  a  relative,  Mrs.  S.  G.  Bui- 
finch  of  Cambridge. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  91 

MRS.  MEHITABLE  MAY  DA  WES 

The  portrait  of  this  lady,  who  was  the  daughter  of 
Samuel  May  of  Boston,  measures  about  twenty-five 
by  thirty  inches  and  is  not  completely  finished.  She 
is  represented  with  a  large  hat  very  high  in  the  crown 
with  a  large  bow  of  ribbon  on  the  front  and  ends 
hanging  at  the  side.  A  curl  hangs  over  the  left 
shoulder.  The  dress  is  cut  low  in  the  neck  and  sleeves 
and  is  trimmed  with  lace  reaching  to  the  elbow.  She 
was  born  in  1751  and  died  October  28,  1793.  Her 
husband  was  William  Dawes,  whom  she  married  in 
1768.  They  lived  prior  to  the  Revolution  at  64  Ann 
Street,  Boston.  The  portrait  is  now  in  the  possession 
of  A.  N.  Holland  of  Concord,  Mass. 

JUDGE  THOMAS  DAWES 

This  portrait,  which  has  always  been  in  the  family, 
according  to  his  grandson,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Dawes, 
of  Brewster,  Mass.,  represents  him  as  a  boy  dressed 
in  the  fashion  of  the  times,  with  his  hat  under  his 
arm  and  an  orange  in  his  hand.  The  picture  is  about 
four  feet  long  by  three  feet  wide.  Judge  Dawes  was 
born  in  1757  and  was  a  graduate  of  Harvard  College 
in  1777.  He  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Wil- 
liam, and  granddaughter  of  the  Rev.  Daniel  Green- 
leaf.  He  was  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 


92  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Massachusetts  from  1792  to  1802,  when  he  resigned. 
He  was  afterwards  appointed  Judge  of  Probate  for 
Suffolk,  and  held  that  office  until  1822.  He  died  in 
1825.  This  portrait  is  the  property  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Dawes,  and  is  in  the  possession  of  his  sister, 
Mrs.  Minot. 

MRS.  DEAS  AND  CHILDREN 

This  group  picture  consists  of  four  female  figures 
and  a  dog,  and  represents  Mrs.  John  Hartley,  Mrs. 
Deas  and  children,  one  of  whom  became  Mrs.  John 
Ward  and  the  other  Mrs.  William  Somersall.  The 
smallest  child  is  in  a  pink  dress,  the  oldest  girl  in  gray 
silk  with  a  blue  sash,  the  elderly  woman  is  in  black 
with  white  neck  scarf  and  bonnet.  The  mother  is 
in  the  background  and  the  child  about  six  years  old 
in  the  foreground.  This  picture  was  exhibited  at  the 
Metropolitan  Art  Museum  during  the  Hudson-Ful- 
ton celebration  in  1909.  Size,  fifty  by  seventy-six 
inches,  and  owned  by  D.  Maitland  Armstrong,  of 
New  York. 

DEATH  OF  MAJOR  PIERSON 

This  large  picture  hangs  in  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery.  The  female  figure  with  the  child  in  her  arms 
was  painted  from  a  nurse  in  the  Copley  family.  The 
figure  between  her  and  the  wall  is  Mrs.  Copley,  and  a 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  93 

boy  in  green  running  by  the  side  of  the  nurse  is  young 
Copley.  It  has  been  engraved  by  Heath.  The  first 
sketch  for  this  picture  was  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst  Sale 
in  1864,  and  the  original  picture  was  painted  for 
Alderman  Boydell,  but  was  repurchased  by  Copley. 
It  was  bought  at  the  Lyndhurst  Sale  for  £1,600. 

There  is  a  portfolio  of  first  sketches  for  this  picture 
in  the  possession  of  Lord  Aberdare  at  his  London 
house. 

GILBERT  DEBLOIS 

Was  a  distinguished  merchant  of  Boston,  a  deter- 
mined loyalist,  holding  offices  under  the  British 
Government.  He  built  the  fine  old  mansion  known 
as  the  De  Blois  house,  which  stood  where  the  Horti- 
cultural Hall  now  is.  An  addresser  of  Governor 
Hutchinson  in  1774  and  of  Governor  Gage  in  1775, 
in  1778  he  was  proscribed  and  banished.  In  1794 
he  presented  an  address  to  King  George  III.,  in 
London,  where  he  remained  for  many  years,  and 
where  the  picture  was  painted.  Mr.  De  Blois  is 
represented  sitting  partly  in  profile,  dressed  in  a 
brown  coat  with  a  white  wig.  His  right  hand  rests 
upon  a  table  in  front  of  him,  holding  a  pen,  and  over 
his  head  is  a  crimson  curtain,  with  sky  in  the  back- 
ground. It  is  a  fine  specimen  of  Copley's  latest 
manner.  It  now  belongs  to  Mrs.  C.  H.  Parker  of 
Boston. 


94  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MAJOR-GENERAL  DE  LA  MOTTE 

A  fine  study  head  made  for  the  "Siege  of  Gibraltar," 
of  life  size,  is  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter. 

MRS.  ELIZABETH  DE  LANCEY 

A  portrait  of  this  lady  who  was  the  mother  of 
Mrs.  Ralph  Izard,  measuring  twenty-five  by  thirty 
inches,  said  to  be  by  Copley,  was  sold  at  auction 
in  1912. 

MRS.  LANFREY  DELISLE 

Was  Bathsheba,  daughter  of  Judge  Metcalf  Bowler. 
She  married  a  French  gentleman  who  came  to  this 
country  with  Lafayette.  By  a  letter  from  her 
dated  1785,  we  learn  that  she  arrived  at  the  country 
seat  of  her  father-in-law,  near  Grenoble,  in  safety,  and 
was  most  kindly  received  by  her  husband's  family. 
The  marriage  seems  to  have  been  a  very  happy  one. 
Her  portrait  is  a  miniature  on  ivory,  one  and  one- 
quarter  inches  long  by  one  inch  wide.  It  was  taken 
before  her  marriage  and  represents  the  head  and 
shoulders  of  a  young  lady,  with  her  hair  rolled  back, 
dressed  with  flowers.  Her  dress  is  of  pink,  with  a 
"bouquet  de  corsage."  The  portrait  was  in  the 
possession  of  her  grand-niece,  Mrs.  M.  Knight, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  95 

DR.  DE  MOUNTFORT 

The  size  of  this  picture  is  twenty-five  inches  by 
thirty,  and  represents  a  child  with  hair  powdered,  a 
blue  coat,  and  a  yellow  waistcoat.  In  the  back- 
ground are  rocks  and  the  sea.  The  boy  holds  in  his 
hand  a  wreath  of  flowers.  This  picture  is  signed  J.  S. 
Copley,  1753,  and  is  especially  interesting,  as  it  must 
have  been  painted  when  the  artist  was  under  sixteen 
years  of  age.  It  is  almost  the  earliest  known  speci- 
men of  Copley's  work,  and  is  in  the  family  of  Mrs. 
C.  D.  Farlean  of  Detroit,  Mich. 

MRS.  RICHARD  DERBY 

First  wife  of  Richard  Derby.  This  is  a  very  large 
picture,  in  Copley's  latest  manner,  of  a  lady  dressed 
in  white,  ornamented  with  gold.  She  is  represented 
as  St.  Cecilia,  playing  on  a  harp,  and  angels  are 
flying  in  the  air  above  her.  It  is  signed  and  dated 
1806,  and  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Miss  Marjorie  C. 
Appleton. 

MRS.  DEVEREUX 

Copley  painted  a  portrait  of  a  lady  by  the  name  of 
Devereux  in  1771.  Copley  says  in  a  letter  to  John 
Greenwood,  the  painter  and  engraver,  under  date 
of  January  25,  1771,  "No  engagement  should  have 
hindered  me  from  answering  your  favour,  had  I  not 


96  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

fully  intended  to  have  finished  Mrs.  Devereux'  por- 
trait for  Captain  Sims  to  have  carried,  but  was  pre- 
vented from  my  design  by  several  circumstances, 
the  most  material  that  of  the  weather  being  so  hot 
as  to  make  it  inconvenient  for  the  old  lady  to  come 


to  town.': 


JOHN  DOUGLAS 

This  is  an  excellent  example  of  Copley's  English 
portraiture.  Although  an  American,  John  Douglas 
resided  in  England  during  the  early  part  of  the  iQth 
century.  His  wife  was  Lydia  Lapham.  The  picture 
measures  twenty-five  by  thirty  inches  and  represents 
the  subject  at  life  size  and  half  length,  showing  the 
face  nearly  full  front  with  a  white  wig.  There  are 
muslin  ruffles  at  the  neck  and  sleeves.  The  coat  is 
dark  green  lined  with  red  which  shows  at  the  lapel. 
His  right  hand  is  resting  on  a  table  holding  a  book. 
On  the  table  is  a  pipe  and  cup  and  saucer.  The  pic- 
ture has  always  been  owned  by  the  descendants  and 
now  belongs  to  Edward  Carrington  Bates  of  Boston. 

JUDGE  DUANE 

In  the  Documentary  of  New  York,  Vol.  IV.,  page 
654,  it  is  stated  that  there  was  a  portrait  of  this 
gentleman,  painted  by  Copley.  It  is  said  now  to  be 
in  the  possession  of  a  great  granddaughter,  Mrs.  D. 
C.  Western,  of  Madison,  New  Jersey. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  97 

MRS.  JAMES  DUANE 

A  portrait  of  this  lady  by  Copley  is  owned  by  Dr. 
Alexander  Duane  of  New  York,  who  is  a  great  great 
grandson  of  Mrs.  Duane.  It  measures  25  x  30  inches. 

COLONEL  DUCHENHAUSEN 

A  fine  portrait  study  head  for  the  large  painting  of 
the  Siege  of  Gibraltar.  It  is  owned  by  Mrs.  F. 
Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston. 

SIR  GEORGE  JACKSON  DUCKETT 

According  to  the  National  Biographical  Diction- 
ary, Copley  painted  a  portrait  of  this  gentleman.  It 
is  now  owned  by  Sir  George  Duckett,  Baronet.  The 
subject  of  the  portrait  was  born  in  1725  and  died  in 
1822. 

VISCOUNT  DUDLEY  AND  WARD 

This  group  portrait  was  exhibited  in  the  Royal 
Academy  in  1800  and  again  in  1804,  and  is  now  at 
7  Carleton  Terrace,  London. 

LADY  DUDLEY  AND  WARD 

This  group  portrait  was  exhibited  at  the  Royal 
Academy  in  1800.  It  is  now  in  London  at  7  Carl  ton 
Terrace. 


98  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

DUKE  OF  YORK 

This  portrait  shows  the  subject  as  a  young  man  in 
the  full  uniform  of  a  British  officer.  It  is  of  three- 
fourths  length.  His  right  hand  is  by  his  side  holding 
a  glove,  and  his  left  arm,  hand  extended,  rests  on  his 
sword  hilt.  The  portrait  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs. 
Langarbach  in  England. 

JAMES  DUMARESQ 

Son  of  Philip  and  Rebecca  Dumaresq.  A  half 
length  portrait  in  oils,  which  was  sent  to  his  brother, 
Francis  Dumaresq,  of  Jamaica,  West  Indies,  where  it 
is  believed  still  to  be. 

REBECCA  DUMARESQ 

This  picture  is  an  oval  crayon,  twelve  inches  long 
by  eight  wide.  The  lady  was  the  daughter  of  Dr. 
Sylvester  Gardiner.  She  was  born  in  1745,  and  was 
married  in  1773  to  Philip  Dumaresq,  a  grandson  of 
Hellier  Dumaresq,  Seigneur  des  Augres  of  the 
Island  of  Jersey.  Philip  Dumaresq  was  a  captain  in 
the  British  army  and  served  at  Louisburg  and  else- 
where under  Sir  William  Pepperell.  He  was  also  at 
one  time  an  aide-de-camp  to  Lord  Dunmore.  A 
determined  loyalist,  he  was  proscribed  and  banished 
in  1778,  and  died  at  Nassau,  New  Providence,  in 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  99 

1812-13.  This  picture  was  made  in  1763  and  for- 
merly in  the  possession  of  her  granddaughter,  Mrs. 
John  Rice  Blake,  Boston,  and  now  belongs  to  Mrs. 
W.  Austin  Wadsworth  of  Boston. 

RT.  HON.  LORD  VISCOUNT  DUNCAN 
This  is  a  three-quarter  length  portrait  showing  him 
as  Admiral,  with  left  hand  resting  on  a  cannon,  and 
right  holding  his  sword  and  hat.  A  burning  frigate  is 
in  the  background  on  the  left  and  the  side  of  a  ship 
with  its  rigging  on  the  right.  It  was  engraved  by 
Earlom  and  published  by  Copley  in  1798. 

MR.  ROBERT  DUNDAS 

A  portrait  of  this  gentleman  is  owned  by  Lord 
Aberdare  and  is  in  London. 

JOSIAH  ELIOT 

A  crayon  of  one  half  length.  This  picture  was  in 
the  possession  of  Miss  Hull  of  Fairfield,  Conn. 

MRS.  NATHANIEL  ELLERY 

She  was  Ann  a  daughter  of  William  and  Mary 
(Duncan)  Sargent,  of  Gloucester,  and  a  sister  of 
Colonel  Epes  Sargent.  She  was  married  February 
1 6,  1721,  and  died  October  8,  1782.  The  size  of  this 
picture  is  forty  by  forty-nine  inches,  and  was  taken 
about  1760,  when  the  lady  was  about  seventy  years 


ioo  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

of  age.  She  is  in  a  sitting  posture,  with  a  watered 
silk  dress,  a  bodice,  and  an  inside  lace  handkerchief. 
Her  shawl  is  of  black  lace,  thrown  over  her  shoulders, 
and  short  sleeves  with  ruffles,  complete  the  costume. 
She  is  holding  an  open  book  in  her  hand.  This 
picture  is  now  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  N.  Martin 
Rogers,  Cambridgeport. 

FRANCES  CADWALLADER  ERSKINE 

She  was  born  in  1781,  died  in  1843,  was  a  sister  of 
General  Thomas  Cadwallader,  and  married  David 
Montague  Erskine,  who  was  a  son  of  Thomas  Erskine, 
first  Baron  Erskine,  and  on  the  death  of  his  father  be- 
came second  Baron  Erskine.  This  picture  is  a  fine 
example  of  Copley's  late  English  work.  It  shows 
Lady  Erskine  in  a  half  length  standing  position.  She 
wears  a  dress  of  golden  brown,  lace  at  the  sleeves,  and 
her  hair  dressed  high  with  a  pearl  net,  surmounted  in 
front  with  flowers.  She  has  a  collar  and  earrings  of 
garnet  beads,  has  a  bunch  of  roses  in  her  corsage,  and 
holds  a  small  rose  in  her  right  hand,  which  is  crossed 
over  the  left  hand.  It  has  a  landscape  background. 
The  picture  measures  thirty  by  forty  inches  and  be- 
longs to  Mrs.  James  M.  Codman  of  Brookline. 

JAMES  ERVING 

Was  the  fourth  son  of  the  Honorable  John  Erving. 
This  portrait  is  a  miniature  of  oval  form,  and  there  is 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  101 

a  tradition  in  the  family  that  "it  was  the  first  minia- 
ture in  oil  that  Copley  made."  It  is  owned  by  J. 
Langdon  Erving  of  New  York. 

HON.  JOHN  ERVING 

This  gentleman  was  a  distinguished  citizen  of 
Boston,  and  the  father  of  Mrs.  Governor  Bowdoin. 
He  was  born  in  1693,  started  in  business  as  a  ferry- 
man on  the  Charles  River,  and  left  one  of  the  largest 
fortunes  of  the  day.  He  resided  on  the  estate  at  the 
corner  of  Tremont  Row  and  Howard  Street,  after- 
wards occupied  by  Governor  James  Bowdoin. 

The  portrait  is  owned  by  J.  Langdon  Erving  of 
New  York. 

CAPTAIN  JOHN  EVANS 

There  is  a  portrait  of  this  gentleman  in  the  National 
Museum,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

FAMILY  PORTRAIT 

The  picture  shows  the  artist  and  his  family,  life 
size.  The  old  man  before  him  is  Mr.  Clarke,  his 
father-in-law,  famous  as  the  consignee  of  the  cargo  of 
tea  of  the  "Boston  Tea  Party."  Mrs.  Copley,  on  the 
sofa,  is  carressing  their  son  John,  afterwards  Lord 
Lyndhurst.  This  is  one  of  Copley's  best  paintings. 
It  shows  the  English  manner  and  yet  retains  the  best 


102  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

qualities  of  his  American  work.  It  is  in  the  Boston 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  lent  by  Mr.  Copley  Amory. 
It  was  completed  in  England  in  1802. 

There  is  an  original  sketch  in  sepia,  from  which  the 
family  picture  is  painted,  twenty-seven  inches  long  by 
twenty-one  wide.  Mrs.  Copley  is  represented  as 
seated  on  a  sofa,  her  arm  resting  on  her  son,  the  future 
Lord -Chancellor  Lyndhurst,  whose  arm  is  thrown 
around  her  neck.  Her  daughter  Mary  leans  upon 
her  other  side,  while  her  daughter  Elizabeth  stands 
in  front,  on  her  right.  Mr.  Clarke,  the  father  of 
Mrs.  Copley,  sits  holding  the  infant  Jonathan,  play- 
ing with  a  rattle  upon  his  lap.  This  child  died  in 
1785.  Mr.  Copley  stands  behind,  against  a  column 
of  the  balcony,  and  holds  in  his  hands  a  scroll.  In  a 
corner  of  the  floor  are  a  child's  hat  and  feathers,  and  a 
landscape  of  trees  forms  the  background.  This 
picture  is  now  owned  by  Ingersoll  Amory  of  Boston. 

A  copy  of  the  original  sketch  for  the  large  picture 
is  owned  by  Mr.  Frederic  Amory. 

A  study  for  the  portrait  of  Mrs.  Copley  holding  the 
infant,  afterwards  Lord  Lyndhurst,  made  for  the 
family  group,  is  owned  by  Miss  Mary  Amory  Greene 
and  lent  to  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  103 

LORD  FAUCONBERG 

This  handsome  portrait  of  Henry  Bellasyse,  2d 
Earl  of  Fauconberg,  is  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dex- 
ter of  Boston.  It  is  half  length,  life  size,  representing 
him  dressed  in  a  red  coat  with  gold  epaulets,  holding 
the  pommel  of  his  sword.  A  coat  of  arms  is  in  the 
upper  part  of  the  picture.  He  lived  opposite  Mr. 
Copley's  house  in  London.  He  was  born  1743  and 
died  in  1802.  This  picture  was  engraved  by  Heath 
in  1794. 

DR.  SAMUEL  FAYERWEATHER 

This  picture  is  a  miniature  painted  on  copper.  It 
is  of  half  length,  three  inches  long  by  two  and  one 
half  wide,  and  is  in  the  original  silver  frame.  It 
represents  the  doctor  in  his  Oxford  cap  and  hood,  and 
wearing  a  full  wig  with  a  black  silk  robe.  Dr.  Fayer- 
weather  was  a  son  of  Mr.  Fayerweather  of  Cam- 
bridge. He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1743, 
was  A.  M.  of  Oxford  in  1756,  and  Cambridge,  Eng- 
land, in  1758.  He  was  ordained  Deacon  by  Dr. 
Pearce,  Bishop  of  Bangor,  in  1756,  and  was  admitted 
to  full  orders  by  Dr.  Richard  Osbaldiston,  Bishop  of 
Carlisle.  He  was  licensed  to  exercise  the  ministerial 
function  by  the  Bishop  of  London.  On  his  return 
to  this  country  he  was  settled  at  Kingston,  R.  I., 


io4  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

as  the  Rector  of  the  Episcopal  Church  there.  He 
married  the  widow  of  the  Rev.  Peter  Bours  of  Marble- 
head,  and  died  in  1781.  The  miniature  with  the 
certificate  of  his  Oxford  degree,  is  in  the  possession 
of  his  relative,  Edward  D.  Harris  of  Yonkers,  N.  Y. 
A  large  picture  of  Dr.  Fayerweather  is  now  owned 
in  Rhode  Island.  Both  pictures  are  named  in  his 
will. 

COLONEL  FITCH  AND  SISTERS 
The  portrait  of  Colonel  Fitch  of  the  British  Army 
and  his  two  sisters,  Miss  Ann  Fitch  and  Mrs.  Leonard 
Vassal,  was  painted  by  Copley  for  Mr.  Lloyd,  their 
uncle,  in  1800,  and  exhibited  in  the  Royal  Academy 
in  1801.  Soon  after  the  picture  was  painted  Colonel 
Fitch  was  killed  in  the  West  Indies.  The  figures  are 
of  life  size.  Colonel  Fitch,  dressed  in  his  uniform,  is 
standing  with  his  horse;  Miss  Fitch  is  dressed  in 
black,  and  Mrs.  Vassal  is  in  white.  This  large  and 
important  work  was  exhibited  in  the  Boston  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts  for  many  years,  and  belongs  to  Mrs. 
Gordon  Abbott  of  Boston. 

TIMOTHY  FITCH 

Was  a  distinguished  merchant  of  Boston.  The 
size  of  this  picture  is  five  feet  long  by  four  feet  wide, 
and  was  painted  between  1760  and  1767.  It  is  in  a 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  105 

fine  state  of  preservation,  and  is  of  life  size.  It 
represents  a  gentleman  seated  by  a  table,  on  which  is 
a  cocked  hat  and  a  letter  bearing  an  address.  The 
costume  is  a  gold  laced  coat  and  waistcoat,  with  a 
white  wig  and  silk  stockings.  This  picture  is  in  the 
Essex  Institute,  Salem. 

MRS.  TIMOTHY  FITCH 

Was  born  in  1731.  She  was  the  daughter  of  Colo- 
nel John  Browne.  The  Brownes  were  an  old  Eng- 
lish family,  distinguished  and  wealthy  in  the  days  of 
Salem's  Colonial  prosperity.  She  married  for  her 
first  husband  Mr.  Ichabod  Plaisted,  married  Mr. 
Fitch  in  1760,  and  died  in  1799.  She  is  represented 
as  sitting,  holding  her  work  near  a  small  table.  Her 
dress  is  of  a  purplish  pink  satin,  with  blue  lining. 
The  sleeves  are  loose  and  caught  up  at  the  elbow,  her 
hair  is  without  powder,  and  behind  her  is  a  heavy 
green  drapery.  This  picture  is  in  the  Essex  Institute, 
Salem. 

THOMAS  FLEET 

This  picture  is  of  full  length,  in  an  oval  painted 
panel,  and  the  subject  was  a  son  of  Thomas  Fleet  and 
Elizabeth  Goose,  his  wife,  the  celebrated  Mother 
Goose  of  our  childhood.  He  was  born  in  1732  and 
died  in  1797.  The  portrait  has  always  been  in  the 


io6  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

family,  and  it  is  known  that  Copley  and  Fleet  were  on 
intimate  terms  from  boyhood.  The  picture  was  in 
the  possession  of  a  descendant,  John  F.  Eliot,  of 
Boston. 

JAMES  FLUCKER 

He  was  a  son  of  Thomas  Flucker,  the  last  Royal 
Secretary  of  the  Province  of  Massachusetts.  The 
bill  for  this  picture  is  included  with  his  father's  and 
reproduced  under  the  latter's  portrait. 

THOMAS  FLUCKER 

Born  1719;  died  1783;  he  was  the  last  Secretary  of 
the  Province  of  Massachusetts  before  the  Revolution. 
The  size  of  the  portrait  is  twenty-nine  inches  long  by 
twenty-four  wide.  Both  face  and  figure  are  turned 
one  quarter  round  from  the  viewer  to  the  left.  The 
coat  and  waistcoat  are  in  the  fashion  of  the  day,  with- 
out collars,  and  buttoning  single-breasted  to  the 
throat.  They  are  of  a  bluish  gray  tint.  He  wears  a 
gray  wig,  and  the  ordinary  cravat  of  the  time.  Sec- 
retary Flucker  was  the  great  grandfather  of  Admiral 
Henry  Knox  Thatcher,  United  State  Navy,  and  the 
picture  came  into  the  possession  of  Bowdoin  College 
under  the  will  of  Mrs.  Lucy  F.  Thatcher  of  Rockland, 
Maine.  The  following  is  a  correct  copy  of  the  bill 
for  the  picture. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  107 

Boston         The  Honble  Thomas  Fluker  Esqr. 

to  Jno.  S.  Copley,  Dr. 

1774 

To  his  own  portrait  £14.0.0 

June 

To  his  Sons.     Do.  14.0.0 


28.0.0 


To  two  black  and  Gold  Frames  at 

£1.8  2.16.0 


Totlg  £30.16.0 

TIMOTHY  FOLGER 

This  picture  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches,  and  is 
in  its  original  carved  frame.  It  represents  a  middle 
aged  man,  three-quarters  length,  dressed  in  dark 
brown,  with  white  wig.  The  picture  now  belongs  to 
Mr.  Munn  of  New  York. 

MRS.  DOROTHY  FORBES 

Was  a  daughter  of  James  Murray,  born  in  London 
in  1745.  She  came  to  America  with  her  parents  in 
1749  and  married  the  Rev.  John  Forbes  in  1769. 
Her  portrait  hangs  today  in  the  home  of  her  youth, 
where  she  lived  one  hundred  and  forty  years  ago. 
She  was  the  grandmother  of  Robert  Bennett  Forbes 
and  John  Murray  Forbes,  and  died  at  Milton  in  1811. 
The  picture  is  thirty-seven  inches  high  by  twenty- 


io8  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

seven  wide,  and  represents  her  as  dressed  in  yellow 
satin,  ornamented  with  silver  lace.  She  wears  a  large 
hoop,  and  her  hair,  which  is  brushed  over  a  cushion, 
is  decorated  with  a  white  bow.  Her  earrings  are  of 
pearl,  and  a  necklace  of  the  same  encircles  her  throat. 
The  portrait  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Sarah  Forbes 
Hughes  of  Milton. 

MRS.  SEYMOUR  FORT 

This  is  a  full  length  seated  figure  of  an  elderly  lady 
in  white  cap.  Her  work  bag  hangs  on  the  chair  arm 
and  she  appears  to  be  engaged  in  tatting.  The  pic- 
ture was  exhibited  at  the  Hudson-Fulton  Exhibition 
in  the  Metropolitan  Art  Museum.  It  is  now  in  the 
possession  of  the  Wadsworth  Athenaeum  of  Hartford, 
Conn. 

ELEANOR  FOSTER 

Afterwards  Mrs.  Nathaniel  Coffin  of  Portland, 
Maine.  This  is  a  very  early  portrait,  dated  1755, 
made  when  the  artist  was  only  eighteen  years  old, 
but  is  undoubtedly  a  genuine  example  of  his  work  of 
that  period. 

CAPTAIN  ISAAC  FOSTER 

Of  Charlestown,  representing  him  standing,  the 
picture  being  three-fourths  length.  He  is  dressed  in  a 
slate  colored  costume  of  the  times,  and  he  carries  his 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  109 

hat  under  his  arm.     This  portrait  is  in  the  possession 
of  Mrs.  David  BufTum  of  Walpole,  N.  H. 

MRS.  ISAAC  FOSTER 

A  companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband.  This 
portrait  is  owned  by  a  descendant,  Mrs.  David  Buf- 
fum  of  Walpole,  N.  H. 

DR.  ISAAC  FOSTER,  JR. 

A  son  of  Captain  Isaac  Foster  represented  as  a 
youth  of  about  fifteen  years  old,  and  a  companion 
picture  to  that  of  his  brother.  It  is  owned  by  Mrs. 
Philip  Peck  of  Walpole,  N.  H. 

DR.  WILLIAM  FOSTER 

A  son  of  Captain  Isaac  Foster.  A  portrait  of  three- 
fourths  length,  now  belonging  to  a  descendant,  Mrs. 
Philip  Peck  of  Walpole,  N.  H. 

COLONEL  FOWLE 

There  was  a  portrait  of  Colonel  Fowle  of  Marble- 
head  in  the  possession  of  the  heirs  of  William  Fowle  of 
Alexandria,  Va. 

GOVERNOR  FRANKLIN 

Of  Vermont.  "There  is  a  portrait  of  this  gentle- 
man, by  Copley,"  says  Mr.  Thomas  H.  White,  of 
Shelburne,  "in  the  possession  of  the  widow  of  the  late 
Rev.  Fitzgerald  Uniac,  who  has  possibly  another  one." 


no  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

GALLATEA 

This  allegorical  picture  showing  Gallatea  drawn 
by  the  Dolphins  is  interesting  as  showing  Copley's 
early  interest  in  such  compositions  and  manner  of 
execution.  It  was  purchased  by  the  Boston  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts  in  1907  from  Mr.  Henry  E.  Spaulding. 

GENERAL  THOMAS  GAGE 

In  a  letter  to  Copley  from  Captain  Small,  dated 
"Headquarters,  New  York,  1769",  Captain  Small 
says,  "Your  picture  of  the  General  is  universally  ac- 
knowledged to  be  a  masterly  performance !  In  short  it 
has  every  property  genius,  judgment  and  attention 
can  bestow  on  it."  The  picture  was  hung  in  Lord 
Gage's  house  in  Arlington  Street,  London,  between 
two  portraits  of  Lord  and  Lady  Gage  by  Reynolds. 
Gage  was  born  1721;  died  1787;  Aide-de-camp  to 
Lord  Albemarle  in  Flanders,  1747-8;  as  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  the  44th  Regiment  under  Braddock  in 
America  raised  8oth  Foot  and  commanded  light 
infantry  at  Ticonderoga  in  1758;  commanded  as 
Brigadier-General  the  rear  guard  of  Amhearst;  Gov- 
ernor of  Montreal,  1759-60;  Major-General  1761; 
Commander-in-Chief  in  America,  1763  to  1772; 
Lieutenant-General  1770;  Governor  of  Massachu- 
setts, 1 774-5 ;  and  was  superseded  by  Howe,  October, 
1775- 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  in 

MRS.  THOMAS  GAGE 

This  portrait  of  the  wife  of  General  Gage  was  made 
in  New  York  the  latter  part  of  1771  and  exhibited 
in  London  in  1772,  and  catalogued  as  "A  Lady,  half 
length."  In  a  letter  dated  December  20,  1772,  to 
Copley  from  Jonathan  Clarke,  the  latter  quotes 
Benjamin  West  as  follows:  "I  found  Mr.  West  a 
great  admirer  of  your  portraits.  You  seem  to  think 
by  your  letter  to  him  that  the  one  you  last  exhibited 
was  not  asteemed  so  good  a  one,  but  Mr.  West  thinks 
you  was  under  a  mistake,  for  Mrs.  Gage's  picture  was 
thought  a  very  fine  one."  And  Benjamin  West  said 
again  under  date  of  January  6,  1773,  "The  portrait 
of  Mrs.  Gage  as  a  picture,  has  received  every  praise 
from  the  lovers  of  art." 

JOHN  GARDINER 

The  second  son  of  Dr.  Sylvester  Gardiner,  born  in 
Boston,  educated  in  London  at  the  Inner  Temple, 
and  died  1794.  He  defended  John  Wilkes  before 
Lord  Mansfield  in  1763,  and  was  Attorney-General  of 
the  British  West  India  Islands  in  1778.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  the  Massachusetts  Legislature  from 
1789  until  his  death.  "He  had,"  says  Updike,  "an 
astonishing  memory,  was  an  admirable  belle-lettre 
scholar,  very  learned  in  his  profession,  and  particu- 


112  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

larly  distinguished  for  wit  and  eloquence."  The 
figure  is  of  three-fourths  length.  He  is  dressed  in  a 
brown  coat,  laced  waistcoat,  and  is  sitting  at  a  table 
with  books  and  papers.  This  picture  is  in  the 
possession  of  Mrs.  C.  P.  Gardiner  of  Brookline. 

THE  LITTLE  GARDENER 

A  picture  bearing  the  above  title  was  sold  at 
Christie's,  London,  in  April,  1914,  from  the  collection 
of  Edward,  first  Earl  of  Ellborough. 

DR.  SYLVESTER  GARDINER 

He  was  the  son  of  William  Gardiner  and  Abigail 
Remington,  and  was  born  June  29,  1708.  He  was 
educated  in  Europe  as  a  physician  and  surgeon  and 
settled  in  Boston.  He  had  three  wives,  and  his 
children  were  as  follows:  John;  Anna,  who  married 
Robert  Hallowell;  Rebecca,  wife  of  Philip  Dum- 
aresq;  and  Abigail,  wife  of  Oliver  Whipple.  A  deter- 
mined loyalist,  and  an  addresser  of  Governor  Hut- 
chinson,  he  was  banished  in  1778,  at  which  time  his 
landed  property,  amounting  to  one  hundred  thousand 
acres  of  land,  was  confiscated.  He  was  the  founder 
of  Gardiner,  Maine,  and  died  at  Newport,  R.  I.,  in 
1787.  The  picture  is  of  life  size,  three-quarters 
length,  a  sitting  figure,  dressed  in  a  red  coat,  orna- 
mented with  gold  buttons.  His  right  arm  is  resting 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  113 

on  a  table  and  the  left  hand  is  in  his  coat.  This  fine 
portrait  is  in  the  possession  of  his  great-grandson, 
R.  H.  Gardiner,  of  Gardiner,  Maine. 

MRS.  SYLVESTER  GARDINER 
She  was  Ann,  the  daughter  of  Dr.  Gibbons,  a 
first  wife  of  Dr.  Gardiner,  to  whom  she  was  married 
in  King's  Chapel,  Boston,  December  n,  1732.  She 
died  in  1771.  The  picture  is  three-quarters  length, 
life  size,  and  shows  the  lady  seated,  her  dress  trimmed 
with  lace  at  neck  and  sleeves;  her  left  hand  in  her 
lap;  her  right  arm  extended  on  the  back  of  the  couch 
on  which  she  is  sitting.  The  portrait  belongs  to  Mr. 
Robert  H.  Gardiner. 

MAJOR  THOMAS  GOLDTHWAIT 
He  served  with  distinction  at  several  important 
posts.  He  married  as  his  first  wife,  Esther  Sargent, 
daughter  of  Epes  Sargent,  and  for  his  second  wife, 
Katherine  Barnes.  The  portrait  of  this  officer  is  in 
the  possession  of  Dr.  J.  T.  Bowen  of  Boston. 

GEORGE  III.  AND  HIS  QUEEN 
Painted  for  Governor  Wentworth  of  Portsmouth. 
It  is  now  in  England. 

GEORGE  III. 

George  William  Frederick  was  born  1738  and  died 
in  1820.     One  of  several  portraits  of  the  king  is  that 


ii4  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

by  Copley  owned  by  the  Beebe  family  of  Boston.  It 
is  a  fine  example  of  the  late  English  period  and  in 
excellent  condition.  It  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches 
and  is  of  life  size.  The  subject  is  shown  seated  at  a 
table.  The  right  hand  rests  on  a  portfolio  and  the 
left  hand  points  to  a  document  on  the  table.  The 
dress  is  a  dark  green,  richly  embroidered,  and  a  crim- 
son sash.  There  is  lace  on  the  sleeves  and  collar. 

GEORGE  IV 

This  large  and  important  picture  represents  the 
King  when  Prince  of  Wales,  mounted,  witnessing  a 
review,  attended  by  Lord  Heathfield,  General  Tur- 
ner, Colonel  Bloomfield,  Baron  Eben,  and  Colonel 
Quinton.  It  was  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy  in 
1809.  An  engraving  was  published  of  this  picture  by 
Copley  and  Colnaghi  in  1813,  and  is  now  owned 
by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston. 

BENJAMIN  GERRISH 

This  picture  is  of  life  size  and  of  three- fourths 
length,  being  twenty-five  inches  wide  by  thirty  long. 
Mr.  Gerrish  is  dressed  in  a  brown  coat,  laced  cravat 
and  ruffles,  and  wears  a  powdered  wig.  He  was  the 
son  of  John  Gerrish  and  the  brother  of  Mrs.  Sarah 
Barrett,  who  bequeathed  this  picture  in  her  will  to 
her  youngest  son,  John  Barrett.  Mr.  Gerrish,  who 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  115 

was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  new  North  Church, 
died  in  1777.  The  portrait  was  in  the  possession  of  a 
grand  nephew,  Nathaniel  Augustus  Barrett  of  Boston 
and  belongs  now  to  the  estate  of  Mrs.  S.  D.  Barrett. 

JOSEPH  GERRISH 

This  portrait  is  a  late  example  of  Copley's  Ameri- 
can work.  It  is  half  size  in  length  and  shows  him 
with  face  slightly  turned,  white  wig  and  white  neck 
cloth.  It  was  owned  by  Mrs.  Samuel  E.  Barrett  of 
Chicago. 

GOVERNOR  MOSES  GILL 

The  size  of  this  picture  is  forty-nine  inches  high  by 
forty  inches  wide,  with  a  handsome  carved  gilt  frame. 
Governor  Gill  was  the  son  of  John,  the  second  son  of 
Colonel  Gill.  His  mother  was  Elizabeth  Abbott  of 
Charlestown,  a  sister  of  the  Rev.  Hull  Abbott.  He 
was  born  in  1733  and  died  in  1800,  aged  sixty-seven. 
The  portrait  was  painted  when  he  was  about  thirty- 
three  years  of  age.  He  married  for  his  first  wife, 
Sarah,  only  child  of  Rev.  Thomas  Prince  of  Boston. 
His  second  wife  was  a  daughter  of  Thomas  Boylston. 
He  is  represented  as  a  fine-looking  man,  with  black 
eyes  and  a  well-shaped  forehead.  He  wears  a  pow- 
dered wig,  and  the  hair  creped  at  the  ears.  His  dress 
is  a  dark  blue  single-breasted  velvet  coat,  lined  with 


ii6  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

white  satin,  unbuttoned,  and  held  back  to  the  hip  by 
the  right  hand.  The  sleeves  are  very  large,  with 
deep  cuffs  fastened  up  with  two  buttons,  the  shirt 
sleeves  coming  below,  terminating  with  a  very  nar- 
row band  of  linen  cambric.  He  wears  a  very  long, 
white  satin  waistcoat,  and  a  muslin  cravat  is  around 
the  throat.  The  hands  are  beautifully  painted, 
especially  the  left  one.  Between  the  fingers  is  held  a 
paper,  addressed  to  Mr.  Moses  Gill,  Boston.  For  the 
background  on  the  right  is  a  long,  white  window 
shutter,  with  bluish  green  drapery;  on  the  left  is  part 
of  a  desk,  with  a  green  velvet  cover.  This  picture 
is  now  in  the  Rhode  Island  School  of  Design. 

MRS.  REBECCA  (BOYLSTON)  GILL 
The  second  wife  of  Governor  Gill  and  daughter  of 
Thomas  Boylston.  The  size  of  this  picture  is  forty 
by  forty-nine  inches  with  a  fine  frame  of  antique  style. 
She  is  represented  with  a  handsome  face,  dark  blue 
eyes,  and  black  eyebrows.  Her  hair  is  black,  carried 
entirely  off  her  forehead  and  temples,  and  arranged 
high  with  a  scarf  of  reddish  brown,  dotted  with  gold, 
and  fastened  at  the  top  with  a  few  pearls.  The  scarf 
is  carried  over  the  right  shoulder,  and  falls  over  the 
arm  in  front.  She  is  standing  by  a  garden  vase, 
containing  a  lily,  with  many  dark  leaves  and  flowers 
in  blossom.  Her  left  hand  rests  on  the  edge  of  the 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  117 

vase,  and  in  the  right  hand,  which  is  most  beautifully 
painted,  she  holds  a  lily.  Her  dress  is  of  blue  velvet, 
or  satin,  with  an  embroidery  of  gold  in  a  red  velvet 
band  around  the  bosom.  There  is  a  girdle  of  the 
same  kind,  about  three  inches  wide,  around  the  waist. 
The  tucker  of  point  lace  is  most  exquisitely  painted. 
A  crimson  drapery  hangs  gracefully  over  the  back  of 
the  dress,  and  falls  over  the  arm  in  front.  On  the 
left  is  a  pillar.  Behind  her  figure  there  is  a  dark 
background  of  brown  and  green.  At  a  distance,  on 
the  right,  is  a  glimpse  of  sky,  with  a  portion  of  the 
trunk  of  a  tree,  and  with  the  green  leaves  of  a  vine 
entwined  around  it.  This  picture  is  in  the  possession 
of  the  Rhode  Island  School  of  Design. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  this  lady,  signed  in  mono- 
gram, dated  1767,  in  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine 
Arts,  lent  by  the  Estate  of  Louisa  C.  A.  Nightingale. 

MRS.  RELIEF  (DOWSE)  GILL 

This  picture  is  forty-nine  inches  high  by  forty  wide. 
It  represents  a  very  old  lady,  having  a  pleasant,  benev- 
olent face,  with  large  blue  eyes.  She  has  a  little 
dark  hair  showing  beneath  a  white  lawn  cap.  Her 
dress  is  of  brown  velvet,  opening  to  the  waist  in  front, 
and  filled  in  with  a  white  lawn  handkerchief.  Over 
her  shoulders  is  thrown  a  black  thread  lace  shawl. 


ii8  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

The  sleeves  reach  to  the  elbows.  Below  them  appear 
white  lawn  sleeves  with  ruffles,  leaving  the  wrist  and 
hand  uncovered.  In  her  right  hand  she  has  a  book 
held  slightly  open,  with  her  thumb  between  the  leaves. 
Her  left  hand,  which  shows  the  effect  of  years,  is  laid 
partly  over  the  other.  She  is  sitting  in  a  stuffed  arm- 
chair, covered  with  a  greenish  blue  material,  the  back 
of  which  is  as  high  as  the  top  of  her  head.  She  was 
probably  eighty-three  years  of  age  at  the  time  the 
picture  was  taken,  1759.  It  is  worthy  of  note  that 
the  name  of  Relief,  bestowed  upon  the  mother  of 
Mrs.  Dowse,  whose  maiden  name  was  Relief  Holland, 
has  been  continued  down  in  the  female  line  for  six 
generations.  Relief  Dowse  married  Michael  Gill, 
and  settled  in  Charlestown,  Mass.  Captain  Gill 
made  many  prosperous  voyages  to  various  parts  of 
Europe,  and  left  a  large  estate  of  his  prosterity.  At 
his  death  he  was  a  colonel  of  a  colonial  regiment.  On 
his  monumental  stone  it  is  recorded  that  he  died  in 
1720,  aged  forty-seven.  His  widow  survived  him 
thirty-nine  years.  The  portrait  belongs  to  Mr. 
Robert  Pratt  of  Boston. 

MRS.  SARAH  (PRINCE)  GILL 

The  first  wife  of  Governor  Moses  Gill;  was  the 
only  child  of  Rev.  Thomas  Prince;  born  July  16,  1728; 
married  April,  1759,  and  died  August  5,  1771.  The 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  119 

size  of  the  picture  is  forty  by  forty-nine  inches  in  a 
handsome  carved  frame  of  antique  style.  She  is 
represented  as  having  a  very  refined  and  intellectual 
countenance,  with  black  hair  carried  off  from  her 
forehead  and  temples,  with  strings  of  pearls  entwined. 
Of  dark  complexion,  she  has  black  eyes  and  eyebrows, 
with  delicate  features.  She  is  sitting,  with  her  right 
arm  resting  on  what  appears  to  be  a  portion  of  a 
tree,  with  dark  olive  background,  excepting  towards 
the  left,  where  there  is  an  opening  of  sky,  with  blue 
hills  in  the  distance,  and  an  oak  tree  in  the  middle 
distance.  She  is  dressed  in  a  dark  blue  velvet  robe, 
with  muslin  undersleeves  reaching  below  the  elbows, 
and  with  double  ruffles.  Four  rows  of  pearl  beads 
encircle  the  throat,  one  row  coming  down  over  the 
left  shoulder  to  the  middle  of  the  bust,  where  two 
long  loops  fall  over  the  bows  of  white  lace  scarf,  edged 
with  gold,  and  embellished  with  gold  sprigs.  The 
scarf  has  a  broad  end  in  front,  and  is  very  prettily 
draped  over  the  arm  and  sleeves  to  the  back  of  the 
dress.  The  right  hand  falls  gracefully  from  the  sup- 
port on  which  it  is  resting,  and  in  her  left  hand  she 
carries  a  book,  held  slightly  open  with  her  thumb. 
This  picture  is  now  in  the  Rhode  Island  School  of 
Design. 

A  crayon  portrait  of  this  lady  is  also  in  existence. 


120  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

JONATHAN  GLOVER 

Colonel  Jonathan  Glover  was  born  in  Salem, 
June  13,  1731.  He  was  a  colonel  in  the  State  Militia 
and  brother  of  General  John  Glover  of  Revolutionary 
fame.  He  had  two  other  brothers,  Samuel  and 
Daniel.  This  is  a  very  fine  pastel  portrait  about 
eighteen  by  twenty-two  inches,  life-size  head  and 
bust,  and  in  good  condition.  It  belongs  to  Miss 
Sarah  Crocker  of  Boston. 

MRS.  JONATHAN  GLOVER 

Was  Abigail  Burnham,  daughter  of  Job  Burnham 
of  Ipswich,  and  married  Colonel  Glover,  October  10, 
1748.  This  is  also  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  pastel 
portraiture  and  is  companion  in  size  to  that  of  her 
husband.  It  belongs  to  Miss  Sarah  Crocker  of  Bos- 
ton. 

EZEKIEL    GOLDTHWAIT 

He  was  at  one  time  Register  of  Deeds.  The  pic- 
ture is  of  life  size,  and  of  three-fourths  length,  rep- 
resenting a  gentleman  dressed  in  a  brown  coat,  and 
wearing  a  white  wig,  seated  at  a  table  on  which  are 
pens  and  an  ink  stand.  In  his  right  hand  he  has  a 
pen,  while  the  left  holds  a  deed,  the  arm  resting  on 
the  back  of  the  chair.  Over  his  head  is  a  curtain. 
The  portrait  is  owned  by  Dr.  J.  T.  Bowen  of  Boston. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  121 

MRS.    EZEKIEL    GOLDTHWAIT 

A  companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband,  rep- 
resenting the  lady  as  sitting  at  a  table,  on  which  is  a 
dish  of  fruit.  Her  right  hand  rests  on  the  table. 
Her  dress  is  of  satin,  of  the  shade  called  ashes  of  roses, 
beautifully  jpainted.  Her  hair  is  without  powder, 
around  her  neck  are  three  rows  of  pearls,  and  a  cap 
completes  the  costume.  It  belongs  to  Mrs.  Louisa 
M.  Alline. 

MAJOR  JOSEPH  GOLDTHWAIT 

Was  born  in  Boston,  October  5,  1730,  married 
Miss  Hannah  Bridgham,  and  was  a  brother  of  Philip 
Goldthwait.  He  was  a  major  of  the  British  Army  in 
Boston  in  1775,  was  a  determined  loyalist,  and  an 
addresser  of  Governor  Hutchinson,  and  was  pros- 
cribed and  banished.  The  picture  is  twenty-seven 
inches  by  twenty-two,  unfinished,  and  has  been  ad- 
mired by  artists  on  account  of  the  vigorous  manner 
in  which  the  subject  is  treated.  It  is  now  owned  by 
Miss  Adams  of  Keene,  N.  H. 

GORE  CHILDREN 

There  is  at  the  house  of  the  Misses  Robins  of  Bos- 
ton a  painting  of  the  portraits  of  the  Gore  children, 
brothers  and  sisters  of  Governor  Gore.  If  by  Cop- 


122  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

ley,  it  is  a  very  early  one.  It  contains  portraits  of 
Frances  Gore,  who  married  Col.  Thomas  Crafts; 
Miss  Gore,  who  married  Mr.  Taylor;  Samuel  Gore 
who  married  Mary  Pierce;  and  John  Gore,  who 
married  Sarah  Foster.  The  author  does  not  feel 
sure  of  the  authenticity  of  the  picture. 

Another  picture  contains  portraits  of  Governor 
Gore  when  a  child,  and  his  sister,  at  the  house  of  Mr. 
Edward  B.  Robins. 

A  third  picture  has  the  portraits  of  two  of  the 
sisters. 

JOSHUA  GRAFTON 

A  miniature  of  Mr.  Grafton  is  in  the  possession  of  a 
descendant,  Mr.  J.  Grafton  Minot.  It  is  oval  in 
shape,  full  face  and  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  work, 
beautifully  framed. 

J.  A.  GRAHAM,  LL.D. 

A  portrait  of  this  gentleman  was  shown  in  the 
Royal  Academy  in  1798. 

SIR  ROBERT  GRAHAM 

This  example  of  Copley's  latest  and  best  English 
portraits  represents  Baron  Graham  in  his  robes  of 
office.  It  was  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy  in 
1804  and  is  now  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  123 

MRS.  GIDEON  GRANGER 

A  portrait  of  this  lady  who  was  a  Dandridge  is 
owned  by  Miss  Adele  G.  Thayer. 

HARRISON  GRAY 

This  picture  is  of  life  size  and  half  length.  The 
dress  is  of  brown  velvet,  with  steel  buttons  and  with 
lace  at  the  wrists  and  neck;  a  gray  wig  dressed  with  a 
queue  completes  the  costume.  He  was  the  Re- 
ceiver-General of  Massachusetts  and  an  addresser  of 
Governor  Hutchinson,  and  Councillor.  He  was  pros- 
cribed and  banished  during  the  Revolution.  "Mr. 
Gray,"  says  Sabine,  "was  an  exemplary  gentleman  in 
every  relation,  and  among  the  loyalists  there  is 
hardly  one  more  deserving  of  respect  and  kind  re- 
membrance." The  portrait  is  now  in  the  possession 
of  Mr.  Harrison  Gray  Otis  of  Needham,  Mass. 

JOHN  GRAY 

A  relative  of  Harrison  Gray  Otis.  He  is  rep- 
resented as  standing,  dressed  in  a  brown  coat,  with  a 
white  satin  waistcoat,  lace  cravat  and  ruffles.  This 
picture  was  loaned  |by  the  Misses  Rogers  to  the  Mu- 
seum of  Fine  Arts,  Boston,  April  1908. 


I24  J°HN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  GRAY 

Mr.  William  Carson,  writing  from  Newport  in 
August,  1772,  to  Copley  says,  "Your  painting  of  the 
squirrel  was  a  modest  production,  and  your  picture 
of  Mrs.  Gray  in  crayons  could  only  testify  that  it  was 
one  fine  face,  and  you  a  man  of  some  genius." 

GENERAL  GREATON 
A  portrait  said  to  be  in  New  York. 

JOSEPH  GREEN 

A  merchant  of  Boston,  born  December  12,  1703, 
and  died  July  i,  1765.  He  was  the  son  of  the  Rev. 
Joseph  Green,  of  Salem  Village,  now  Danvers,  who 
was  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1695.  It  is  a 
crayon  of  life  size  and  half  length.  The  costume  is  a 
single-breasted  coat  and  waistcoat  of  a  dark  color, 
with  large  embroidered  buttons.  The  cravat  is 
white,  and  the  shirt  ruffles  are  slightly  exposed.  A 
full  powdered  wig  completes  the  picture.  The  color- 
ing is  as  fresh  and  perfect  as  if  just  from  the  artist's 
hands.  It  is  in  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts, 
to  whom  it  was  presented  by  Dr.  Samuel  A.  Green  in 
1910. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  125 

COUNCILLOR  JOSEPH  GREEN 

This  beautiful  and  characteristic  picture  is  a  crayon 
of  life  size  and  half  length,  representing  him  in  a 
morning  costume  of  dark  gray.  He  wears  a  cap  of 
the  same  color,  and  his  collar  is  thrown  open.  Joseph 
Green  was  born  in  Boston  in  1706,  and  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1726.  He  was  a  merchant,  and 
had  a  large  fortune.  He  was  celebrated  as  a  scholar, 
a  poet,  and  a  man  of  wonderfully  ready  wit,  which  he 
often  showed  in  his  contests  with  a  fellow  wit,  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Byles.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  had 
probably  the  most  beautiful  and  valuable  private 
library  in  New  England,  some  volumes  of  which  have 
descended  to  the  heirs  of  the  Rev.  William  T.  Snow. 
His  residence  was  on  School  Street,  just  above  the 
"Cromwell's  Head  Inn."  Mr.  Green  was  a  Man- 
damus Councillor,  an  addresser  of  Governor  Hut- 
chinson,  and  was  proscribed  and  banished.  He  died 
in  England  in  1780.  This  picture  belongs  to  Miss  H. 
Elizabeth  Snow  and  is  lent  to  the  Boston  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts. 

MRS.  JOSEPH  GREEN 

A  companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband.  She 
is  represented  as  in  a  dress  of  blue  velvet,  trimmed 
with  ermine.  She  wears  pearls  in  her  hair  and  ar- 
ound her  neck.  This  picture  is  in  the  possession  of 


126  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Miss  H.  Elizabeth  Snow  and  is  lent  to  the  Boston 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 

MRS.  Louis  JENKINS 

She  was  the  youngest  daughter  of  Robert  Hooper. 
This  is  a  crayon,  measuring  eighteen  by  twenty- 
three  inches.  The  dress  is  salmon  pink,  the  hair  is 
combed  back  and  she  has  a  spray  of  hawthorn  in  her 
hair.  A  blue  mantle  is  over  her  shoulder.  A  small 
miniature  was  made  in  the  form  of  a  locket  of  this 
lady  in  a  dress  of  pink.  Both  these  portraits  belong 
to  Miss  Sarah  Currier  of  Newburyport,  Mass. 

BENJAMIN  GREENE 

The  father  of  the  Gardiner  Greene  who  married  the 
eldest  daughter  of  Copley.  He  is  represented  as  sit- 
ting sideways  upon  a  chair  with  his  face  in  profile. 
The  dress  is  a  rich  blue  suit  and  a  full  wig.  His 
right  hand  rests  upon  the  back  of  a  chair,  while  his 
left  is  thrust  into  a  flowered  waistcoat.  He  is  looking 
towards  a  table  on  which  are  papers  and  a  pen.  The 
picture  is  of  three-fourths  length  and  in  the  original 
frame.  It  was  in  the  possession  of  the  heirs  of  his 
grandson,  the  Rev.  John  S.  C.  Greene  of  Longwood, 
and  was  destroyed  in  the  great  fire  of  1872. 

A  fine  miniature  of  Mr.  Greene  is  owned  by  Mrs. 
Dwight  F.  Prouty. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  127 

LIEUT.  FRANCIS  GREENE 

Was  an  officer  in  the  British  Army,  holding  a  com- 
mission in  the  Fortieth  Regiment  of  Infantry.  He 
served  in  the  old  French  war,  at  Louisburg,  and  in 
Canada,  also  in  Martinique  and  Havana.  He  grad- 
uated at  Harvard  College  in  1760,  and  wrote  much  on 
the  subject  of  the  education  of  the  deaf  and  dumb. 
He  died  at  Medford  in  1809.  The  size  of  this  picture 
is  two  feet  six  inches  long  by  two  feet  wide,  of  half 
length;  he  is  dressed  in  the  full  uniform  of  a  lieuten- 
ant in  the  British  army.  In  one  corner  is  Copley's 
monogram  and  signature,  with  date,  1763.  The 
picture  was  in  the  possession  of  Lieutenant-Com- 
mander Francis  Matthews  Greene,  U.  S.  N. 

GARDINER  GREENE 

The  son  of  Benjamin  and  Mary,  was  born  in  Boston 
in  1753,  and  died  Dec.  19,  1832.  He  married,  first, 
Ann  Redding;  second,  Elizabeth  Hubbard;  and  third, 
in  London,  in  1800,  Elizabeth  Clarke,  the  daughter  of 
John  Singleton  Copley,  the  artist,  and  sister  of  John, 
Baron  Lyndhurst,  sometime  Lord  Chancellor  of  Eng- 
land. He  was  eighth  in  direct  descent  from  Robert 
Greene  of  Gillingham,  in  the  time  of  Henry  the 
Eighth,  and  was  a  distinguished  merchant  of  Boston. 
The  portrait  is  of  half  length.  The  figure  is  seated 


128  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

in  a  chair,  dressed  in  a  blue  coat  with  brass  buttons. 
The  hair  is  powdered.  It  is  a  fine  specimen  of  Cop- 
!ey's  latest  manner.  The  picture  was  presented  by 
the  Lord  Chancellor  Lyndhurst  to  his  nephew,  the 
Rev.  John  Singleton  Copley  Greene,  of  Longwood, 
Mass.,  and  was  burned  in  the  great  fire  of  1872. 

MRS.  GARDINER  GREENE 

A  companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband.  She 
was  Elizabeth  Clarke,  daughter  of  John  Singleton 
Copley,  born  in  1770,  and  died  in  February,  1866, 
at  the  age  of  ninety-five.  She  married  Gardiner 
Greene  of  Boston  in  1800.  The  picture  is  of  half 
length  and  was  painted  by  her  father  just  before  her 
wedding,  for  a  keepsake.  She  is  dressed  "a  la 
Josephine"  in  white  muslin,  with  a  shawl  thrown  over 
her  arm.  This  picture  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs. 
F.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston. 

There  was  a  portrait  of  Mrs.  Greene,  probably  a 
study  for  the  family  picture,  but  its  whereabouts  is  at 
present  unknown. 

GARDINER  GREENE  AND  MRS.  MURRAY 
A  portrait  of  Mr.  Greene  when  he  was  but  twelve 
years  of  age,  and  his  aunt.     This  picture  is  of  three- 
fourths  length,  representing    the    lady  dressed  in  a 
pearl-colored  satin,  trimmed  with  rich  lace,  her  hair 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  129 

without  powder.  She  is  seated,  with  her  right  hand 
resting  on  the  boy's  shoulder,  while  she  holds  his  left 
hand  in  hers.  The  boy  stands  by  her  side  dressed  in  a 
brown  coat  lined  with  blue  silk.  In  his  right  hand  he 
holds  his  hat.  This  beautiful  picture  was  in  the 
original  frame,  and  in  the  possession  of  the  heirs  of 
the  Rev.  John  S.  C.  Greene,  but  was  burned  in  the 
great  fire  in  1872. 

JOHN  GREENE 

The  subject  of  this  fine  portrait  was  known  as 
"John  Greene  of  Boston."  He  was  born  December 
24,  1731,  and  married,  March  n,  1756,  Catherine, 
daughter  of  William  Greene,  the  first  Governor  of 
Rhode  Island.  He  died  Dec.  3,  1781.  The  portrait 
is  an  excellent  example  of  the  late  American  period  of 
Copley's  work.  It  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches  and 
is  in  its  original  frame.  It  shows  the  subject  as  seated 
at  a  table  with  left  hand  resting  on  a  manuscript 
while  the  right  hand  holds  a  pen.  The  face  is  half 
turned  and  has  a  most  pleasing  expression.  The  por- 
trait belongs  to  Professor  Henry  M.  Howe  of  Bed- 
ford Hills,  New  York. 

MRS.  JOHN  GREENE 

This  portrait  is  a  companion  picture  to  that  of  Mr. 
Greene  which  is  owned  by  Prof.  William  Howe,  and 


i3o  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

belonged  to  the  estate  of  Mr.  Ward.  She  was 
Catherine,  daughter  of  Governor  William  Greene  of 
Rhode  Island,  and  was  married  March  n,  1756.  It 
was  sold  by  the  Merwin  Sales  Co.  in  New  York  in 
January,  1914.  The  canvas  measures  forty  by  fifty 
inches  and  is  signed  and  dated  1769.  The  lady  is 
shown  in  a  standing  position,  three-quarters  length, 
holding  a  blue  shawl  in  her  right  hand,  with  left  el- 
bow resting  on  a  rock.  It  belongs  to  Messrs.  R.  C. 
and  N.  M.  Vose  of  Boston. 

JOSEPH  GREENE 

Was  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Martha  Coit  Greene,  and 
was  born  in  1745.  This  portrait  is  eighteen  by  twen- 
ty-two inches,  is  in  the  original  frame,  and  is  signed 
and  dated  1767.  It  is  a  crayon,  representing  a  young 
man  dressed  in  a  stone  colored  coat  and  waistcoat, 
into  which  latter  his  right  hand  is  thrust.  On  his 
head  is  a  white  wig,  and  about  his  neck  and  wrists 
is  handsome  lace.  This  portrait  belongs  to  Mr.  J. 
Murray  Forbes  of  Boston. 

MRS.  JOSEPH  GREENE 

Wife  of  Joseph  Greene,  and  daughter  of  Benjamin 
and  Mary  Greene;  a  crayon  representing  the  lady, 
who  was  a  cousin  of  her  husband,  as  arrayed  in  a 
delicate  rose-tinted  dress,  edged  round  the  neck  with 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  131 

rich  lace,  and  a  mantle  of  fawn  color,  having  a  blue 
knot  on  the  left  shoulder.  Her  hair,  which  is  without 
powder,  is  ornamented  with  small  roses.  The  por- 
trait is  signed  and  dated  1767,  is  in  the  original  frame, 
and  is  believed  to  have  been  taken  about  the  time  of 
her  marriage,  when  she  was  celebrated  for  her  beauty. 
It  belongs  to  Mr.  J.  Murray  Forbes  of  Boston. 

RUFUS  GREENE 

The  picture  is  of  half  length  and  is  in  Copley's 
early  manner.  It  belonged  to  William  G.  Prescott. 

MRS.  RUFUS  GREENE 

This  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  her  great 
grandson,  William  Gardiner  Prescott,  and  is  a  com- 
panion picture  to  that  of  her  husband.  These  por- 
traits were  formerly  full  length,  but  being  injured  by 
fire,  were  reduced  in  size. 

THOMAS  GREENE 

Was  an  eminent  merchant  of  Boston,  where  he 
was  born  June  4,  1705.  He  was  the  eldest  son  of 
Nathaniel  and  Anne  Gould  Greene,  who  came  to 
Boston  from  Warwick,  R.  I.  He  married  first, 
February  22,  1727,  Elizabeth  Gardiner,  and  for  his 
second  wife,  September  6,  1744,  Martha  Coit,  daugh- 
ter of  John  Coit,  of  New  London,  Conn.,  and  widow 
of  Daniel  Hubbard,  who  died  1741.  Mr.  Thomas 


132  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Greene  died  in  August,  1763.  He  left  five  sons, 
Thomas,  John,  Nathaniel,  Joseph  and  David,  and 
one  daughter,  Mary,  married  to  Daniel  Hubbard. 
This  portrait  is  forty  by  fifty  inches,  and  represents 
Mr.  Greene  as  dressed  in  a  suit  of  drab  color  with 
black  waistcoat.  He  wears  ruffles  and  a  large  pow- 
dered wig.  He  is  seated  in  an  old  fashioned  chair  by 
a  table,  on  which  is  an  inkstand,  letter,  etc.  On  the 
right  is  a  green  curtain  drawn  back,  disclosing  through 
an  open  window  a  ship  under  full  sail  flying  the  Brit- 
ish flag.  Mr.  Greene  holds  in  his  hand  an  open 
letter  bearing  the  date  of  September  25,  1758,  un- 
doubtedly the  time  at  which  it  was  painted.  A 
copy  of  this  picture  belongs  to  Mr.  C.  W.  Hubbard  of 
Boston.  The  original  belongs  to  David  Greene 
Haskins  of  Cambridge. 

MRS.  THOMAS  GREENE 

Born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  in  1706,  was  Martha, 
the  youngest  daughter  of  John  and  Mehitable  Chand- 
ler Coit,  of  New  London,  Conn.  She  married  first, 
Daniel  Hubbard,  sheriff  of  New  London,  a  graduate 
of  Yale  College  in  1727,  a  tutor  in  the  college,  and 
who  died  in  1741,  and  second,  in  1744,  Mr.  Thomas 
Greene.  She  is  represented  in  a  brown  robe,  trim- 
med with  white  satin,  the  sleeves  and  neck  decorated 
with  lace.  Her  hair  is  drawn  back  in  curls,  one  of 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  133 

which  rests  upon  her  shoulder.  The  pose  of  the 
head  is  very  erect.  The  eyebrows  are  arched,  and 
the  eyes  are  dark  and  brilliant.  The  background 
represents  a  landscape,  with  rocks  and  trees.  The 
figure,  which  is  not  quite  full  length,  is  seated  with 
one  arm  resting  upon  the  back  of  the  chair.  This 
picture  is  in  the  possession  of  David  G.  Raskins  of 
Cambridge. 

THOMAS  GREENE  AND  HIS  WIFE 
The  picture  is  six  inches  by  eight,  and  contains  the 
two  likenesses,  of  miniature  size,  painted  in  oil,  on 
the  same  copper  plate.  The  frame  is  of  dark  wood. 
The  gentleman  is  in  a  white  wig,  a  green  coat,  and  a 
ruffled  shirt.  The  lady  is  dressed  in  a  low  necked, 
claret  colored  dress  of  the  period,  with  a  pearl  neck- 
lace, and  also  pearls  on  her  stomacher  and  in  her  hair. 
The  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  their  great  grand- 
daughter, Miss  Mary  G.  Chapman  of  Boston. 

REV.  DANIEL  GREENLEAF 

We  learn  from  Freeman's  "History  of  Cape  Cod," 
that  this  gentleman  was  a  son  of  Stephen  Greenleaf, 
of  Newbury;  that  he  was  born  in  1679,  was  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1699,  and  married  Eliza,  daugh- 
ter of  Sheriff  Gookin,  of  Suffolk,  and  granddaughter 
of  Major-General  Gookin  of  Cambridge.  The  sub- 


134  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

ject  is  represented  in  clerical  robe  holding  a  book. 
The  portrait  was  evidently  painted  about  1760  and 
measures  twenty-nine  by  thirty-six  inches.  It  is 
loaned  by  R.  C.  Greenleaf  to  the  Metropolitan  Art 
Museum. 

MRS.  SAMUEL  GREENWOOD 

Mother  of  John  Greenwood,  the  artist,  was  Mary 
Charnock.  Her  portrait  by  Copley,  painted  in  1770 
and  sent  to  exhibition  in  London  in  1771,  catalogued 
as  "A  Lady,  half  length."  Anderson,  who  saw  the 
picture  in  the  Lyndhurst  sale  describes  it  as  an  old 
lady  leaning  on  a  Pembroke  table.  Benjamin  West 
under  date  of  June  16,  1771  writes  to  Copley,  "Your 
picture  of  Mrs.  Greenwood  was  exhibited  and  did 
great  honor."  Copley  says  in  a  letter  to  John  Green- 
wood under  date  of  January  25,  1771,  "I  shall  be 
happy  if  the  portrait  that  accompanys  this  (of  your 
mother)  is  approved.  I  shall  be  impatient  to  hear 
the  criticisms  on  it."  The  portrait  is  now  in  the 
possession  of  her  great  grandson,  John  Danforth 
Greenwood  of  Motucka  Nelson,  New  Zealand. 

A  sketch  of  this  picture  is  owned  by  Isaac  J.  Green- 
wood of  New  York  City. 

WILLIAM  GRETTON  AND  WIFE 
The  portraits  of  Dr.  Gretton  and  his  wife  were 
painted  in  appreciation  of  his  services  in  advising 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  135 

and  assisting  the  younger  Copley  at  the  time  of  his 
entrance  to  Trinity  College.  Dr.  Gretton  was  born 
in  1736  and  died  in  1813.  He  was  Master  of  Magda- 
lene College  and  Archdeacon  of  Essex  in  1795. 

HAGAR  AND  ISHMAEL 

This  picture,  a  companion  in  size  to  the  "Abra- 
ham's Sacrifice,"  was  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Aca- 
demy in  1798  and  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst  Sale  in  1864. 
It  was  engraved  by  Dunkarton  and  published  by 
Copley  in  1798.  It  shows  the  seated  figure  of  Hagar 
with  Ishmael  across  her  knees  a  landscape  back- 
ground. An  angel  is  in  the  upper  right  hand  corner. 

GENERAL  FREDERICK  HALDIMAND 

Born  1718,  died  1791.  A  British  soldier  of  Swiss 
birth.  He  distinguished  himself  at  Ticonderoga  and 
was  Governor  of  Canada  from  1778  to  1785.  This 
fine  portrait  was  exhibited  in  Boston  in  1911  from 
the  collection  of  the  Duke  of  Kent. 

HUGH  HALL 

A  crayon  eighteen  inches  long  by  sixteen  wide, 
dated  1758,  J.  S.  Copley.  It  was  in  the  possession 
of  his  great  granddaughter,  Miss  Baury  of  Boston. 


136  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Miss  HALL 

This  picture  is  of  half  length,  and  life  size,  rep- 
resenting a  lady  dressed  in  black  velvet  in  the  fashion 
of  the  times,  the  throat  and  sleeves  decorated  with 
rich  lace.  In  her  hand  she  holds  a  rose  bud.  The 
picture  is  now  owned  by  Mr.  T.  B.  Clarke  of  New 
York. 

BENJAMIN  HALLOWELL 

He  was  a  brother  of  Sarah  Hallowell,  who  mar- 
ried Samuel  Vaughan  of  London.  He  is  represented 
as  a  man  of  about  twenty-five  years  of  age,  seated  at  a 
table  with  books  and  holding  a  pen  in  his  hand.  He 
is  dressed  in  a  suit  of  gray  silk  with  buttons,  faced 
with  satin;  a  white  cravat  and  ruffles,  with  white 
silk  stockings,  complete  the  costume.  The  picture 
measures  four  feet  one  inch  long  by  three  feet  three 
inches  wide.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  W.  M. 
Vaughan  of  Cambridge. 

JOHN  HANCOCK 

A  picture  of  three-fourths  length.  He  is  dressed 
in  a  blue  coat  laced  with  gold.  His  left  hand  is 
resting  on  a  book  while  his  right  hand  holds  a  pen. 
He  was  born  in  1737;  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1754;  was  President  of  Congress  and  first  signer  of 
the  Declaration  of  Independence;  was  Governor  of 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  137 

Massachusetts  in  1783  and  died  in  office  in  1793. 
It  belongs  to  the  City  of  Boston  and  is  deposited  in 
the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 

A  copy  of  this  picture  by  Savage  is  owned  by  Mrs. 
J.  W.  Tilton  of  Haverhill. 

Another  picture,  also  owned  by  Mrs.  Tilton,  shows 
Governor  Hancock  dressed  in  a  blue  coat  laced  with 
gold. 

Copley  also  painted  a  miniature  which  was  ex- 
hibited in  New  York  several  years  ago. 

There  is  a  fine  portrait  of  Hancock  in  the  Henry 
Lee  mansion  at  Brookline. 

The  following  bill  is  interesting  as   showing  the 
amount  Copley  received  for  the  portraits  listed. 
The  Hon'ble  John  Hancock,  Esqr. 

Boston,  1765.         To  Jno.  S.  Copley,  Dr. 
To  painting  one  portrait  of  himself,  at  8  guineas   1 1/.4 

To  one  portrait  in  miniature,  5  guineas    70 

1767.     To  cleaning  and  varnishing  seven  pic- 

ures,  at  8 2  10 

1766.     To  a  portrait  of  Mr.  Henchman,^  cloth    9  16 

1770.     To  one  portrait  of  himself     9  16 

To  do.  of  Doctr.  Sewall,  at  4  guineas    512 

Boston,  Sept  18,  1771. 

Reed,  the  contents  in  full,  for  Mr.  Copley .  .  461.  4 

pr.  HENRY  PELHAM 


138  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Another  picture  of  Hancock  from  which  a  mezzo- 
tint engraving  was  made,  shows  the  subject  at  half 
length,  life  size,  with  white  wig,  and  coat  and  waist- 
coat heavily  embroidered.  It  is  an  oval  portrait. 
At  the  time  the  engraving  was  made  the  portrait  be- 
longed to  Captain  James  Scott. 

THOMAS  HANCOCK 

He  was  born  in  1703,  and  died  in  1764;  was  the  son 
of  the  Rev.  John  Hancock  of  Lexington,  and  married 
Lydia,  the  daughter  of  Daniel  Henchman  of  Boston. 
He  founded  the  Hancock  Professorship  of  Hebrew 
and  other  Oriental  Languages,  and  built  the  Hancock 
house  on  Beacon  Street  in  1737.  This  is  a  half 
length  portrait  in  crayons.  He  is  dressed  in  the 
style  of  the  period.  This  picture  belongs  to  Mrs.  J. 
W.  Tilton  of  Haverhill. 

There  is  a  full  length  picture,  very  finely  painted. 
He  is  dressed  in  a  black  velvet  suit,  white  gloves,  and 
a  white  wig.  The  right  hand  rests  on  a  chair.  This 
portrait  was  in  the  possession  of  Harvard  College. 

There  is  another  portrait  three  inches  long  by  four 
and  a  half  wide.  It  is  an  oval  miniature  in  oil  on 
copper.  The  subject  is  dressed  in  a  pearl-colored 
velvet  suit  and  a  white  necktie.  The  hair  is  powder- 
ed and  gathered  into  a  white  queue.  The  face  has 
the  look  of  one  past  middle  age. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  139 

Another  portrait  measuring  fifteen  by  eighteen 
inches,  in  crayon  shows  the  subject  in  white  wig, 
white  neckcloth  and  blue  coat.  The  face  is  close 
shaven  and  florid  and  slightly  turned.  It  is  in  its 
original  black  and  gold  frame  and  belongs  to  Mrs. 
C.  H.  Wood  of  Boston. 

MRS.  LYDIA  HANCOCK 

This  is  a  finely  painted  picture.  The  subject  is  in 
mourning,  with  a  black  dress,  a  white  linen  under  cap 
and  neckerchief,  and  a  black  crepe  hood  envelop- 
ing the  head  and  neck.  This  portrait  was  in  the 
possession  of  Harvard  College. 

A  crayon  of  half  length  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs. 
J.  W.  Tilton  of  Haverhill.  Mrs.  Hancock  died  in 
1777,  leaving  in  her  will  the  old  parsonage  in  Court 
Street  to  the  Brattle  Street  Church. 

MRS.  JOHN  HAY 

Mrs.  Hay,  whose  maiden  name  was  Catherine 
Farnham,  is  represented  on  an  oval  canvas  as  a  very 
beautiful  woman  with  dark  eyes,  hair  dressed  high, 
with  a  gold  bow  on  the  top.  Her  dress  is  dark  with  a 
simple  ruffle  around  the  neck.  This  portrait  was 
painted  in  London  and  is  a  fine  example  of  the  artist's 
work.  It  was  painted  in  1780  and  is  mentioned  in  a 
letter  from  Judge  Curwen,  who  saw  the  picture  in 


i4o  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Copley's  studio.  It  is  now  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 
Francis  S.  Cobb  and  lent  to  the  Boston  Museum  of 
Fine  Arts. 

WILLIAM  HAYLEY 

This  portrait  of  the  poet  Hayley,  painted  in  sepia, 
represents  the  subject  as  writing  at  a  table.  It 
measures  twenty-six  and  one-half  by  thirty-two  and 
one-half  inches  and  was  sold  at  auction  at  Christie's 
in  1912.  Hayley  was  born  in  1745  and  died  in  1820. 
He  was  a  friend  of  Cowper,  Romney  and  Souther, 
and  published  several  volumes  of  verse. 

LORD  HEATHFIELD 

There  is  a  fine  portrait  in  the  National  Gallery  and 
a  study  head  of  the  same  officer  made  for  the  "Siege 
of  Gibraltar"  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of 
Boston.  There  is  a  study  head  26x23  for  the  large 
historical  picture  of  the  "Siege  of  Gibraltar"  in  the 
Court  of  the  Common  Council  at  the  Guildhall, 
London.  George  Augustus  Eliott  was  raised  to  the 
peerage  in  1787  as  Baron  Heathfield  of  Gibraltar. 

RICHARD  HEBER 

Richard  Heber  in  boyhood  is  shown  leaning  on  a 
cricket  bat  with  a  ball  in  his  hand.  He  was  born  in 
1773  and  died  in  1833.  He  was  the  founder  of  the 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  141 

great  Heber  Book  Collection.  On  seeing  the  por- 
trait Dean  Swift  remarked,  "If  you  should  look  at 
him  in  his  boyhood  through  the  magnifying  end  of  the 
glass  and  then  in  his  manhood  through  the  diminishing 
end  of  the  glass,  it  would  be  impossible  to  spy  any 
difference." 

DANIEL  HENCHMAN 

Copley  painted  a  portrait  of  this  gentleman  for 
Governor  Hancock  in  1766.  He  was  a  well  known 
and  highly  respected  book  seller  whose  store  was  on 
the  south  corner  of  State  and  Washington  Streets, 
Boston.  The  whereabouts  of  the  portrait  is  unknown. 

JOSHUA  HENSHAW 

He  was  born  in  1703;  married  Elizabeth  Bill  in 
1733;  and  was  distinguished  among  the  early  patriots 
of  Boston,  holding  many  offices  of  trust  and  honor. 
The  picture  is  of  half  length,  and  the  dress  is  a  brown 
coat  and  full  white  wig.  The  right  hand  rests  upon 
a  curtain  which  seems  to  stand  upon  a  pillar,  while 
the  left  hand  holds  a  white  glove.  It  is  in  the  origi- 
nal frame,  and  belonged  to  Mr.  Sidney  W.  Hayward. 

JOSEPH  HENSHAW 

A  nephew  of  Joshua  Henshaw,  whose  daughter  he 
married.  He  was  born  in  1727,  and  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1748.  During  the  Revolution 


I42  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

he  was  indefatigable  with  pen,  speech,  and  money, 
in  support  of  the  Colonial  cause.  He  was  dressed 
in  a  blue  velvet  coat,  with  the  left  hand  in  the  breast, 
and  a  full  white  wig.  He  has  a  very  handsome, 
determined  countenance.  The  portrait  belonged  to 
Mr.  Sydney  W.  Hayward. 

SARAH  HENSHAW 

The  daughter  of  Joshua  Henshaw  and  the  wife  of 
her  cousin,  Joseph  Henshaw.  It  is  a  crayon  of  half 
size.  She  is  dressed  in  a  salmon-colored  robe,  with 
pearls  in  her  hair.  Her  left  hand  holds  the  end  of  a 
fur  tippet,  which  passes  over  and  falls  from  her  right 
shoulder.  Upon  her  head  is  a  blue  silk  hood.  The 
portrait  belonged  to  Mr.  Sydney  W.  Hayward. 

HENRY  HILL 

He  was  the  son  of  Thomas  and  Hannah  Hill;  born 
in  1736;  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1756; 
married  Anna  Barrett  in  1762;  and  died  in  1828,  aged 
ninety-two.  This  is  a  crayon  of  one  half  length, 
twenty-three  inches  long  by  seventeen  wide,  and  is  in 
the  original  frame,  a  companion  picture  to  that  of  his 
wife.  Mr.  Hill  is  dressed  in  a  coat  of  a  sage  green 
color,  and  wears  a  powdered  wig  with  a  laced  cravat. 
This  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  a  Mrs.  Todd  of 
Cambridge. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  143 

MRS.  HENRY  HILL 

Anna,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Sarah  Barrett,  born 
March  8,  1740,  married  to  Henry  Hill  in  1762.  Their 
residence  was  in  Summer  Street.  She  died  December 
8,  1822,  aged  eighty-two.  Her  portrait  is  a  crayon  of 
three-fourths  length,  measuring  twenty-three  inches 
high  by  seventeen  wide.  The  dress  is  of  light  flower- 
ed brocade,  with  a  blue  mantle.  Her  hair  is  dressed 
with  flowers,  and  around  her  neck  is  a  pearl  necklace. 
It  belongs  to  the  Estate  of  Mrs.  Sarah  Barrett. 

MR.  AND  MRS.  HILL 

Whose  portraits  in  oil  were  taken  by  Copley,  were 
the  grandfather  and  grandmother  of  Edward  Everett. 
The  pictures  are  now  in  the  possession  of  a  great 
grandson,  Sidney  Everett  of  Boston. 

JOSEPH  SAYER  HIXON 

This  is  a  miniature  of  a  handsome  man  of  about 
twenty-eight  years  of  age,  with  powdered  hair,  a 
scarlet  coat,  and  plaited  ruffles.  This  picture  is  in 
the  possession  of  a  great  granddaughter,  Miss  Julia 
P.  Hixon  of  Brooklyn,  New  York. 

MRS.  JOSEPH  SAYER  HIXON 

Was  Abigail,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Cooper. 
Her  portrait,  which  is  a  pendant  to  that  of  her  hus- 
band, represents  her  with  powdered  hair,  which  is  sur- 


144  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

mounted  with  a  gauze  toque.  The  dress  is  cut  low 
in  the  neck,  which  is  decorated  with  a  handsome  pearl 
necklace;  over  her  shoulders  is  a  mantle  of  blue  satin, 
trimmed  with  ermine.  It  belongs  to  Miss  Julia  P. 
Hixon  of  Brooklyn,  New  York. 

THOMAS  HOLLIS 

This  is  a  full  length  picture.  The  dress  is  brown, 
laced  with  gold;  the  right  hand  holds  a  pen,  resting 
on  a  book.  Thomas  Hollis  was  born  in  1659  and  died 
in  1731.  He  endowed  Harvard  College  with  the 
Hollis  Professorship  of  Divinity  and  with  a  Professor- 
ship of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Philosophy.  This 
portrait  is  at  Harvard  College,  and  is  a  copy  made  by 
Copley  in  1766  after  an  English  portrait  of  half 
length.  In  a  letter  from  Dr.  Holyoke  to  Copley, 
under  date  of  Cambridge,  January  31,  1769,  an  order 
is  made  on  Copley  for  the  delivery  of  the  picture. 

MRS.  ISAAC  jHoLMEs 

She  was  Rebecca  Bee,  and  married  Mr.  Isaac 
Holmes  of  Charleston,  S.  C.  Her  mother's  name  was 
also  Holmes.  Her  portrait  is  of  life  size,  and  half 
length.  Her  dress  is  in  the  fashion  of  the  times,  of 
white  satin,  trimmed  at  the  neck  and  sleeves  with 
rich  lace.  Her  hair  is  drawn  back,  and  braided  with 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  145 

pearls,  and  a  pearl  necklace  encircles  her  throat  three 
times.  The  portrait  belongs  to  Mr.  H.  E.  Pratt  of 
Brooklyn,  New  York. 

JOHN  B.  HOLMES 

This  is  a  half  length  portrait  of  a  boy  of  about  ten 
years  of  age,  in  the  costume  of  the  times,  consisting 
of  a  blue  coat,  a  red  silk  waistcoat,  and  lace  ruffles  at 
the  neck  and  wrists.  His  right  hand  is  thrust  into 
his  waistcoat  pocket,  and  on  his  left  arm  sits  a  pretty 
squirrel  eating  a  nut.  This  portrait  belongs  to  Mrs. 
William  Allen  Putnam  of  New  York. 

WILLIAM  HOLMES 

A  younger  brother  of  John  B.  Holmes.  The 
picture  is  of  the  same  size  as  that  of  his  brother, 
differing  in  the  colors  of  the  dress.  The  boy  stands 
with  one  hand  resting  on  a  small  greyhound.  It 
belongs  to  Mr.  D.  M.  Prouty. 

HOLY  FAMILY 

This  picture  painted  at  Parma,  Italy,  by  Copley 
after  Correggio  was  exhibited  at  the  British  Institute 
in  1817  by  Wentworth  B.  Beaumont. 

EDWARD  HOLYOKE 

President  of  Harvard  College.  He  was  born  in 
1689  and  died  in  1769;  he  was  especially  distinguished 


146  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

as  a  mathematician  and  classical  scholar.  He  is 
represented  in  clerical  robes,  and  is  seated  in  a  chair. 
The  picture  is  in  Copley's  early  manner.  It  was 
presented  to  Harvard  College  in  1830  by  Dr.  E.  A. 
Holyoke. 

A  second  portrait  represents  him,  as  the  other, 
dressed  in  a  black  silk  robe,  with  white  bands.  The 
size  of  the  picture  is  twenty-six  inches  long  by  twenty- 
one  inches  wide.  It  was  in  the  possession  of  his  great 
grandson,  Hon.  Hampden  Cutts,  of  Brattleborough, 
Vermont. 

There  is  a  third  portrait  in  Crayon  measuring  six- 
teen by  eighteen  inches  belonging  to  Mrs.  Robert 
King  of  Montclair,  N.  J. 

ALICE  HOOPER 

Of  Newburyport.  This  picture  is  of  three-fourths 
length.  The  figure  is  rather  in  profile,  and  is  dressed 
in  a  dark  blue  satin.  The  hair  is  worn  without  pow- 
der. It  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  J.  L.  Newton. 

MR.  JOSEPH  HOOPER 

A  son  of  Robert  Hooper.  Born  1743,  Harvard 
College  1763.  This  portrait  is  three-fourths  length, 
of  life  size,  and  represents  the  subject  sitting  in  a 
rich  coat  of  brown  velvet;  his  left  arm  is  over  the  back 
of  a  chair,  and  his  right  hand  is  in  his  coat.  The 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  147 

waistcoat    is    embroidered    with    gold    braid.     The 
portrait  belongs  to  Mr.  Samuel  Hooper  of  Boston. 

MRS.  JOSEPH  HOOPER 

Wife  of  the  younger  Mr.  Hooper  who  was  Mary 
Harris.  She  is  shown  sitting  in  a  rich  and  appropriate 
dress  of  red  with  a  black,  gold  braided  girdle.  Her 
right  hand  is  holding  the  left  hand  at  the  wrist.  It 
belongs  to  Mr.  Samuel  Hooper. 

ROBERT  HOOPER 

Of  Marblehead,  Mass.  The  portrait  is  five  feet 
long  by  four  wide,  including  the  frame.  It  represents 
a  robust  man  past  middle  life,  seated  at  his  desk  read- 
ing a  letter,  which  is  held  in  his  left  hand.  The  right 
hand  rests  on  the  desk,  on  which  are  lying  several 
other  letters.  The  dress  is  of  brown  cloth,  with  metal 
buttons  like  the  court  dress  of  Europe,  and  is  com- 
pleted by  a  full  white  wig.  He  was  an  eminent  mer- 
chant, born  in  1710,  and  died  in  1790.  On  account  of 
the  magnitude  of  his  business  and  his  liberal  charac- 
ter, he  was  known  all  over  New  England  by  the  so- 
briquet of  King  Hooper.  The  portrait  was  painted 
in  1767  and  now  hangs  in  the  Boston  Museum  of 
Fine  Arts,  lent  by  Mrs.  Lathrop  Brown. 


I48  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  ROBERT  HOOPER 

The  size  of  this  picture  is  four  feet  two  inches  high 
by  three  feet  three  inches  wide.  It  is  of  three-fourths 
length.  She  is  represented  in  the  full  costume  of  the 
time,  very  rich  and  elaborate,  and  is  sitting  upon  a 
small  sofa.  She  is  one  of  the  three  wives  of  Robert 
Hooper,  known  as  King  Hooper,  whose  beautiful 
house  at  Danvers  still  remains.  This  picture  is  in 
the  Lenox  Collection  in  the  New  York  Public  Library. 

ROBERT  HOOPER,  JR. 

This  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  best  American 
period.  It  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches,  and  the 
subject  is  shown  three-quarters  length,  in  a  standing 
position.  He  holds  a  cane  in  his  left  hand  and  his 
right  hand  is  in  his  coat,  which  is  of  brown  material. 
The  picture  is  now  owned  by  Mr.  R.  H.  Stevenson 
of  Boston. 

MRS.  STEPHEN  HOOPER 

The  following  correspondence  between  Stephen 
Hooper  and  Henry  Pelham  would  indicate  that  Cop- 
ley possibly  made  a  portrait  of  Mrs.  Hooper.  She 
was  Sarah  Woodbridge  of  Newburyport. 

Newbury  Port,  iQth  Sept.,  1773 
Sir 

I  could  wish  Our  Friend  Mr.  Copley,  had  made 
equal  Dispatch  with  Mrs.  Hoopers  Picture,  as  we 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  149 

want  it  much ;  however,  I  suppose  him  much  hurried, 
as  I  hear  he  has  engaged  his  Passage,  but  hope  he'll 
finish  it  ere  he  leaves  his  Native  Place;  Mrs.  Hooper 
joins  me,  in  our  respectfull  Compliments  to  him,  his 
Lady  and  yourself;  and  believe  me  to  be  your  Friend 

Stephen  Hooper. 

JUDGE  MARTIN  HOWARD 

There  is  a  very  fine  example  of  Copley's  art  in  the 
portrait  of  Judge  Howard  of  South  Carolina.  It  is 
three-quarters  length  and  he  is  represented  in  the  red 
robe  of  an  English  judge  and  wears  a  white  wig. 
The  picture  hangs  in  the  Social  Law  Library  in 
Boston. 

RICHARD,  EARL  HOWE 

This  is  a  half  length  portrait  in  uniform.  An  en- 
graving was  made  by  Dunkarton  in  1794  and  pub- 
lished by  Copley.  Richard,  Earl  Howe,  was  born  in 
1726  and  died  in  1799.  He  was  Commander-in-Chief 
on  the  North  American  station  during  the  War  of 
the  Revolution. 

LORD  HOWE 

A  portrait  of  this  distinguished  officer,  made  in  a 
small  circle,  was  sold  by  the  executors  of  Lord  Lynd- 
hurst  in  March,  1864. 


ISO  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

DANIEL  HUBBARD 

A  life  sized,  three-fourths  length  picture,  the  can- 
vas being  four  feet  and  one  inch  in  length  by  three 
feet  four  inches  in  width.  He  is  in  full  dress,  with 
powdered  hair,  silk  stockings,  a  long  white  satin 
waistcoat,  with  wide  cuffs  lined  with  satin.  There 
are  ruffles  at  the  wrists.  This  picture  is  in  the  pos- 
session of  Mrs.  Tudor  of  Boston. 

MRS.  DANIEL  HUBBARD 

A  companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband.  She 
is  taken  standing  by  a  small  table,  on  which  one  arm 
rests,  and  the  other  is  crossed  over  it.  Her  black  hair 
is  combed  back  over  a  cushion,  and  around  her  neck 
is  a  ruff,  which,  according  to  the  fashion  of  that  time, 
was  fastened  by  a  bow  to  the  hair  behind.  The  dress 
is  of  golden  brown  satin,  low  in  the  neck,  and  decora- 
ted with  lace.  This  picture  is  in  the  possession  of 
Mrs.  Tudor  of  Boston. 

Miss  THANKFUL  HUBBARD 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  bill  for  this  minia- 
ture, but  the  whereabouts  of  the  picture  is  unknown. 

Boston,  May  20,  1758. 
Mrs.  Fayerweather 

To  J.  S.  Copley,  Dr. 

To  painting  a  picture  in  miniature  of  Miss  Thank- 
ful Hubbard,  one  guinea.  Received  the  contents. 

J.  S.  Copley. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  151 

THOMAS  HUBBARD 

This  picture  is  of  three-fourths  length.  He  was 
born  in  1702;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1721; 
and  died  in  1773.  He  was  Treasurer  of  the  College 
from  1752  to  1763,  and  resided  on  Summer  Street, 
on  the  site  of  the  store  of  C.  F.  Hovey  Company.  The 
dress  is  a  blue  morning  robe,  with  a  purple  cap.  Near 
him  is  a  table,  with  the  keys  of  the  College  upon  it. 
This  picture  is  in  the  possession  of  Harvard  College 
and  was  presented  by  Mrs.  Appleton. 

COLONELS  HUGO  AND  SCHLEPPENGULL 

These  two  fine  portrait  heads  on  one  canvas    are 

studies  for  the  large  picture  of  the  Siege  of  Gibraltar. 

They  were  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst  Sale  for  £10  IDS, 

and  now  belong  to  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston. 

Miss  ELIZA  HUNTER 

This  beautiful  portrait  is  in  miniature,  made  in 
England  in  1784  while  this  lady  was  abroad  with  her 
sister.  This  lady,  who  lived  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  never 
married.  Her  sisters  Katherine  and  Ann  married 
abroad. 

NATHANIEL  HURD 

He  was  born  February  12,  1730,  and  died  December 
17>  1777-  He  was  one  of  the  earliest  resident  en- 
gravers on  copper  in  New  England.  He  engraved 


152  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

several  of  Copley's  pictures,  a  miniature  likeness  of 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Sewall,  minister  of  the  Old  South  Church 
in  1864,  and  also  a  representation  of  the  Boston 
Massacre,  the  seal  of  Harvard  University,  and  many 
other  beautiful  specimens  of  heraldic  designs.  The 
head  is  completed,  but  the  rest  of  the  picture  is  un- 
finished. It  is  evident,  however,  that  Copley  in-, 
tended  to  represent  his  friend,  the  engraver,  charac- 
teristically at  work,  as  the  hands,  and  the  shirt  sleeves 
rolled  up,  are  more  than  indicated.  This  picture  is 
in  the  possession  of  a  descendant,  Nathaniel  Furness 
of  Tarrytown-on-the-Hudson. 

There  is  another  fine  picture  of  this  artist,  of  half 
length,  highly  finished,  representing  him  as  sitting  at 
a  table  on  which  are  two  books,  one  being  a  treatise 
on  heraldry.  He  is  dressed  in  a  morning  robe  with  a 
cap  on  his  head.  His  arms  rest  on  the  table,  the 
hands  being  clasped. 

THOMAS  HUTCHINSON 

Was  the  son  of  Thomas  Hutchinson  of  Boston,  and 
Sarah,  daughter  of  Colonel  John  Foster.  He  was 
born  in  Boston,  1711;  and  was  a  graduate  of  Harvard 
College,  1727.  He  served  as  a  representative  seven 
years,  and  as  Speaker  of  the  House  three  years;  was 
Judge  of  Probate  in  1 75  2,  and  a  Councillor  from  1 749  to 
1766.  He  was  Lieutenant-Governor  from  1758  to 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  153 

1771,  and  was  appointed  Chief-Justice  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  1760,  holding  says  Mr.  Drake,  "four 
high  offices  at  the  same  time."  He  was  appointed 
Governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1771.  A  very  able 
writer,  a  powerful  orator,  and  an  uncomprising 
Loyalist,  he  was  exceedingly  unpopular,  and  on  ac- 
count of  his  support  of  the  Stamp  Act,  his  house  was 
sacked  and  his  furniture  and  many  valuable  historical 
manuscripts  were  burned  in  the  street.  He  left  the 
country,  and  went  to  England  in  1774,  where  he  re- 
ceived a  pension  from  the  British  Government,  and 
died  at  Brompton  in  1780.  This  portrait  is  eighteen 
inches  high  by  fourteen  wide,  and  is  in  the  original 
frame.  It  represents  him  as  a  distinguished  man, 
dressed  in  a  light-colored  coat,  and  wearing  a  white 
wig.  The  picture  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society.  The  following  letter 
from  Copley  to  Pelham  evidently  refers  to  another 
picture. 

London,  Augt.  25,  1774. 
Dear  Brother, 

Please  to  send  enclosed  to  Gov.  Hutchinson  the 
drawing  I  took  of  him  with  a  pencil  some  years  since. 
You  may  if  you  please  keep  a  copy  of  it. 

I  shall  set  out  in  about  four  hours  for  Brighthem- 
stone  and  from  thence  take  ship  for  Diepe  in  France 
etc.,  etc.  God  bless  you.  Your  affect.  Brother, 

John  Singleton  Copley. 


154  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  THOMAS  HUTCHINSON 

The  portrait  of  Margaret  Safford,  wife  of  Governor 
Hutchinson,  is  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of 
Boston. 

GENERAL  HYATT 

This  portrait  of  an  English  general  is  in  Copley's 
latest  manner.  It  measures  twenty-two  inches  by 
thirty  and  represents  the  subject  dressed  in  the  red 
coat  of  a  British  officer.  He  wears  no  wig  but  his 
hair  is  powdered.  He  has  a  buff  waistcoat  and  his 
coat  is  trimmed  with  silver  lace.  His  left  hand 
grasps  his  sword  hilt,  which  rests  on  a  volume  marked 
"Mil  Essays."  The  picture  belongs  to  Mrs.  T. 
Jefferson  Cooldige,  Jr.,  of  Boston. 

MRS.  HENDERSON  INCHES 

She  was  the  second  wife  of  Henderson  Inches,  and  a 
daughter  of  Jonathan  Jackson.  The  picture  is  of 
three-fourths  length.  It  represents  a  lady  standing 
in  a  room  draped  with  dark  green  curtains.  To  the 
left  is  a  vase,  and  the  sky  beyond.  Her  dress  is  of 
rose-colored  satin,  looped  at  the  arms  with  jewels. 
Her  right  hand  holds  her  dress  back,  while  with  her 
left  she  seems  drawing  on  her  mantle.  Close  under 
her  chin  is  a  lace  tie.  Her  hair  is  without  powder, 
with  a  bow  on  the  top  of  her  head.  The  picture  be- 
longs to  Mrs.  John  Chester  Inches  of  Boston. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  155 

JARED  INGERSOLL 

This  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  best  English 
portrait  work.  It  is  of  a  very  handsome  and  dig- 
nified man  dressed  in  a  rich  coat  of  dark  salmon- 
colored  velvet,  with  waistcoat  embroidered  with  gold 
braid.  He  is  shown  seated,  holding  a  document 
folded  in  his  right  hand,  with  left  hand  resting  on  his 
knee.  Mr.  Ingersoll  was  an  active  Connecticut 
loyalist,  residing  in  Hartford.  He  was  sent  to  Eng- 
land with  arguments  intended  to  show  the  illegality 
of  the  Stamp  Act.  Returning  with  a  commission  as 
Stamp  Collector,  he  was  met  on  the  road  to  Hart- 
ford by  the  Sons  of  Liberty  and  forced  to  resign  his 
commission.  This  portrait  is  in  the  possession  of 
Mr.  Ingersoll  Amory  of  Boston. 

MRS.  ELIZABETH  INMAN 

She  was  a  sister  of  James  Murray,  and  with  him 
emigrated  to  America  in  1749.  She  married  first, 
Captain  Samuel  Campbell;  second,  Mr.  James  Smith, 
of  Milton,  in  1760;  and  third,  Mr.  Ralph  Inman,  of 
Cambridge.  She  died  in  Boston  in  1785.  This 
picture  was  painted  in  1769,  and  is  forty-nine  inches 
long  by  thirty-nine  in  width.  The  lady  is  dressed  in  a 
low  necked,  cinnamon-colored  robe.  Over  her 
shoulders  is  a  green  scarf,  and  her  sleeves  are  decor- 
ated with  rich  lace.  Her  hair  is  combed  back  over  a 


156  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

cushion,  ornamented  with  a  string  of  pearls.  In  her 
left  hand  she  holds  a  branch  with  peaches  upon  it, 
and  a  bunch  of  grapes.  This  picture  is  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Mrs.  R.  P.  Rogers,  granddaughter  of  Paul 
Revere,  Canton,  Mass. 

MR.  AND  MRS.  RALPH  IZARD 

This  picture,  now  hanging  in  the  Boston  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts,  was  painted  during  Copley's  visit  to 
Rome  in  1774  to  1775.  Mr.  Izard  was  a  wealthy 
planter  of  South  Carolina,  and  Mrs.  Izard  before  her 
marriage  was  Miss  Alice  De  Lancey  of  Mamaroneck, 
New  York.  The  figure  of  Mrs.  Izard  as  she  submits 
a  sketch  to  her  husband  is  full  of  charm  but  the  figure 
of  the  gentleman  is  rather  hard  and  stiff.  The  two 
people  are  seated  at  a  handsomely  carved  table  with 
drapery,  with  a  landscape  and  statue  showing  in  the 
background. 

JONATHAN  JACKSON 

A  noted  merchant,  and  a  descendant  in  the  fourth 
generation  from  Edward  Jackson,  one  of  the  first 
settlers  in  Cambridge,  and  afterwards  of  Newton. 
He  was  the  first  president  of  the  Boston  Bank,  hold- 
ing office  from  1803  to  his  death  in  1810.  This  is  a 
crayon  portrait,  and  one  of  five  portraits  of  him  by 
Copley.  It  is  on  a  sheet  of  paper,  showing  the  face 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  157 

only,  which  is  of  life  size.  It  is  in  the  possession  of 
Justice  O.  W.  Holmes,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Another  portrait  in  pastel  belonged  to  Henry  Lee, 
of  Brookline,  a  grandson  of  Mr.  Jackson.  It  meas- 
ures seventeen  by  twenty-three  inches,  and  was 
made  between  1761  and  1773.  The  subject  is 
dressed  in  a  morning  gown  of  green  with  a  velvet 
collar. 

Another  portrait  is  an  oval,  eighteen  by  twenty- 
two  inches.  He  is  represented  with  a  white  wig, 
wearing  a  blue  coat  with  a  double  row  of  brass  but- 
tons. The  picture  has  a  sky  background.  It  is  in 
the  possession  of  Mrs.  James  Jackson  of  Boston. 

Another  portrait  is  in  oil,  of  half  size,  seventeen  by 
twenty-three  inches.  He  is  dressed  in  a  loose  green 
morning  gown,  trimmed  with  pink,  a  ruffled  shirt, 
and  has  powdered  hair.  Mr.  Jackson  had  this  pic- 
ture painted  in  1768,  and  presented  it  to  his  sister, 
Mrs.  Wendell.  It  belongs  to  Mrs.  Charles  Upham 
of  Salem,  Mass. 

Another  picture  is  a  half  length,  standing,  with  a 
landscape  to  the  left  of  him.  It  is  in  the  artist's 
latest  manner,  being  taken  in  England.  It  was 
owned  by  his  granddaughter,  Susan  Cabot  Jackson, 
of  Boston. 


158  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  JONATHAN  JACKSON 

This  lady  was  Hannah,  daughter  of  Patrick  Tracy, 
a  very  distinguished  merchant  of  Newburyport. 
The  portrait  is  a  full  face,  the  hair  without  powder, 
but  decorated  with  a  string  of  small  pearls.  It  is 
now  owned  by  Mrs.  James  Jackson  of  Boston. 

REV.  JOSEPH  JACKSON 

There  is  a  portrait  of  this  gentleman,  who  was  pas- 
tor of  the  Church  of  Christ  in  Brookline.  He  was 
born  in  1734;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1753; 
and  was  minister  at  Brookline  from  1760  until  his 
death  in  1796.  The  picture  is  owned  by  Mrs. 
Atherton  Brown  of  Boston. 

Miss  JACKSON 

A  portrait  of  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Joseph  Jackson 
was  made  by  Copley  according  to  a  bill  of  which  the 
following  is  a  copy. 

1765  Dr.  Joseph  Jackson  Esqr.       To  J.  S.  Copley, 
To  one  Portrait  of  ^  By  an  order      ^ 

his  Daughter  at      V  £i  1-4-0  in  favour  of      V  £9-6-8 
Eight  Guineas  William  Miller  J 

By  your  acct.     1-17-4 
Boston  2$th  March  1769  £11-4-0 
Errors  Excepted,  John  Singleton  Copley 
The  above  bill  is  in  the  Chamberlain  Collection  in 
the  Boston  Public  Library. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  159 

GEORGE  JAFFREY 

This  is  an  early  example  of  Copley's  work,  measur- 
ing twenty-five  by  thirty  inches.  The  subject  is 
shown  at  half  length  and  full  face.  He  is  dressed  in 
brown  coat  with  buttons  on  the  cuffs,  and  white  wig. 
George  Jaffrey  was  born  in  1717,  graduated  at  Har- 
vard in  1736,  and  died  in  1802.  He  was  a  strong 
loyalist,  a  Treasurer  and  Councillor  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, resigning  his  office  in  1776.  This  portrait  be- 
longs to  Mr.  William  A.  Jeffries  of  Boston. 

MRS.  GEORGE  JAFFREY 

She  was  Lucy,  daughter  of  John  Winthrop.  She 
died  in  1776.  This  is  an  early  example  of  Copley's 
work.  It  is  companion  in  size  to  that  of  her  husband. 
She  has  black  hair  with  a  comb  ornamented  with 
brilliants  and  there  are  also  brilliants  in  the  trim- 
ming of  her  dress  and  a  pendant  on  her  sleeve.  She 
wears  a  green  velvet  scarf.  The  portrait  belongs  to 
Mr.  William  A.  Jeffries  of  Boston. 

MRS.  JEPHSON 

She  was  a  daughter  of  Thomas  Flucker,  Secretary 
of  the  Province  of  Massachusetts,  and  a  portrait  of 
her  by  Copley  is  mentioned  in  a  letter  from  Mrs. 
Urquhart  to  her  sister,  Mrs.  General  Knox.  This 
letter  is  among  the  papers  of  Admiral  Thacher.  It  is 


160  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

stated  that  she  died  early,  and  left  no  children.  In  a 
note  from  William  Knox,  1783,  he  says,  "Miss  Fluck- 
er  is  made  the  happy  wife  of  a  member  of  the  Irish 
Parliament.  Mr.  Jephson  is  an  admirable  man,  has  a 
handsome  fortune,  besides  large  expectations."  The 
whereabouts  of  this  picture  is  unknown. 

BENJAMIN  JOHNSTONE 

A  portrait  of  this  gentleman,  who  was  an  early 
organ  builder,  and  who  married  in  1770  Anne  Stick- 
ney  of  Newburyport,  is  owned  by  Mrs.  Charles  S. 
Hanks  of  Brookline. 

WILLIAM  JONES 

A  half  length  picture,  representing  a  young  man  of 
nineteen  or  twenty  years  of  age.  He  is  dressed  in  a 
gray  coat,  and  is  in  a  standing  attitude.  The  por- 
trait was  in  the  possession  of  a  relation,  Miss  Jane 
Welles  of  Boston. 

SIR  EDWARD  KNATCHBULL'S  FAMILY 

There  are  twelve  in  the  group.  The  picture  was 
commenced  in  1800  and  finished  several  years  later. 
It  is  still  in  the  possession  of  the  family.  It  was  little 
known  owing  to  the  unwillingness  of  the  family  to 
exhibit  it  or  to  have  it  engraved. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  161 

JUDGE  WOODBURY  LANGDON 
Born  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  1739.  Died  there 
January  1805.  A  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
New  Hampshire,  1782  and  1786-90,  and  a  brother  of 
Governor  John  Langdon.  The  portrait  was  painted 
about  1775,  a  very  short  time  before  Copley's  depar- 
ture. This  portrait  and  also  that  of  Mrs.  Langdon 
hung  in  Shirley  House,  Roxbury,  for  fifty  years 
during  its  occupancy  by  Mrs.  William  Eustis,  widow 
of  Governor  Eustis.  Prior  to  this  time  the  portraits 
hung  in  the  house  now  known  as  the  Rockingham 
Hotel  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  which  house  was  built 
by  Judge  Woodbury  Langdon  as  his  private  residence, 
the  bricks  being  brought  from  England.  These  por- 
traits also  hung  at  Wentworth  House,  possibly  for 
only  a  few  years.  Copies  of  these  pictures  are  owned 
by  Mrs.  Charles  S.  Hamlin  of  Boston,  and  also  by 
Mrs.  Anna  Parker  Pruyn  of  Albany,  N.  Y.,  descen- 
dants of  Judge  Langdon,  and  there  is  one  also  in  the 
Senate  Chamber  in  the  New  Hampshire  State  House. 
The  original  picture  is  of  life  size  and  three-quarters 
length.  He  is  standing,  dressed  in  a  rich  costume  of 
the  period,  being  a  coat  of  brown  cloth  trimmed  with 
gold  lace  and  a  green  satin  waistcoat.  The  hair  is 
brushed  back  and  worn  in  a  queue.  The  original 
portrait  is  owned  by  Woodbury  G.  Langdon  of  New 
York. 


162  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  WOODBURY  LANGDON 

This  is  a  three-fourths  length  picture,  a  companion 
to  that  of  her  husband,  Judge  Langdon.  She  is 
standing  dressed  in  white  satin  with  a  violet  scarf 
around  her  shoulders.  She  has  lace  sleeves,  and  her 
hair  is  brushed  back.  A  string  of  pearls  is  around  her 
neck,  while  in  her  arms  she  holds  a  quantity  of  loose 
flowers.  Copies  of  this  portrait  are  owned  by  Mrs. 
Charles  S.  Hamlin  of  Boston,  and  by  Mrs.  Anna 
Parker  Pruyn  of  Albany,  N.  Y.  The  original  is 
owned  by  Woodbury  G.  Langdon  of  New  York. 

HENRY  LAURENS 

Of  Charleston,  S.  C.  He  was  born  in  1724;  was 
chosen  President  of  the  Provincial  Congress  Nov.  I, 
1777;  Minister  Plenipotentiary  to  Holland  in  1779; 
signed  with  Franklin  and  Jay  the  preliminaries  of  the 
treaty  of  peace  in  1782;  and  died  in  1792.  This  fine 
picture  represents  Mr.  Laurens  seated  in  a  chair,  in  a 
court  dress,  wearing  a  sword.  His  right  hand  rests 
upon  a  paper  on  a  table.  The  picture  was  painted 
in  London  in  1782,  and  an  engraving  of  it  by  Valen- 
tine is  now  in  Massachusetts  Hall,  Cambridge  and 
there  is  also  one  in  the  Old  State  House,  Boston. 
The  picture  was  burned  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1861, 
being  owned  at  the  time  by  John  Laurens. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  163 

A  fine  half  length  portrait  is  owned  by  Alex.  Smith 
Cochran  of  New  York. 

JUDGE  PETER  LEIGH 

In  a  letter  dated  January  7,  1763,  from  Samuel 
Fayerweather  to  Copley,  mention  is  made  of  a  por- 
trait of  Judge  Leigh.  He  was  born  in  1710,  died  in 
1759,  and  was  Chief- Justice  of  South  Carolina.  His 
only  surviving  son  was  Sir  Egerton  Leigh,  whose 
controversy  with  Henry  Laurens  gave  occasion  to  an 
interesting  series  of  pamphlets  before  the  War  of 
Independence.  The  portrait  is  probably  still  in  the 
south. 

DR.  JOSEPH  LEMMON 

He  was  an  eminent  physician,  a  graduate  of  Har- 
vard College  in  1735.  He  married  for  a  first  wife,  a 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Swett,  a  beautiful  woman, 
who  died  young.  His  second  wife  was  a  daughter  of 
General  Gookin.  Dr.  Lemmon  was  the  great  grand- 
father of  General  William  Raymond  Lee.  The 
whereabouts  of  this  picture  is  unknown. 

COLONEL  JEREMIAH  LEE 

The  father  of  Colonel  W.  R.  Lee  of  the  Continental 
Army.  This  picture  is  signed  with  a  monogram,  and 
dated  1769.  It  is  eight  feet  in  length  by  five  feet  in 
width,  and  is  in  the  original  frame.  It  represents 


164  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Colonel  Lee  standing,  his  left  hand  resting  on  a  table 
and  holding  a  letter,  with  his  right  hand  upon  his 
hip.  He  is  dressed  in  a  suit  of  brown  velvet,  laced 
with  gold,  and  wears  a  full  white  wig.  From  the 
window  there  is  a  landscape  view.  The  whole  is 
painted  with  uncommon  care.  This  picture,  also 
that  of  Mrs.  Lee,  formerly  belonged  to  the  Tracy 
family  of  Newburyport,  and  now  belongs  to  Thomas 
Amory  Lee,  being  loaned  in  1908  to  the  Museum  of 
Fine  Arts,  Boston. 

MRS.  JEREMIAH  LEE 

Her  maiden  name  was  Martha  Sweet.  This  is  a 
companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband,  and  is 
also  signed  with  a  monogram  and  dated  1769.  Mrs. 
Lee  is  represented  as  ascending  the  steps  of  a  terrace* 
beyond  which  there  is  a  beautiful  landscape  with 
mountains  and  a  river.  Her  dress  is  of  golden  brown 
satin,  with  a  mantle  of  blue.  Over  her  shoulders  she 
has  an  ermine  cape,  and  in  the  lap  of  her  dress  she 
carries  grapes  and  fruits,  beautifully  painted.  Her 
eyes  are  black  and  brilliant,  her  hair  is  without  pow- 
der, and  her  ornaments  are  pearls.  This  picture 
shows  marks  of  great  care  and  study,  and  is  an  ad- 
mirable specimen  of  Copley's  manner  at  that  period 
of  his  life.  It  belongs  to  Thomas  Amory  Lee  and 
was  loaned  to  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  Boston,  in 
1908. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  165 

DANIEL  LEONARD 

There  is  a  small  portrait  measuring  sixteen  by 
eighteen  inches  of  Judge  Leonard  of  life  size,  but 
showing  only  head  and  shoulders.  He  was  a  resident 
of  Taunton,  was  an  ardent  loyalist,  and  it  is  be- 
lieved the  letters  signed  "Massachusettensis"  in  the 
Massachusetts  Gazette  were  written  by  him.  This 
portrait  now  belongs  to  the  Old  Colony  Historical 
Society. 

THOMAS  LEWIS 

He  was  a  merchant,  born  in  Boston,  November  15, 
1735,  and  died  at  Marblehead,  December  21,  1801, 
aged  sixty-six  years.  The  dress  is  a  long  coat,  with 
deep  cuffs,  a  long  waistcoat,  trimmed  with  silver  lace, 
and  deep  ruffles  around  the  wrists.  The  position 
shows  the  head  resting  on  the  right  hand,  the  elbow 
on  a  ledger.  In  the  left  hand  is  an  open  letter.  An 
inkstand  with  pen  stands  on  the  table.  This  portrait 
is  in  the  possession  of  Lewis  Johnson,  Plainfield,  N.  J. 

JEAN  ETIENNE  LIOTARD 

This  is  a  crayon  portrait  showing  the  subject  in  a 
turban  with  heavy  black  beard,  sash,  and  elaborately 
ornamented  vest  and  jacket.  This  portrait  to- 
gether with  those  of  Mr.  John  Powell  and  Mrs.  John 
Powell  belonged  to  a  Mrs.  Warren,  a  member  of  the 


166  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Powell  family  living  in  England.  After  her  death  her 
husband  sent  them  to  Eliza  Powell,  eldest  daughter  of 
Chief- Justice  William  Dummer  Powell.  The  letter 
advising  of  the  shipment  says  "We  are  sending  you 
the  three  Copley  pictures,  etc."  The  three  pictures 
are  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Aemilius  Jarvis  of  Tor- 
onto. Reference  is  made  in  the  "Copley-Pelham 
Letters"  to  Monsieur  Liotard  in  Copley's  handwrit- 
ing, unsigned  and  without  address.  Upon  another 
sheet  is  written  in  a  different  handwriting  "A  Mon- 
sieur Liotard,  fameux  Peintre  a  Geneve  en  Suisse." 
Liotard,  1702-1790,  was  surnamed  "The  Turk"  be- 
cause of  his  adopting  the  Turkish  costume.  Liotard 
is  remembered  chiefly  for  his  delicate  pastel  draw- 
ings, of  which  the  Chocolate  Girl  is  one  of  the  best 
known. 

LORD  LITTLETON  AND  FAMILY 
This  is  a  large  group  picture  containing  several 
portraits.  It  was  exhibited  at  Manchester,  England, 
in  1857.  The  picture  now  belongs  to  the  present 
Lord  Littleton.  The  Littleton  of  the  portrait  group 
was  William  Henry,  First  Baron;  born  1724,  died 
1808.  Governor  of  South  Carolina,  1755-62. 

MRS.  JUDGE  LIVERMORE 

She  was  a  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Arthur  Browne,  of 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.  This  portrait  is  owned  by  James 
H.  Ford,  of  New  York. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  167 

MRS.   JOHN  LIVINGSTON 

This  portrait,  measuring  twenty-five  by  thirty 
inches,  is  in  the  New  York  Historical  Society.  It  is 
in  such  bad  condition  that  it  is  difficult  to  determine 
whether  it  is  properly  attributed  to  Copley.  She 
belonged  to  the  De  Peyster  family.  Her  dress  is  of 
brown  silk,  a  white  corsage  cut  low,  and  she  wears 
a  white  lace  cap. 

MRS.  LLOYD 

This  portrait  of  Mrs.  Lloyd  as  Miranda,  meas- 
ures twenty  by  twenty-four  inches.  It  was  shown 
at  the  Guildhall  in  1904  and  belongs  to  Mr.  Harold 
Burke  of  London. 

HANNAH  LORING 

Married  Joshua  Winslow.  This  three-quarter 
length  standing  figure  of  a  handsome  woman  is  in 
Copley's  latest  American  style.  It  measures  forty 
inches  by  fifty.  She  is  dressed  in  a  changeable  blue 
silk,  cut  low  in  the  neck,  with  elbow  sleeves.  Both 
corsage  and  sleeves  are  lace-trimmed  and  she  wears 
white  gloves  reaching  to  the  elbows.  A  bow  of  blue 
decorates  the  centre  of  the  corsage  and  also  fastens 
the  hair  in  the  back.  She  wears  her  hair  brushed  back 
from  her  forehead  and  is  engaged  in  picking  roses. 
Her  right  hand  rests  at  her  waist,  a  lace-trimmed  hat 


168  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

hanging  from  her  arm.     The  portrait  is  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Justice  William  Caleb  Loring  of  Boston. 

THE  LOVERS 

A  picture  measuring  sixteen  by  twenty  inches,  at- 
tributed to  Copley,  was  sold  at  Christies  in  London  in 
1909. 

JUDGE  JOHN  LOWELL 

Was  born  in  1743,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1760  and  died  in  1802.  He  was  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Appeals  in  1783,  of  the  United  States  District  Court 
in  1789,  and  was  Chief-Justice  of  the  Circuit  Court  for 
Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  and  Massachu- 
setts. He  was  distinguished  at  the  bar  and  upon  the 
bench.  He  is  here  represented  in  miniature,  most 
beautifully  painted,  in  full  white  wig,  and  blue  silk 
figured  robe.  On  the  back  of  this  miniature  there  are 
represented  a  number  of  trees  and  a  temple;  two 
angels  fly  over  the  trees  holding  a  wreath,  and  in  the 
hand  of  one  of  them  is  a  torch.  This  miniature 
belonged  to  Mrs.  Colonel  George  M.  Barnard,  a  great 
granddaughter  of  Judge  Lowell. 

CAPTAIN  LYDE 

Who  at  one  time  commanded  the  ship  Galen,  was 
said  to  have  been  painted  by  Copley,  and  the  portrait 
was  in  the  possession  of  Miss  Maria  Lyde,  his  daugh- 
ter, in  1866. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  169 

LORD  LYNDHURST,  P.C.,  F.R.S.,  D.C.L. 

Cunningham,  the  English  author,  in  "British 
Painters,"  and  also  Dunlap,  refer  to  a  portrait  of  his 
son,  painted  by  Copley  in  1814.  The  family  know 
nothing  of  the  whereabouts  of  this  portrait.  John 
Singleton  Copley,  Lord  Lyndhurst,  was  born  in 
Boston  in  1772.  In  1776  he  joined  his  father  in 
London.  He  was  educated  in  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, and  then  entered  the  bar,  soon  distinguishing 
himself  as  a  lawyer.  He  was  knighted,  and  as  Sir 
John  Copley,  he  filled,  with  great  credit  to  himself, 
the  high  offices  of  Chief- Justice  of  Chester,  in  1818; 
Solicitor-General,  in  1819;  Attorney-General,  in  1824; 
and  Master  of  the  Rolls,  in  1826.  On  the  retirement 
of  the  Earl  of  Eldon,  in  1827,  he  was  created  Baron 
Lyndhurst,  and  constituted  Lord-Chancellor  of  Eng- 
land. In  1830,  his  lordship  resigned  the  Great  Seal, 
and  in  1831  was  appointed  Lord  Chief  Baron  of  the 
Exchequer.  In  1834,  by  a  change  in  the  Ministry,  he 
became  Lord  Chancellor  for  the  second  term,  on 
which  occasion,  however,  he  retained  the  Great  Seal 
but  for  a  short  time.  In  the  year  1841,  he  was  ap- 
pointed Lord  Chancellor  for  the  third  time.  Lord 
Lyndhurst,  from  this  period,  took  an  active  part  in 
the  legislation  of  the  country.  One  of  his  most  in- 
timate friends  was  Lord  Chancellor  Brougham.  He 


170  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

preserved  his  vigor  of  intellect  to  the  last,  and  his 
great  speech,  which  was  on  the  subject  of  the  navy  of 
Great  Britain,  made  in  the  House  of  Lords  at  the  age 
of  eighty-eight,  only  a  short  time  before  his  death, 
was  said  at  the  time  to  have  equalled,  if  it  did  not 
surpass,  any  speech  he  ever  made.  He  died  in  1863. 

Lord  Lyndhurst  is  represented  as  the  Red  Cross 
Knight,  in  the  large  picture  owned  by  Mr.  Gordon 
Dexter  of  Boston. 

In  the  will  of  Georgina,  Baroness  Lyndhurst  who 
was  a  daughter  of  Lewis  Goldsmith  of  Paris,  the 
widow  of  Lord  Lyndhurst,  she  bequeathes  the  portrait 
of  Lyndhurst  by  his  father  to  her  step-daughter,  the 
Hon.  Mrs.  Sophia  Clarence  Beckett.  Lady  Lynd- 
hurst died  in  London,  December  22,  1901,  aged 
ninety-four. 

THOMAS  MANN 

This  picture  is  three  feet  high  by  two  feet  eight 
inches  wide.  The  gentleman  is  represented  as  stand- 
ing with  his  hat  under  his  arm.  He  wears  a  white 
wig  and  is  in  the  costume  of  the  times;  both  hands  are 
painted.  This  picture  was  owned  by  John  G.  Met- 
calf  of  Mendon,  Mass. 

MRS.  THOMAS  MANN 

A  companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband.  The 
hair  is  combed  back,  and  a  long  curl  hangs  upon  her 
shoulder.  The  dress,  which  is  in  the  fashion  of  the 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  171 

times,  is  of  a  green  shade;  a  reddish  mantle  passes 
over  her  left  shoulder,  and  lies  upon  her  lap.  In  her 
hands  she  holds  a  string  of  beads.  It  is  said  that  the 
two  portraits  were  painted  as  early  as  1753.  It  was 
in  the  possession  of  John  G.  Metcalf  of  Mendon,  Mass. 

LORD  MANSFIELD 

This  well  known  picture  is  in  the  National  Gallery 
in  London.  William  Murray,  first  Earl  of  Mansfield, 
was  born  in  1705  and  died  in  London  in  1793.  It  is  a 
full  length  portrait,  seated,  in  full  robes  of  office. 
He  holds  a  roll  of  manuscript  in  his  left  hand  and  his 
right  hand  rests  on  a  table.  There  is  an  interior  of  a 
room  as  a  background. 

JUDGE  HENRY  MARCHANT 

He  was  born  in  1741;  LL.D.  of  Yale  College  in 
1792;  and  died  in  1796.  He  was  Attorney-General  of 
Rhode  Island,  an  ardent  patriot,  a  member  of  Con- 
gress, and  Judge  of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court. 
The  picture,  painted  in  1791,  is  oval  in  shape.  His 
right  hand  is  open  and  held  against  his  left  breast. 
The  portrait  is  owned  by  Frank  E.  Marchant  of 
West  Kingston,  R.  I. 

MRS.  HENRY  MARCHANT 

A  portrait  of  this  lady,  who  was  Rebecca  Cooke,  a 
companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband,  is  owned 
by  Frank  E.  Marchant  of  West  Kingston,  R.  I. 


172  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MARS,  VENUS  AND  VULCAN 

This  allegorical  picture  by  Copley  measures  twenty- 
five  by  thirty  inches.  Vulcan  with  his  anvil  and 
forge,  seems  engaged  in  making  darts,  one  of  which 
Venus  throws  at  Mars.  The  picture  is  signed  and 
dated  1754,  and  at  one  time  belonged  to  Mrs.  H.  B. 
Chapman  of  Bridgewater,  Mass.,  and  has  been  ex- 
hibited at  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 

COLONEL  THOMAS  MARSHALL 

Who  commanded  the  Tenth  Massachusetts  Regi- 
ment at  Valley  Forge.  He  was  one  of  the  Selectmen 
of  Boston  when  the  town  was  invested  by  the  troops 
under  command  of  General  Washington.  He  at  one 
time  commanded  at  Castle  Island,  now  Fort  In- 
dependence. The  size  of  the  portrait  is  five  feet 
long  by  four  wide.  It  is  full  length,  representing 
Colonel  Marshall  seated.  The  costume  is  a  brown 
velvet  suit  of  the  time.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  the 
family. 

MRS.  THOMAS  MARSHALL 

Was  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Allen,  of  Gloucester,  and 
was  the  second  wife  of  Colonel  Thomas  Marshall. 
Her  dress  is  white  satin,  in  the  fashion  of  the  times, 
the  bodice  and  sleeves  decorated  with  lace.  Her  hair 
is  drawn  back  over  a  cushion,  and  ornamented  with 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  173 

flowers  and  lace.     This  picture  was  owned  by  John  L. 
Hayes  of  Cambridge. 

FLORA  MACDONALD 

Celebrated  for  aiding  in  the  escape  of  Charles 
Edward,  the  Young  Pretender,  born  South-Uist, 
Scotland,  1720;  died  March  4,  1790.  Daughter  of 
MacDonald  of  Milton.  In  1750  she  married  Alex- 
ander MacDonald,  with  whom  she  came  to  North 
Carolina  in  1773,  and  settled  in  Fayetteville.  He  was 
a  captain  in  the  Loyal  Highlanders;  and,  after 
experiencing  reverses  of  various  kinds,  they  returned 
to  Skye,  Scotland,  before  the  end  of  the  Revolu- 
tionary War.  She  gave  a  proof  of  her  courage  during 
an  attack  on  the  ship  while  on  the  voyage  home, 
taking  part  in  the  action,  in  which  her  arm  was 
accidentally  broken.  Two  of  her  sons  were  Loyalist 
officers  in  the  Revolutionary  War.  One  of  them, 
John,  an  accomplished  scholar,  lieutenant-colonel, 
and  a  fellow  of  the  Royal  Society,  died  August  16, 
1831,  aged  72.  This  portrait  was  owned  in  Foxboro, 

Mass. 

MRS.  MACPHEADRIS 

The  size  of  this  picture  is  fifty  inches  long  by  thirty- 
nine  wide.  She  was  Sarah,  a  daughter  of  Governor 
John  Wentworth,  and  married  the  Hon.  Archibald 
Macpheadris,  a  member  of  the  King's  Council  in 
1724.  She  is  represented  as  sitting,  one  arm  resting 


174  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

upon  a  table.  She  has  a  dark  complexion,  dark  hair 
and  eyes,  and  presents  a  very  spirited  countenance. 
Her  dress  is  of  brown  satin,  ornamented  with  jewels 
and  laces.  This  picture  hangs  in  the  house  built 
by  Archibald  Macpheadris  in  1721,  where  it  has  been 
ever  since  it  was  painted.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  a 
descendant,  Miss  E.  Sherburne  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H. 

MRS.  MARRYAT 

The  mother  of  the  novelist.  A  portrait  is  said  to 
be  in  the  possession  of  the  family  in  England. 

JUDGE  NYMPHUS  MARSTON 

Was  born  at  Marston  Mills,  in  1728,  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1749,  and  died  in  Boston,  while  in 
attendance  as  a  delegate  for  the  ratification  of  the 
Federal  Constitution,  in  1788.  Judge  Marston  was 
noted  for  his  learning  and  patriotism  and  was  one  of 
the  principal  landowners  in  Barnstable  County. 
He  was  often  called  upon  and  did  make  large  ad- 
vances towards  the  expenses  of  the  war,  as  the 
receipts  among  his  papers  show.  The  portrait  is  of 
full  length,  in  a  sitting  position.  The  dress  is  velvet, 
laced  with  gold,  and  silk  stockings.  The  right  hand, 
holding  a  pen,  rests  upon  a  table.  This  fine  picture 
was  in  the  possession  of  his  descendant,  George 
Marston,  a  distinguished  lawyer  of  New  Bedford, 
Mass. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  175 

COLONEL  JOSEPH  MAY 

This  picture  measures  nine  inches  by  twelve.  It 
represents  a  young  man  dressed  in  a  dark  green  silk 
coat,  the  hair  drawn  back  and  tied.  It  is  in  the 
possession  of  Mrs.  F.  A.  Pratt  of  Concord,  Mass. 

REV.  JONATHAN  MAYHEW 

This  was  a  crayon  of  half  size.  The  subject  was 
represented  as  dressed  in  robes  with  a  white  wig.  He 
was  a  prolific  writer,  an  associate  of  Otis  and  other 
patriots  of  the  day,  and  renowned  for  great  learning 
and  ability.  He  was  born  in  1720,  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1744,  was  pastor  of  West  Church, 
Boston,  from  1747  to  his  death,  received  the  degree 
of  S.T.D.  from  Aberdeen  in  1749,  and  died  July  9, 
1766.  This  picture  was  destroyed  in  the  great  fire 
in  Boston  in  November,  1872. 

MRS.  JONATHAN  MAYHEW 

Whose  maiden  name  was  Elizabeth  Clarke,  daugh- 
ter of  Dr.  John  Clarke.  It  was  a  three-fourths 
length  portrait.  Although  a  belle  of  the  times,  she 
married  the  Rev.  Dr.  Mayhew.  The  dress  was  a 
white  satin  robe,  with  a  blue  mantle  and  hat.  In 
her  right  hand  she  carried  a  rosebud,  while  in  her 
left  she  held  a  basket  of  flowers.  This  picture  was 
in  the  possession  of  her  grandson,  Peter  Wainwright, 
but  was  destroyed  by  the  great  fire  in  Boston  in  1872. 


176  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

DR.  ALEXANDER  McWnoRTER 

This  portrait,  painted  in  1769,  measures  twenty- 
five  by  thirty  inches,  is  in  the  permanent  collection 
of  the  Yale  School  of  the  Fine  Arts,  New  Haven. 
He  was  born  July  15,  1734  and  died  July  20,  1807. 
Graduated  at  Yale  College,  Class  of  1776.  Served 
near  Newark,  N.  J.,  in  1759.  Employed  in  a  Mission 
to  North  Carolina  an  1764-6  and  in  1775  was  sent 
by  Congress  to  persuade  the  loyalists  of  that  state 
to  adopt  the  patriot  cause.  Chaplain  to  Knox's 
brigade  in  1778. 

MRS.  ALEXANDER  McWnoRTER 

This  is  a  companion  portrait  to  that  of  her  hus- 
band, and  also  is  in  the  Yale  School  of  the  Fine  Arts. 
A  copy  of  the  bill  for  these  two  portraits  is  shown  with 
that  of  Mrs.  Bacon. 

WILLIAM  MERCHANT 

Was  born  in  1752,  and  was  one  of  the  four  young 
men  who  were  attacked  by  the  soldiers  of  the  British 
Regiment,  just  previous  to  the  Boston  Massacre, 
the  three  others  being  Edward  and  Francis  Archi- 
bald and  John  Leach.  Mr.  Merchant  was  also  one 
of  the  number  of  the  famous  Tea  Party.  He  was 
the  son  of  William  Merchant  and  Sarah  Dennie. 
The  portrait  is  of  a  child  some  five  years  of  age,  and 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  177 

is  of  life  size  and  of  more  than  half  length.  He  is 
dressed  in  a  gray  coat  and  blue  waistcoat,  and  has  a 
black  ribbon  around  his  neck,  with  a  hat  under  his 
arm.  This  picture  was  painted  about  1757,  and 
came  through  Chief-Justice  Richardson,  of  New 
Hampshire,  a  great  nephew  to  Mr.  French,  of 
Concord,  N.  H.  It  has  always  been  in  the  family. 

A  small  portrait  in  Copley's  early  manner  repre- 
sents William  Merchant  at  the  age  of  six  years.  It 
belongs  to  the  estate  of  W.  M.  R.  French,  Chicago. 

THOMAS  MIFFLIN  AND  His  WIFE 
The  portrait  of  Governor  Thomas  Mifflin  and  his 
wife,  Sarah  Morris,  on  one  canvas  measuring  forty- 
seven  by  sixty  inches  is  in  the  Historical  Society  of 
Pennsylvania.  It  shows  a  thin,  angular  man,  with 
powdered  hair,  gray  clothes,  seated  with  his  wife  at 
a  table.  His  forefinger  is  between  the  pages  of  a 
book.  Mrs.  Mifflin  is  engaged  in  making  a  white 
fringe  on  a  mahogany  frame.  The  picture  was  a 
bequest  of  Mrs.  Esther  F.  Wistar.  Governor  Mifflin 
was  born  in  1744  and  died  in  1800.  He  was  Governor 
of  Pennsylvania  from  1791  to  1800. 

WILLIAM  SHEARER  MILLER 

Was  born  near  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  about  1723. 
He  became  a  successful  merchant  of  Salem,  Mass., 


178  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

and  later  of  Boston,  but  being  a  staunch  Loyalist, 
he  removed  with  his  family  to  Jamaica,  W.  I.,  in 
1776,  at  the  outbreak  of  hostilities  in  this  country. 
This  is  a  miniature  portrait,  painted  on  ivory,  and 
was  executed  for  Miller  as  a  wedding  present  to  his 
daughter,  Abigail,  who  was  married  in  1770.  Paul 
Revere's  bill  for  furnishing  the  gold  locket  which 
contains  this  portrait,  is  believed  to  be  still  in  exist- 
ence and  in  the  possession  of  one  of  Miller's  descend- 
ants in  Jamaica.  The  portrait  is  beautifully  painted. 
It  is  owned  by  Frederick  J.  White  of  Manchester, 
Mass. 

MONMOUTH  BEFORE  JAMES  II 

This  is  a  large,  but  very  unfinished  example  of 
Copley's  historical  pictures,  representing  Monmouth 
refusing  to  give  the  names  of  his  accomplices.  It  was 
in  the  Lyndhurst  Sale  in  1864  and  exhibited  in  this 
country  in  1914. 

A  sketch  for  the  picture  is  owned  by  Lord  Aberdare 
of  London. 

MRS.  MARY  ELIZABETH  MONTAGUE 
A  portrait  of  this  lady  was  sold  at  Christie's  in 
London  at  auction  in  1903  and  evidently  another 
portrait  measuring  eighteen  by  twenty-five  inches 
was  sold  at  the  same  place  in  1907  and  again  in  1908 
to  a  buyer  by  the  name  of  Ogilvie. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  179 

MRS.  MONTAGUE  AND  ROBERT  COPLEY 
In  a  letter  to  her  daughter  Mrs.  Greene,  in  1804, 
Mrs.  Copley  mentions  these  portraits  as  having  been 
painted  on  one  canvas.  The  picture  was  exhibited 
in  the  Royal  Academy  in  1804.  Mrs.  E.  H.  Harri- 
man  owns  a  picture  which  corresponds  to  this  title, 
said  to  be  by  Copley. 

LORD  DORCHESTER 

This  portrait  of  Colonel  Guy  Carleton,  afterward 
Baron  Dorchester,  was  sold  at  Christie's,  London, 
in  1908.  He  was  born  in  1724  and  died  in  1808,  was 
Governor  of  Quebec  in  1775,  defeated  the  Americans 
at  Champlain,  October,  1776,  was  Commander-in- 
Chief  in  America  in  1782,  and  was  created  Baron 
in  1786. 

THE  ARREST  OF  A  CONSPIRATOR 

A  drawing  in  water  color  measuring  twenty-five 
by  thirty  inches  of  this  subject  was  sold  at  auction 
in  London  in  1902. 

MRS.  MONTE  MONTESQUE 

She  was  Margaret  Schoolcraft  and  married  first 
Col.  Montesque  and  second  Crean  Bush.  The 
whereabouts  of  the  portrait  is  not  known. 

MAJOR  MONTGOMERY 

A  portrait  of  this  officer  was  shown  at  the  Royal 
Academy  in  1780. 


i8o  JOHN  SINGLETON.  COPLEY 

SIR  JONATHAN  MOUNTFORT 

This  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  English  portrait- 
ure. It  is  owned  by  Miss  Nancy  M.  Sanborn  of 
Detroit,  Michigan. 

SIR  JOHN  MOORE 

This  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  English  portraits. 
This  picture  measures  twenty-five  by  thirty  inches, 
and  shows  head  and  shoulders,  the  body  turned 
slightly  to  the  left,  and  the  head  turned  three- 
quarters  to  the  right.  He  is  dressed  in  the  red  coat 
of  the  British  with  the  epaulets  of  his  rank.  His  hair 
is  gray  and  he  wears  a  black  stock.  Sir  John  Moore, 
a  distinguished  English  General,  was  born  1761, 
and  was  killed  in  battle  at  Corunna,  Spain,  1809. 
He  commanded  numerous  expeditions,  one  to  the 
West  Indies  in  1798  and  to  Ireland  during  the  rebel- 
lion of  the  same  year;  to  Holland  in  1799;  to  Egypt 
in  1801  with  Abercrombie;  and  he  served  in  Sweden 
and  Sicily  in  1808.  He  received  the  decoration  of 
the  Order  of  the  Bath  and  was  known  to  all  for  his 
resourcefulness  and  his  valor.  Monuments  to  his 
memory  were  erected  on  the  field  of  battle  where  he 
met  his  death,  and  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  See 
Wilkie's  poem,  "The  Burial  of  Sir  John  Moore,"  also 
Greene's  "History  of  the  English  People."  The  por- 
trait belongs  to  Robert  H.  Thorne  of  Chicago. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  181 

HON.  JAMES  MURRAY 

Was  born  August  9,  1713,  the  son  of  John  Murray, 
and  grandson  of  Sir  James  Murray,  of  Philipshaugh, 
who  was  also  heriditary  Sheriff  of  Selkirkshire  and 
Lord  Register,  in  1706.  This  James  Murray  emi- 
grated to  North  Carolina  in  1734,  and  there  became 
a  planter  and  a  member  of  the  Council;  thence  he 
removed  to  Boston  in  1765  and  remained  until  1776; 
from  whence,  being  a  Loyalist,  he  retired  to  Halifax, 
where  he  died  in  1781.  He  left  two  daughters, 
Elizabeth,  who  married  Edward  Hutchinson  Rob- 
bins  and,  Dorothea,  who  married  the  Rev.  John 
Forbes.  This  picture  was  painted  in  1769  when 
Mr.  Murray  was  fifty-seven  years  of  age.  It  is  forty- 
nine  inches  high  by  thirty-nine  in  width.  The 
figure  is  of  life  size,  seated  in  an  armchair.  The  dress 
is  of  black  velvet  lined  with  white  satin  ruffles,  and 
a  full  wig.  In  his  right  hand,  which  rests  upon  a 
table  covered  with  red  cloth,  is  a  parchment  scroll. 
The  picture  is  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  James  Murray 
Howe  of  Brush  Hill,  Milton. 

COLONEL  JOHN  MURRAY 

Of  Rutland.  A  three-quarters  length  portrait, 
four  feet,  one  inch  long  by  three  feet,  three  inches 
wide,  representing  a  gentleman  seated.  The  left 
hand,  which  holds  a  letter,  rests  on  a  table,  on  which 


1 82  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

are  books.  The  right  arm  is  akimbo.  The  coat  and 
waistcoat  are  of  a  dark  peach  color,  laced  with  gold. 
The  small  clothes  are  of  black  velvet  with  knee 
buckles.  The  wig  is  of  iron  gray.  White  silk  stock- 
ings, white  cambric  ruffles  and  neck-cloth  complete 
the  costume.  The  picture  is  in  the  original  frame, 
probably  made  by  Paul  Revere,  and  is  owned  by 
J.  Douglas  Hazen,  St.  John. 

MRS.  COLONEL  JOHN  MURRAY 
Her  maiden  name  was  Lucretia  Chandler,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Judge  John  Chandler,  of  Worcester.     Being  a 
celebrated  beauty  of  the  time,  she  sat  three  times  to 
Copley. 

One  picture  was  owned  by  the  Rev.  John  Singleton 
Copley  Greene,  and  represents  Gardiner  Greene, 
his  father,  who  was  also  her  nephew,  as  a  boy  stand- 
ing by  her  side.  This  picture  measures  four  feet  in 
length  by  three  feet  three  inches  in  breadth,  and  is 
signed  and  dated  1763.  It  represents  Mrs.  Murray 
standing,  leaning  with  her  left  arm  resting  on  the  sill 
of  an  open  window.  Her  right  hand  is  lightly  clasp- 
ing her  left  wrist.  The  dress  is  of  brown  satin,  cut 
square  in  the  neck,  with  open  hanging  sleeves.  Both 
neck  and  arms  are  trimmed  with  rich  lace.  Her 
hair  is  combed  back  from  her  forehead  over  a  high 
cushion,  and  falls  in  long  curls  upon  her  shoulders. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  183 

This  beautiful  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  a  great 
great  niece,  Mrs.  John  Ware,  of  South  Lancaster, 

Mass. 

REV.  JOHN  MURRAY 

There  is  a  pastel  portrait  in  Copley's  early  manner 
of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Murray,  who  was  pastor  of  the  Old 
South  Church  at  Newburyport,  Mass.  He  was  born 
at  Antrim,  Ireland,  in  1742  and  died  at  Newburyport 
in  1793.  The  picture  is  in  the  Newbury  Historical 
Society. 

MRS.  JOHN  MURRAY 

The  wife  of  the  Rev.  John  Murray,  was  Judith,  a 
sister  of  Governor  Sargent.  Born  May  5,  1751. 
Died  June  6,  1820.  She  married  for  her  first  husband, 
John  Stevens.  The  picture  is  of  half  length  and  life 
size,  representing  a  very  handsome  woman,  richly 
dressed.  Mrs.  Murray  was  an  authoress,  and  pub- 
lished both  poetry  and  dramas.  This  is  a  very  fine 
specimen  of  Copley's  manner,  and  is  owned  by 
Charles  S.  Sargent,  of  Brookline. 

THE  NATIVITY 

This  picture  was  one  of  the  earliest  pictures  exhi- 
bited at  the  Royal  Academy,  being  shown  in  1777. 
It  was  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst  Sale  in  1864. 


1 84  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

HEAD  OF  NEGRO 

A  very  fine  finished  portrait  of  a  negro,  introduced 
into  the  painting  of  "The  Boy  and  the  Shark"  was 
sold  at  the  sale  of  Lord  Lyndhurst's  pictures. 

LORD  NELSON 

In  a  letter  from  Mrs.  Copley  to  her  daughter  under 
date  of  August  23,  1806,  mention  is  made  of  a  portrait 
of  Nelson.  A  painting  of  "Death  of  Nelson  at  the 
Battle  of  Trafalgar"  was  attributed  to  Copley  and 
sold  at  auction  in  1913. 

NEPTUNE 

This  is  an  allegorical  picture,  forty-four  inches  long 
by  twenty-seven  wide,  representing  the  god,  who 
holds  a  trident  in  his  right  hand,  and  a  globe  in  his 
left.  He  is  borne  upon  a  shell  by  Nymphs  and  Tri- 
tons. To  the  shell  are  attached  four  sea  horses,  who 
seem  to  be  guided  by  a  Cupid  flying  above  them, 
holding  a  dart.  A  Triton  blowing  upon  a  conch  shell 
brings  up  the  rear.  This  picture  was  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Miss  Simpson  of  Boston,  who  inherited  it 
from  her  father,  Jonathan  Simpson,  in  whose  posses- 
sion it  was  before  Copley  left  America. 

There  was  another  smaller  picture  of  the  same 
subject,  reversed  in  position. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  185 

JOHN  NEWTON 

A  half  length  picture  of  life  size,  the  canvas  meas- 
uring two  feet  three  inches  long  by  two  feet  wide. 
He  was  Surveyor  of  his  Majesty's  Customs  in  Halifax, 
N.  S.,  and  was  a  grandson  of  the  Hon.  Thomas 
Newton,  to  whose  memory  a  mural  tablet  is  placed 
in  King's  Chapel,  Boston.  The  portrait  was  painted 
in  Boston  in  1772,  and  the  date  and  name  of  the 
artist  are  inscribed  in  a  shady  corner  of  the  picture. 
It  is  in  very  good  preservation,  and  represents  a 
person  of  perhaps  fifty  years  of  age,  of  portly  figure 
and  dark  complexion.  It  was  accounted  a  perfect 
likeness.  The  dress  is  a  coat  and  waistcoat  of  lead 
colored  cloth,  both  single  breasted,  and  trimmed 
with  gold  braid  an  inch  wide.  The  hair  is  combed 
back  and  tied  behind.  The  picture  was  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Mrs.  E.  A.  Newton  of  Pittsfield,  Mass. 

LORD  NORTH  AND  LADY  NORTH 

Lord  North,  eldest  son  of  the  Earl  of  Guilford, 
entered  the  English  Cabinet  at  the  age  of  thirty-five 
and  remained  for  fifteen  years,  during  the  most  criti- 
cal period  in  English  history.  He  was  always  a 
favorite  of  the  King  and  a  recognized  leader.  He 
never  understood  the  claims  of  the  American  people 
and  favored  a  mistaken  policy  throughout  the  War  of 


186  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

the  Revolution.  It  is  said  that  Lord  North  and  Lady 
North  had  the  unenviable  reputation  of  being  the 
ugliest  couple  in  England. 

LORD  NORTHAMPTON  AND  SON 

A  portrait  of  Lord  Northampton  and  his  son,  Lord 
Compton,  on  one  canvas  is  said  to  be  in  England. 
A  portrait  of  Lord  Northampton  was  exhibited  at 
the  Royal  Academy  in  1803.  It  is  noticed  by  Mrs. 
Amory  in  her  life  of  the  artist. 

NUN  WITH  CANDLE 

A  picture  with  this  title  is  mentioned  in  a  letter 
from  Dr.  Myles  Cooper  to  Copley  in  1768.  It  is  in 
the  College  Library  of  Columbia  University. 

THE  OFFER  OF  THE  CROWN  TO  LADY  JANE  GREY 

This  large  and  important  picture  contains  eight 
figures,  among  which  are  the  portraits  of  the  Dukes 
of  Northumberland  and  Suffolk,  and  other  deputies 
of  the  Privy  Council.  The  original  picture  was 
painted  for  Mr.  Alexander  Davison;  it  was  exhibited 
in  1808  at  the  Royal  Academy,  and  was  sold  at  the 
Lyndhurst  Sale  in  1864.  It  is  now  owned  by  Mrs. 
F.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  187 

DR.  JOHN  OGILVIE 

Copley  painted  a  portrait  of  Dr.  Ogilvie  in  New 
York  in  1773.  He  was  born  in  New  York  in  1722, 
graduated  from  Yale  in  1748,  and  after  working  as 
missionary  to  the  Indians  and  chaplain  of  a  regiment 
during  the  French  and  Indian  War,  was  appointed 
in  1764  assistant  minister  of  Trinity  Church,  New 
York.  He  died  November  22,  1774.  The  picture 
is  life  size,  to  the  knees.  He  is  seated  at  a  table  on 
which  is  an  open  Bible.  He  wears  a  full  white  wig 
and  gown.  The  portrait  is  now  in  the  possession  of 
Trinity  Church,  New  York.  It  is  mentioned  in  the 
Copley-Pelham  correspondence. 

HON.  ANDREW  OLIVER,  JR. 

Was  born  in  1731,  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1749,  and  died  in  Salem  in  1799.  He  married  the 
eldest  daughter  of  Chief- Justice  Lynde,  was  one  of 
the  Judges  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Essex, 
and  the  author  of  an  "Essay  on  Comets."  The 
picture  is  four  inches  long  by  four  wide,  representing 
Judge  Oliver  in  a  light  gray  coat  and  full  wig.  It  is 
owned  by  Mrs.  George  F.  Crane,  nee  Oliver,  of  New 
York. 

LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR   ANDREW   OLIVER 

Was  born  in  1707,  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1724,  was  Lieu  tenant-Governor  in  1770,  was  a 


1 88  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

determined  Loyalist,  and  died  in  Boston  in  1774.  He 
is  represented  in  a  brown  coat  and  full  wig.  This  is  a 
companion  picture  to  the  portrait  of  Judge  Oliver, 
and  is  also  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  George  F.  Crane 
of  New  York. 

A  very  small  miniature  in  oil  of  Andrew  Oliver,  is 
in  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  lent  by  Mrs. 
Susan  L.  Oliver.  The  subject  is  represented  in  white 
wig  and  white  neck  cloth  and  black  coat. 

DANIEL  OLIVER 

A  brother  of  Andrew  Oliver.  Daniel  Oliver  died 
young.  This  picture  is  a  miniature,  in  the  possession 
of  Mrs.  George  F.  Crane,  nee  Oliver,  of  New  York. 

CHIEF-JUSTICE  PETER  OLIVER 
He  was  a  brother  of  Lieutenant-Governor  Andrew 
Oliver  and  was  Chief -Justice  in  1771.  He  was  a 
Loyalist  and  distinguished  as  a  writer,  orator  and 
poet.  He  was  born  in  1713,  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1730,  received  the  degree  of  J.C.D.  from 
Oxford  University  in  1776,  and  died  in  England  in 
1791.  This  picture  is  an  oval  miniature,  on  copper 
about  five  inches  long  by  four  inches  wide,  and  repre- 
sents Judge  Oliver  in  a  brown  coat  and  full  wig.  He 
married  in  1733  a  daughter  of  William  Clarke.  This 
picture  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  George  F.  Crane 
of  New  York. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  189 

OLIVER 

There  are  said  to  be  two  portraits  of  the  Oliver 
family  that  were  at  Middleborough,  Mass.  Their 
present  whereabouts  are  unknown. 

There  is  in  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  lent 
by  Mrs.  Susan  L.  Oliver,  a  miniature  of  a  son  of 
Andrew  Oliver.  It  is  in  oil,  evidently  made  on  cop- 
per with  a  dark  wood  frame,  oval  in  shape.  It  repre- 
sents the  subject  in  white  wig,  drab  coat,  white  neck 
cloth,  and  waistcoat  bordered  with  red.  His  face  is 
nearly  full  front. 

COL.  JAMES  OTIS 

Colonel  Otis  was  born  in  1702  and  died  in  1778. 
He  was  the  father  of  James  and  Samuel  Allyne  Otis. 
The  picture  is  forty  by  fifty  inches  in  size,  and  the 
subject  is  shown  life  size  in  a  sitting  posture  and 
nearly  full  face.  The  costume  is  entirely  black  with 
the  exception  of  muslin  ruffles  on  the  sleeves.  He 
wears  a  white  wig  and  holds  an  open  book  in  his  left 
hand  which  is  resting  on  his  knee.  The  portrait 
belongs  to  Mr.  Harrison  Gray  Otis  of  Needham, 
Mass. 

MRS.  JAMES  OTIS 

She  was  Mary  Allyne,  born  1702.  The  picture  is 
companion  in  size  to  that  of  her  husband.  The  dress 


190  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

is  of  light  gray  material  with  lace  at  sleeves  and  on 
the  scarf  over  her  shoulders.  She  is  seated  in  a  red 
back  chair  nearly  full  face.  A  white  scarf  is  held  in 
her  right  hand  which  is  resting  on  the  arm  of  the 
chair.  Her  left  hand  is  holding  a  book.  The  por- 
trait belongs  to  Harrison  Gray  Otis  of  Needham. 

MARY  OTIS  GRAY 

A  daughter  of  James  Otis,  of  Barnstable;  a  sister 
of  James  Otis,  the  Patriot;  of  Samuel  Allyne  Otis, 
the  father  of  Harrison  Gray  Otis;  and  of  Mercy 
Otis,  who  married  James  Warren.  Mary  Otis 
married  John  Gray.  The  picture  is  of  three-fourths 
length,  and  was  painted  in  1757.  She  is  dressed  in 
blue  satin,  with  lace  and  pearl  ornaments  about  the 
waist  and  in  the  hair.  A  scarf  or  robe  hangs  from 
the  left  shoulder.  This  picture  is  owned  by  Pelham 
W.  Warren  of  New  York. 

MRS.  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS 

She  was  Elizabeth  Gray.  The  picture  measures 
twenty-seven  by  thirty  inches.  She  is  shown  in  a 
blue  dress  with  white  sleeves;  her  hair  is  dressed 
high,  adorned  with  flowers,  and  she  holds  with  right 
hand  a  shepherd's  crook  over  her  shoulder. 

The  picture  belongs  to  Mr.  Harrison  Gray  Otis. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  191 

REV.  JONATHAN  PARSONS 

Born  November  30,  1705  and  graduated  from 
Harvard  College  in  1729.  Was  minister  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church  in  Newburyport,  and  celebrated 
for  his  virtues,  his  learning  and  his  eloquence.  He 
wears  a  large  white  wig  puffed  at  the  sides,  a  black 
silk  robe  and  bands,  and  holds  a  Bible  in  front  of  him. 
The  picture  shows  only  the  head  and  shoulders.  The 
features  are  strong  and  prominent.  A  copy  of  this 
painting  hangs  in  the  Old  South  Church,  Newbury- 
port, Mass.  The  original  is  in  the  possession  of  his 
great  grandson,  H.  E.  Parsons,  of  Ashtabula,  Ohio. 

MRS.  COLONEL  WILLIAM  PAXTELL 
This  picture  is  in  the  De  Peyster  collection  in  the 
New  York  Historical  Society.  She  was  the  daughter 
of  Abraham  De  Peyster,  1st.  The  size  of  the  canvas 
is  forty  by  fifty  inches.  She  is  dressed  in  blue  silk, 
and  white  corsage  cut  low  at  the  neck  and  trimmed 
with  lace.  There  are  three  rows  of  pearls  encircling 
the  neck.  She  wears  short  sleeves  trimmed  with  lace 
and  a  white  lace  cap.  A  landscape  background 
shows  the  rays  of  the  sun. 

MAJOR  PIERSON 

A  small  size,  full  length  portrait  of  Major  Pierson 
is  in  the  possession  of  Lord  Aberdare  at  his  London 
house. 


i92  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

CHARLES  PELHAM 

The  size  of  this  picture  is  thirty-six  inches  long 
by  twenty-eight  wide.  The  dress  is  a  drab  coat  and 
flowered  waistcoat.  A  table  stands  in  the  back- 
ground. Charles  Pelham  was  born  in  London,  1722. 
Baptized  at  St.  Pauls,  December  9,  1722;  a  school- 
master at  Medford,  and  married  Mary  Tyler  of  that 
town,  niece  of  Sir  Wm.  Pepperell,  and  was  a  half- 
brother  of  Copley.  The  picture  is  the  earliest  one 
known  by  the  artist,  he  being  at  that  time  not  far 
from  fourteen  years  of  age.  The  coloring  is  quite 
good  but  the  background  is  somewhat  out  of  draw- 
ing. It  is  now  owned  by  C.  P.  Curtis  of  Boston. 

HENRY  PELHAM 

He  was  the  half-brother  of  John  Singleton  Copley, 
born  1749,  died  1806,  and  this  portrait,  well  known  as 
"The  Boy  and  the  Squirrel,"  was  selected  to  be  sent 
to  England,  for  exhibition  at  Somerset  House.  The 
letter  did  not  arrive  until  too  late.  Mr.  West,  to 
whom  it  was  consigned,  knew  it  to  be  the  work  of  an 
American  artist,  from  the  squirrel,  and  also  from  the 
wood  on  which  the  canvas  was  stretched.  The  rule 
was  to  admit  no  pictures  without  the  artist's  name, 
but  on  this  occasion  it  was  dispensed  with;  and 
Mr.  Copley  was  advised  to  go  to  England  in  conse- 
quence of  the  favor  with  which  the  picture  was 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  193 

received.  The  boy  is  seated  at  a  table,  his  right 
hand  holding  a  chain  to  which  the  squirrel  is  attached, 
who  sits  on  the  table  cracking  a  nut.  A  glass  of 
water  is  near  him.  The  boy  is  dressed  in  a  dark  blue 
coat  with  a  red  collar,  and  a  yellow  waistcoat;  a 
white  collar,  and  frills  at  his  wrists;  there  is  red 
drapery  behind.  The  picture  is  thirty  inches  long 
by  twenty-four  wide,  and  is  in  the  possession  of 
Frederic  Amory  of  Boston. 

An  unfinished  portrait  of  Henry  Pelham  is  owned 
by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston. 

A  drawing  of  Henry  Pelham  is  owned  by  Mr. 
Henry  Pelham  Curtis. 

PETER  PELHAM 

This  is  a  representation  of  the  artist  engraver  who 
married  the  mother  of  John  Singleton  Copley.  It  is 
a  life  size,  half  length  figure  seated  at  a  table  on  which 
are  engraver's  tools.  The  right  arm  is  resting  on  the 
table,  the  hand  holding  an  engraver's  glass.  The 
left  hand  is  resting  on  the  knee.  He  wears  a  drab 
coat  and  flowered  waistcoat.  This  portrait  belongs 
to  Mr.  Charles  Pelham  Curtis  of  Boston. 

THE  THREE  PELHAM  CHILDREN 
This  large  picture  measuring  fifty-eight  by  eighty- 
eight   inches   is   an   upright   canvas   showing  three 


194  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

children  gathering  apples.  The  boy  on  the  lower 
limb  of  a  tree  is  dropping  fruit  to  two  young  girls 
standing  beneath.  One  of  the  children  is  holding  her 
apron  to  catch  the  fruit.  It  was  sold  in  London  at 
auction  in  1902  and  was  brought  to  this  country  but 
its  present  whereabouts  is  unknown. 

PEPPERELL  FAMILY 

Copley  painted  a  picture  of  the  Pepperell  family, 
the  baronet,  his  wife,  son  and  three  daughters.  It  is 
at  Wanlip  Hall,  Leicester,  England. 

LADY  PEPPERELL 

She  was  the  wife  of  Sir  William  Pepperell.  The 
portrait  measures  twenty-eight  by  thirty-six  inches. 
"It  is  a  fine  specimen  of  the  best  of  Copley's  art,  and 
represents  her  in  the  prime  of  life,  arrayed  in  a  rich 
silk  gown,  with  trimmings  of  lace.  It  is  a  charming 
face,  according  well  with  the  records  preserved  of  her 
life."  This  portrait  was  given  by  Mary  Pepperell 
Sparhawk  Cutts  (Mrs.  Hampden  Cutts)  a  direct 
descendant  of  Sir  William  Pepperell  to  David  E. 
Wheeler,  the  father  of  Everett  Pepperell  Wheeler, 
the  present  owner. 

SIR  WILLIAM  PEPPERELL 

A  companion  portrait  to  that  of  Lady  Pepperell, 
belonging  to  Mrs.  Mary  Wheeler  Smith,  was  un- 
fortunately destroyed  by  fire. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  195 

SIR  WILLIAM  PEPPERELL 

This  is  a  pastel  portrait  of  the  younger  Sir  William 
Pepperell,  who  died  in  London  in  1816.  He  is 
dressed  in  a  blue  coat  with  lace  at  the  throat.  The 
date  of  this  picture  is  unknown,  but  it  was  probably 
made  before  Sir  William  went  to  Nova  Scotia  in 
1775.  It  measures  fourteen  by  sixteen  inches,  was 
formerly  owned  by  Miss  Harriet  Sparhawk  of  Ports- 
mouth, N.  H.,  and  now  belongs  to  Everett  P. 
Wheeler  of  New  York. 

WILLIAM  PEPPERELL  AND  His  SISTER 

William  Pepperell,  the  son  of  the  second  Sir  William 
Pepperell  and  Elizabeth  Royal,  his  wife,  was  born 
in  the  family  mansion,  but  was  taken  to  England 
with  his  sisters  in  1774.  It  was  hoped  that  he  would 
live  to  inherit  his  father's  title,  but  he  died  at  the 
Isle  of  Wight  in  1809,  unmarried.  The  picture  repre- 
sents him  as  a  youth  standing  in  a  park;  by  his  side 
is  his  sister,  Elizabeth  Royal  Pepperell,  afterward 
married  to  the  Rev.  Henry  Hutton.  This  picture 
was  painted  in  England,  and  afterwards  sent  to  this 
country,  to  Mr.  Sparhawk,  by  whom  it  was  presented 
to  the  Portsmouth  Museum,  from  whom  it  was 
bought  by  Henry  Wadsworth  Longfellow,  of  Cam- 
bridge, in  whose  family  it  now  remains. 


196  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  EDMUND  PERKINS 

Was  Esther,  daughter  of  William  and  Esther 
Frothingham,  of  Charlestown.  She  was  born  in 
1695  and  married  Edmund  Perkins  in  1722.  She 
was  the  grandmother  of  James  Perkins,  Thomas 
Handasyde  Perkins,  Samuel  G.  Perkins,  and  of  their 
sisters,  Mrs.  Russell  Sturgis,  Mrs.  Robert  Gushing, 
Mrs.  Ralph  Bennett  Forbes  and  Mrs.  Benjamin 
Abbott.  The  picture  is  of  half  length,  representing 
an  old  lady  dressed  in  a  white  cap,  with  black  trim- 
mings and  a  white  shawl.  The  countenance  is  re- 
markable for  the  thoughtful  charm  of  its  expression, 
wonderfully  rendered,  and  its  fine  intellectual  char- 
acter, age  as  yet  not  having  destroyed  the  original 
regularity  of  the  features,  which  in  youth  were  said 
to  have  been  of  great  beauty.  It  was  made  in  1766. 
The  tradition  is  that  it  was  painted  by  Copley  for 
her  stepson,  Henry  Perkins.  It  is  owned  by  Law- 
rence Shillaber  Fuller. 

MARY  WINTHROP  PHILLIPS 

A  beautiful  example  of  Copley's  work  in  pastel. 
The  subject  is  shown  as  a  child  with  flowers  in  her 
hair  and  a  basket  of  fruit  in  her  hands.  The  portrait 
is  in  the  possession  of  Fred  C.  Weld  of  Lowell,  Mass. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  197 

COLONEL  BENJAMIN  PICKMAN 
This  picture  is  of  life  size,  measures  four  feet  two 
inches  long  by  three  feet  four  inches  in  width. 
Colonel  Pickman  was  born  at  Salem,  November  18, 
1740,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1759. 
He  was  a  merchant  and  spent  some  years  during  the 
Revolutionary  War  in  England.  Colonel  Pickman 
is  referred  to  by  John  Adams  while  there,  as  "the 
agreeable  Mr.  Pickman."  He  returned  to  Salem 
at  the  close  of  the  war,  and  held  important  offices  in 
the  town  until  near  the  end  of  his  life.  He  married 
Mary  Toppan,  daughter  of  Bezaleel  Toppan,  and 
granddaughter  of  the  Rev.  Christopher  Toppan  of 
Newbury,  in  1762.  Colonel  Pickman  died  May  12, 
1819.  In  the  portrait  he  appears  in  a  dark  slate 
colored  suit,  with  a  red  waistcoat.  The  coat  is  cut 
single-breasted,  with  large  pockets  in  the  skirts, 
and  buttoned  at  the  waist  with  two  buttons  and  at 
the  throat  with  one.  He  stands  with  one  hand  rest- 
ing on  a  book,  and  the  other  on  his  hip.  The  portrait 
is  owned  by  Senator  Wetmore  of  Rhode  Island. 

MRS.  BENJAMIN  PICKMAN 

In  her  portrait  she  appears  in  a  blue  satin  dress, 
with  low  neck  and  short,  wide  sleeves.  The  whole 
is  deeply  trimmed  with  white  lace.  She  has  a  small 
bouquet  on  her  head,  put  above  the  forehead,  and 


198  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

bears  in  her  hand  a  large,  open  parasol.  The  picture 
is  a  very  striking  one,  the  drapery  being  particularly 
fine.  On  a  pillar,  against  which  Mrs.  Pickman 
stands,  is  inscribed,  J.  S.  Copley,  1762,  which  is  also 
the  year  she  was  married.  The  portrait  is  owned  by 
Senator  Wetmore  of  Rhode  Island. 

SIR  THOMAS  PICTON 

General  Sir  Thomas  Picton,  the  subject  of  this 
portrait  which  hangs  in  the  Public  Library  of  Maiden, 
Mass.,  was  the  younger  son  of  Thomas  Picton  of 
Poyston,  Pembrokeshire,  England,  where  he  was 
born  in  1758.  In  1774  he  went  to  the  West  Indies 
as  Captain  in  the  Seventeenth  Fort  and  was  pro- 
moted to  Major.  He  was  made  Governor  of  Trini- 
dad and  in  1801  became  a  Brigadier-General.  He 
commanded  an  army  under  Wellington  in  the  Penin- 
sular and  afterwards  served  at  Waterloo  where  he 
was  killed. 

PlERPONT 

The  picture  represents  a  child  of  this  family,  about 
four  years  old,  sitting  upon  the  floor  and  caressing 
with  its  left  hand  a  spaniel  dog.  The  eyes  are  dark, 
but  the  hair,  which  is  partly  covered  by  a  cap,  is 
light.  The  dress  is  white,  and  one  leg,  which  is  bare 
from  the  knee  down,  is  very  well  drawn.  The  por- 
trait is  thirty-three  inches  long  and  twenty-six  inches 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  199 

wide,  and  was  in  the  possession  of  a  descendant  of 
the  family,  Mrs.  William  Vincent  Hutchings  of 
Roxbury. 

WILLIAM  PITT 

Copley  painted  William  Pitt,  second  son  of  the 
Earl  of  Chatham,  born  1759,  died  1806.  It  was 
engraved  by  Bartolozzi,  in  1789. 

The  portrait  shows  the  subject  at  twenty  years  of 
age,  half  length,  in  academic  gown.  It  is  oval  in 
shape. 

THE  RIGHT  HONORABLE  WILLIAM  PONSONBY 
This  portrait  of  the  Earl  of  Besborough,  Viscount 
Duncannon  and  Baron  of  Besborough  in  the  Kingdom 
of  Ireland,  was  engraved  by  Dunkarton  and  pub- 
lished by  Copley  from  an  original  portrait  in  the 
possession  of  the  Earl  of  Clanbrassell.  It  repre- 
sents the  subject  seated  in  an  elaborately  upholstered 
chair,  with  the  head  in  profile  and  the  right  hand 
raised  with  forefinger  resting  against  the  chin.  The 
left  hand  rests  on  a  book  on  a  table.  An  urn  is  in 
the  background  on  the  left  of  the  picture,  with  a 
brocaded  drapery  on  the  right. 

MRS.  ANNA  DUMMER  POWELL 
Was  the  wife  of  John  Powell,  of  Boston,  daughter 
of  Jeremiah  Dummer,  a  silversmith  in  Boston,  and 


200  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

sister  of  Governor  William  Dummer.  In  the  family 
records  she  is  sometimes  referred  to  as  "Anne"  and 
sometimes  as  "Susan."  She  was  born  in  1684, 
married  to  John  Powell  in  1714,  and  died  in  1764. 
The  picture  is  of  life  size,  and  three-quarters  length, 
representing  a  lady  in  extreme  old  age,  sitting  in  a 
large  easy  chair,  covered  with  velvet.  She  is  dressed 
in  black  satin  and  has  a  white  muslin  cap.  A  square 
white  handkerchief  is  crossed  in  front  around  her 
neck.  One  hand  holds  a  book  and  the  other  hangs 
over  the  arm  of  the  chair.  The  picture  is  carefully 
painted,  and  the  characteristics  of  old  age  are  well 
brought  out.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  Miss  A.  P. 
Rogers,  of  Boston,  and  a  duplicate  is  owned  by 
Francis  C.  Loring.  Following  is  a  bill  for  the 
picture. 

Jeremiah  Powell,  Esq.     To  J.  S.  Copley 
To  painting  Your  Mamma's  portrait  at  eight 

Guineas  £11-4 

To  a  Gold  frame  for  Do.  at  four  pounds  4 


£15-4 
Reed,  the  Contents  in  full 

Pr.  J   S.  Copley 
April  19,  1764 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  201 

JOHN  POWELL 

A  merchant  of  Boston,  born  1716,  died  1794,  the 
son  of  John  Powell  and  Susan  Dummer  Powell.  This 
is  a  fine  crayon,  half  length,  showing  the  subject  with 
white|wig,  face  slightly  turned.  It  measures  twenty 
by  twenty-five  inches.  John  Powell  married  Janet 
Grant.  They  had  a  son,  William  Dummer  Powell, 
a  Loyalist,  who  emigrated  to  Quebec  and  then  to 
upper  Canada,  being  the  first  Judge  of  the  King's 
Bench,  and  subsequently  the  Chief- Justice  of  the 
Province.  He  had  a  daughter,  Mary,  who  married 
Samuel  Peter  Jarvis,  who  had  a  son,  William  Dummer 
Powell  Jarvis,  who  had  a  son,  Aemilius  Jarvis,  now 
living  in  Toronto,  Canada,  to  whom  the  portraits 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Powell  belong.  There  is  evidence 
that  there  was  also  a  portrait  in  oil  of  John  Powell  as 
Copley  sent  to  England  a  portrait  of  Mr.  Powell  in 
1767  for  Exhibition.  Its  whereabouts  is  unknown. 

JANET  GRANT  POWELL 

She  was  the  wife  of  John  Powell  and  this  is  a  com- 
panion crayon  portrait  to  that  of  her  husband.  She 
is  in  a  low  cut,  lace-trimmed  dress,  with  four  rows  of 
beads  around  her  neck  and  a  rose  in  her  hair.  She 
was  a  very  beautiful  woman  and  this  is  a  charming 
portrait.  It  belongs  to  Mr.  Aemilius  Jarvis  of 
Toronto,  Canada. 


202  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

"THE  THREE  PRINCESSES" 

Represents  one  of  the  Princesses  holding  over  her 
head  a  tambourine,  another  sitting  in  a  carriage,  and 
a  third  behind  the  carriage.  There  are  parrots  in  a 
grape  vine  overhead.  The  picture  measures  seventy- 
one  by  one  hundred  and  two  inches.  It  was  exhibited 
at  the  National  Gallery  in  1785,  was  engraved  by 
Bartolozzi  and  published  by  Copley  in  1792.  The 
portraits  are  of  Princesses  Mary,  Sophia  and  Amelia. 
It  belongs  to  the  King  of  England  and  hangs  in 
Buckingham  Palace. 

There  is  a  highly  finished  sketch  for  this  picture 
which  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst  Sale  in  1864,  and  now 
belongs  to  Mr.  Robert  Treat  Paine,  2d,  of  Boston. 
It  was  the  habit  of  the  artist  to  paint  and  highly 
finish  in  oil  a  small  picture  of  any  great  work  he 
proposed  to  undertake,  and  rarely  is  there  any 
divergence  from  the  first  treatment  of  the  subject. 

JOSIAH  QUINCY 

Of  Braintree,  was  painted  by  John  Singleton  Cop- 
ley in  1769.  It  is  a  half  length  portrait  and  rep- 
resents Mr.  Quincy  at  the  age  of  sixty  years,  in  the 
dress  of  the  period;  a  powdered  wig,  a  claret-colored 
coat  and  waistcoat  with  wrought  gold  buttons,  a  plain 
cravat,  tight  around  the  throat,  and  with  richly 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  203 

embroidered  muslin  ruffles  at  the  bosom  and  wrists. 
He  is  seated  in  a  carved  mahogany  chair,  holding 
in  his  left  hand  a  book,  while  his  right  arm  rests  upon 
a  table  covered  with  green  cloth.  Two  of  the  fingers 
of  the  right  hand  are  between  the  leaves  of  the  book, 
as  if  to  keep  his  place  while  he  speaks.  "President 
John  Adams  used  to  say  that  the  portrait  was  so 
admirable  and  lifelike  that  it  seemed  as  if  his  old 
friend  must  rise  to  bid  him  welcome."  Josiah  Quincy 
was  born  in  Braintree,  Mass.,  in  1709;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1728.  He  was  a  distinguished 
merchant  and  a  much  valued  correspondent  of 
Slingsby  Bethel,  Lord  Mayor  of  London.  He  estab- 
lished the  first  glass  and  spermaceti  works  in  Amer- 
ica. He  was  an  intimate  friend  of  Franklin,  Bowdoin 
and  President  John  Adams,  who  used  to  describe  him 
as  remarkable  for  the  elegance  of  his  manner  and 
the  grace  of  his  address.  He  was  a  strenuous 
patriot  and  lived  to  see  the  freedom  of  the  Colonies, 
dying  in  1784.  In  1770  he  erected  the  mansion 
house,  built  upon  the  lands  granted  to  the  family  in 
1635,  and  which  was  the  summer  residence  of  Presi- 
dent Quincy,  his  grandson.  This  portrait  is  in  the 
Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 


204  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

SAMUEL  QUINCY 

This  picture  is  of  life  size  and  more  than  half 
length,  and  is  in  the  original  carved  frame.  Mr. 
Quincy  is  dressed  in  wig,  gown  and  bands,  with 
ruffles  on  his  wrists.  He  is  seated  by  a  table,  pen  in 
hand,  and  manuscripts  lie  by  his  side.  He  was  born 
in  1735  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1754; 
he  was  Solicitor-General  for  the  Province,  in  that 
capacity  prosecuting  the  soldiers  for  the  Boston 
Massacre.  His  brother,  Josiah  Quincy,  Jr.,  was 
counsel  for  the  defense.  On  account  of  his  royalist 
principles  he  left  the  country  in  1775,  and  never 
returned.  He  died  in  1789,  and  was  buried  at  Bristol, 
England.  The  picture  is  now  in  the  Boston  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts,  lent  by  Miss  Grace  Tread  well. 

MRS.  SAMUEL  QUINCY 

This  is  a  companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband. 
She  is  dressed  in  rose-colored  brocade,  with  loose 
sleeves,  trimmed  with  lace,  and  a  lace  cap,  and  wears 
a  dark  velvet  hat  with  a  white  feather,  and  in  one 
hand  has  a  sprig  of  larkspur.  Her  maiden  name 
was  Hannah  Hill;  she  died  in  1783.  This  picture 
is  now  in  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  Boston,  lent  by 
Miss  Grace  Treadwell. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  205 

SUZANNE  RANDOLPH 

This  superb  full  length  portrait  of  Miss  Randolph 
was  painted  while  she  resided  with  her  father,  who 
was  at  the  time  representing  the  United  States  in 
England.  It  is  well  known  as  one  of  the  very  best 
examples  of  Copley's  English  period.  It  was  shown 
in  London,  in  1890,  at  that  time  belonging  to  Rev. 
W.  C.  Randolph.  The  picture  measures  fifty-three 
by  seventy-eight  inches.  It  hung  for  a  long  time 
in  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  and  is  now  owned 
by  Mrs.  E.  D.  Brandagee  of  Jamaica  Plain,  Mass. 

MRS.  DANIEL  REA  AND  DAUGHTER 

This  is  an  early  example  of  Copley's  work  and  is 
very  characteristic  of  the  period.  It  is  signed  and 
dated  1757.  Mrs.  Rea  was  a  Miss  Salter  of  Salem. 
Daniel  Rea  of  Beverly  and  Boston  was  her  third 
husband.  Their  daughter  Elizabeth,  is  the  infant 
represented  in  the  picture.  Mrs.  H.  C.  Thompson 
is  the  present  owner  of  the  picture. 

THE  RED  CROSS  KNIGHT 

The  scene  is  taken  from  Spencer's  "Faerie  Queene." 
On  the  left  of  the  picture  is  Lord  Lyndhurst  as  a 
young  man,  seventeen  years  of  age,  as  St.  George, 
dressed  in  full  armor,  advancing  into  a  garden;  next 


206  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

him  stands  his  sister,  Mrs.  Greene,  and  beyond  her 
is  Miss  Mary  Copley.  The  figures  of  the  ladies  are 
very  charming.  The  picture,  which  is  large,  was 
painted  about  1789,  was  exhibited  at  the  Royal 
Academy  in  1793,  and  is  now  in  the  possession  of 
Mr.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston.  A  sketch  for  this 
painting  is  owned  by  Lord  Aberdare,  Eaton  Square, 
London. 

THE  RESURRECTION 

This  picture,  painted  in  1810  and  exhibited  in  the 
Royal  Academy  in  1812,  is  the  last  picture  painted 
by  Copley. 

PAUL  REVERE 

This  picture  is  twenty-eight  inches  long  by  twenty- 
five  in  width  and  represents  the  patriot  leaning  on  a 
table  and  without  a  coat.  He  wears  a  white  shirt 
and  waistcoat.  His  hair  is  without  powder.  The 
right  hand  supports  the  chin  while  the  left  holds  a 
silver  teapot.  Engraving  tools  are  scattered  upon 
the  table.  Colonel  Revere  was  a  descendant  of  a 
Huguenot  family,  was  born  in  1735,  and  died  in  1818. 
In  1756  he  was  a  Lieutenant  of  Artillery,  stationed 
at  Fort  Edward,  near  Lake  George.  On  his  return 
to  Boston  he  established  himself  as  an  engraver  and 
goldsmith.  In  1775  he  engraved  the  plates  for  the 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  207 

paper  money  ordered  by  Congress,  and  was  also  a 
successful  manufacturer  of  gun  powder.  In  1779 
he  served  in  the  Penobscot  Expedition,  and  after- 
wards was  a  Colonel  of  Artillery,  Grand  Master  of 
Freemasons,  and  First  President  of  the  Massachu- 
setts Charitable  Association.  The  picture,  after 
having  lain  neglected  in  an  attic  for  many  years,  was 
restored  and  now  belongs  to  Mrs.  John  Revere  of 
Canton,  Mass. 

CHARLES  LLOYD  RICHARDS 

He  was  a  Captain  in  the  95th  Regiment.  Copley 
painted  his  portrait  in  New  York  in  1771. 

MRS.  ELIZA  WHITING  RICHARDS 

There  is  a  portrait  of  this  lady  by  Copley  owned 
by  her  great  granddaughter,  Miss  Martha  D. 
Wilson,  of  Wakefield,  Mass. 

JOHN  RICHARDS 

Of  New  London,  Conn.,  son  of  John  and  Ann 
Prentice  Richards,  and  grandson  of  John  Richards, 
who  emigrated  from  Wales,  and  died  in  New  London 
in  1687.  Mr.  Richards  was  born  in  1736  and  gradu- 
ated at  Yale  College  in  1757.  Having  inherited  a 
handsome  fortune,  he  followed  no  profession.  He 


208  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

married  for  his  first  wife,  July  5,  1755,  Susannah 
Grey,  and  for  his  second  wife,  June  6,  1768,  Catharine 
Saltonstall,  a  daughter  of  Governor  Sal  tons  tall. 
The  size  of  the  picture  is  two  feet  two  inches  high 
by  two  feet  wide.  The  dress  is  an  open  coat,  with 
wrought  gold  buttons,  a  brown  waistcoat,  and 
muslin  cravat.  The  face  is  that  of  a  fine-looking 
man,  of  florid  complexion,  black  hair  and  large,  dark 
eyes.  This  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 
George  Richards  Lewis  of  New  London,  Conn. 

R.  RICHARDS 

A  portrait  of  Mr.  Richards  of  Lincoln's  Inn  was 
exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy  in  1801. 

LORD  RODNEY 

A  miniature  of  George  Brydges  Rodney,  first 
Baron  Rodney,  born  1718,  and  died  1792,  showing 
him  in  full  uniform,  is  in  England. 

MR.  ROGERS  OF  SALEM 

This  fine  picture  represents  Mr.  Rogers  sitting 
sideways  upon  a  chair.  His  dress  is  a  plum-colored 
coat  and  a  gold  laced  waistcoat.  His  hair  is  without 
powder.  This  portrait  was  exhibited  at  the  exhibi- 
tion of  the  Society  of  British  Artists  in  London  in 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  209 

1768.  It  belongs  to  the  Estate  of  Morrill  Wyman 
of  Cambridge,  and  is  in  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine 
Arts. 

MRS.  ABIGAIL  ROGERS 

The  wife  of  Daniel  Denison  Rogers,  of  Boston,  was 
the  second  child  of  Henry  Bromfield,  and  Margaret, 
his  wife,  nee  Fairweather.  She  was  born  in  1753 
and  died  in  1791.  While  residing  in  Europe  this 
portrait  was  painted  by  Copley,  her  half  uncle.  It 
is  of  life  size,  three-fourths  length,  and  represents  a 
lady  out  for  a  walk  and  just  drawing  on  her  glove. 
She  is  dressed  in  white  satin,  with  a  white  muslin 
mantle  over  her  shoulders.  Her  hair  is  powdered, 
and  her  hat,  which  has  a  wide  fall  of  lace  around  the 
rim,  and  a  large  mass  of  dark  red  ribbon  on  the 
crown,  is  surmounted  by  white  plumes.  Near  where 
she  stands  is  the  trunk  of  a  tree,  and  in  the  distance 
is  a  mountainous  country  and  a  gorgeous  sky.  A 
copy  of  this,  possibly  by  Copley,  is  owned  by  Mrs. 
W.  C.  Cabot  of  Boston.  The  original  is  in  the  pos- 
session of  Miss  A.  P.  Rogers  of  Boston. 

MRS.  DANIEL  ROGERS 

She  was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Colonel  John 
Gorham;  born  December  10,  1739;  married  Daniel 
Rogers,  November  6,  1759;  died  March  14,  1769. 


2io  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

The  picture  is  of  three-fourths  length  and  represents 
the  lady  in  a  satin  dress,  with  a  hat  hanging  from 
her  arm.  She  seems  to  be  coming  from  a  garden. 
The  picture  is  now  owned  by  Miss  Louisa  Low, 
Stamford,  Conn. 

JOHN  ROGERS 

The  Protomartyr,  of  whom  there  is  a  portrait  in 
the  possession  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  So- 
ciety, evidently  taken  from  an  engraving.  It  is  of 
half  length,  and  is  signed  and  dated  1759,  and  was 
presented  to  the  Society  by  Mr.  J.  F.  Eliot  of  Boston. 

MRS.  LUCY  BOYLSTON  ROGERS 

Mrs.  Rogers  was  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Boylston; 
she  was  born  September  28,  1728,  and  married 
Timothy  Rogers  of  Gloucester,  Mass.  The  picture 
measures  forty  by  fifty  inches  and  is  in  its  original 
carved  frame.  The  subject  is  represented  at  life 
size,  in  a  sitting  position,  three-quarters  length,  with 
low  corsage,  a  cream  color  silk  dress,  and  with  a  wine 
color  shawl.  Her  right  arm  is  shown  resting  on  the 
arm  of  a  chair  and  left  hand  resting  in  her  lap.  The 
picture  belongs  to  the  Estate  of  Miss  Louisa  C.  A. 
Nightingale. 


211 


ISAAC  ROYALL 

That  Copley  painted  portraits  of  Isaac  Royall  and 
his  wife  is  evident  from  the  bill  produced  in  connec- 
tion with  the  portrait  of  his  daughter,  Polly  Royall. 

Isaac  Royall,  married  March  27,  1738,  Elizabeth 
Mclntosh  and  in  1775  went  to  England  with  other 
Loyalists  where  he  died  in  1781. 

POLLY  ROYALL 

The  only  evidence  the  author  has  that  Copley 
painted  a  portrait  of  this  lady  is  contained  in  a  bill 
in  the  handwriting  of  Henry  Pelham. 
Boston    The  Honble.  Isaac  Royall  Esqr.  to 

J.  S.  Copley  Dr. 
£   s     d 

To  a  Packg  Box  omitted  in  former  Acct          094 
To  a  portrait  in  Crayons  of  Miss  Polly 

Royall  5  12    o 

To  gold  carved  Frame  for  Do  440 

To  London  Crown  Glass  for  Do  19  12    o 

To  his  Lady's  portrait  half  length  19  12    o 

To  his  own        Do  Do  19  12    o 

To  portraits  of  Mr.  Mackintosh  and  Lady     14    o    o 

JUDGE  CHAMBERS  RUSSELL 

An  oval  picture  representing  the  figure  in  the  red 
robes  and  the  wig  of  an  English  judge.  He  was  born 


212  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

in  1713,  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1731,  and 
died  in  1767.  He  was  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court, 
and  also  a  Judge  of  Admiralty.  The  picture  was  in 
the  possession  of  his  descendant,  Colonel  Charles  R. 
Codman. 

MRS.  KATHARINE  RUSSELL 

The  wife  of  Judge  James  Russell  of  Charlestown, 
and  daughter  of  Hon.  Thomas  Graves.  She  was  born 
in  1717  and  died  in  1778.  The  figure  is  seated  in  an 
arm  chair  and  holds  in  one  hand  a  book.  The  dress 
is  light  brown  satin,  with  a  white  lawn  cape,  and  long 
mittens  on  the  hands  and  arms.  The.  size  of  the 
picture  is  four  feet  long  by  four  and  a  quarter  wide. 
It  belongs  to  the  Estate  of  Henry  R.  Dalton. 

STEPHEN  SALISBURY 

A  very  fine  miniature  said  to  be  a  portrait  of  Mr. 
Salisbury,  undoubtedly  by  Copley,  is  in  the  Metro- 
politan Museum  of  Art,  New  York  City. 

JUDGE  RICHARD  SALSTONSTALL 

This  picture  is  forty  by  fifty  inches,  and  of  three- 
fourths  length.  The  dress  is  a  brown  velvet  coat, 
a  long  blue  velvet  waistcoat,  extending  to  the  bottom 
of  the  picture,  with  a  rich  gold  lace  border  around 
the  edges  of  the  pockets.  The  sleeves  are  loose,  with 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  213 

large  ruffles  around  the  hand.  The  right  hand  is 
resting  on  the  hip,  the  left  extending  in  an  attitude 
of  speaking,  or  addressing  an  assembly.  It  is  a 
dignified  and  pleasing  picture.  Judge  Salton- 
stall  was  born  in  Haverhill,  June  24,  1703;  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1722;  and  died  October  20, 
1756.  He  was  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  from 
1736  until  his  death.  At  the  age  of  twenty-three  he 
received  a  commission  as  Colonel.  He  was  noted  for 
his  elegant  hospitality,  his  eloquence,  and  noble, 
generous  character,  and  was  a  learned  and  accom- 
plished jurist.  The  picture  is  owned  by  R.  M. 
Saltonstall  of  Brookline. 

SAMUEL  AND  ELI 

The  well-known  picture  which  was  engraved  by 
Valentine  Green  for  Macklin's  Bible,  and  which  sold 
in  London  at  auction  in  1864  by  the  executors  of 
Lord  Lyndhurst  for  105  pounds,  was  destroyed  by 
fire  while  in  the  house  of  Mr.  Henry  Graves  in  London 
in  1867. 

A  replica  of  this  picture  was  destroyed  by  fire 
while  in  a  shop  being  repaired  for  the  purchaser  who 
bought  it  at  the  Lyndhurst  sale.  Young  Copley 
was  the  model  for  Samuel.  A  copy  of  the  picture  in 
increased  proportions  is  in  Milan  Cathedral.  The 
original  picture  belonged  to  Mr.  Ashton  of  Mold, 
near  Liverpool. 


214  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

COLONEL  EPES  SARGENT,  SR. 

This  picture  is  thirty-nine  by  forty-nine  inches, 
and  is  of  two-thirds  length.  It  represents  an  old 
gentleman,  about  sixty  or  seventy  years  of  age,  his 
right  elbow  on  the  base  of  a  column,  the  left  hand 
thrust  into  his  side  pocket,  while  the  right  is  spread 
on  his  chest,  presenting  the  entire  back  of  the  hand 
to  view.  He  is  dressed  in  a  large,  single-breasted 
coat  of  drab  broadcloth,  buttoned  up  to  the  throat, 
with  full  long  cuffs,  narrow  white  muslin  neckcloth, 
and  broad  white  lawn  ruffles  surrounding  the  wrists, 
while  a  strip  of  gold  lace  from  the  inner  vest  lightens 
the  lower  part  of  the  costume.  Upon  the  head  is 
a  light,  curling,  powdered  wig.  There  is  a  tree  in 
the  distance.  The  date  of  this  picture  is  not  known 
but  is  probably  previous  to  1760.  Mr.  Sargent  was 
born  in  Gloucester  in  1690  and  was  the  sixth  child 
of  William  Sargent  and  Mary  Duncan.  He  married 
first,  Esther  MacCarty,  of  Roxbury;  and  second, 
the  widow  Brown  of  Salem,  a  granddaughter  of 
Governor  Joseph  Dudley,  and  daughter  of  John 
Winthrop.  After  his  second  marriage  he  removed 
to  Salem,  where  he  died  in  1762.  He  held  a  colonel's 
commission  under  King  George  II.  By  his  first 
wife  he  had  three  sons,  Epes,  Daniel  and  Winthrop, 
and  two  daughters,  Esther,  who  married  Thomas 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  215 

Goldthwait  and  Sarah,  who  married  Colonel  Allen. 
He  had  two  sons,  John  and  Paul  Dudley,  by  his 
second  wife.  This  portrait  is  owned  by  Mrs.  G.  H. 
Clements. 

MRS.  EPES  SARGENT,  SR. 

The  picture  is  companion  in  size  to  that  of  her 
husband.  It  was  probably  painted  about  1761.  She 
was  a  widow  Browne  at  the  time  of  her  marriage  to 
Colonel  Sargent.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Governor 
Winthrop.  She  is  in  a  blue  dress,  rose  color  shawl, 
a  rose  is  in  the  low  cut,  lace-trimmed  corsage,  and  she 
holds  also  a  rose  in  her  right  hand,  which  is  resting 
in  her  lap.  The  picture  has  a  landscape  background. 
The  lady  is  standing  with  her  left  arm  resting  on  a 
rock.  The  portrait  belongs  to  Mr.  George  N. 
Black  of  Boston. 

EPES  SARGENT,  JR. 

This  picture  is  of  three-fourths  length,  measuring 
thirty-nine  by  forty-nine  inches,  and  was  probably 
painted  in  1764.  He  is  represented  standing,  with  a 
slender,  erect  figure,  dressed  in  a  single-breasted 
coat  and  waistcoat  of  drab  broadcloth,  quite  long, 
without  collar.  The  waistcoat  is  buttoned  to  the 
throat,  the  coat  being  open.  The  cuffs  are  very 
long  and  held  back  by  three  large  buttons;  a  white 


216  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

muslin  neckcloth  is  tied  in  a  simple  bow,  and  the 
end  tucked  into  the  waistcoat.  The  short  sleeves 
terminate  in  broad  lawn  ruffles.  His  right  elbow 
rests  on  the  square  base  of  a  column,  with  the  hand 
hanging  easily  in  front.  The  left  hand  just  touches 
the  top  of  a  balustrade.  A  full  powdered  wig  covers 
the  head.  It  is  in  the  later  style  of  the  painter,  and 
is  a  charming  portrait.  He  was  born  in  Gloucester 
in  1720,  the  eldest  child  of  Epes  Sargent  and  Esther 
MacCarty.  He  married  Catharine  Osborne  of 
Boston  in  1745,  and  was  very  distinguished  as  a 
merchant.  He  was  a  Loyalist  during  the  Revolu- 
tion, although  his  sons  took  the  side  of  the  Colonies. 
He  died  in  1779.  This  portrait  is  owned  by  Mrs. 
G.  H.  Clements. 

MRS.  EPES  SARGENT,  JR. 

Who  was  Catharine  Osborne.  A  companion  pic- 
ture to  that  of  her  husband.  She  is  represented  as 
standing,  apparently  waiting  to  mount  her  horse. 
By  her  left  side,  the  water  of  a  fountain  is  falling  into 
and  over  part  of  a  fluted  basin  of  dark  marble,  sup- 
ported by  scrolls  terminated  by  the  head  of  some 
heraldic  animal;  in  the  distance  is  a  tree,  and  the 
sky  appears  beyond,  broken  by  a  few  clouds  reflecting 
the  sunlight.  She  is  dressed  in  a  blue-green  riding 
habit  of  thick  camlet  or  poplin,  consisting  of  a  long- 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  217 

waisted  jacket  with  an  underskirt  of  the  same 
material  falling  in  very  full  and  bold  folds  below. 
The  neck  and  sleeves  are  relieved  by  a  broad  collar 
and  cuffs  of  white  satin,  and  the  whole  trimmed  with 
gold  lace  and  gilt  buttons;  white  muslin  ruffles 
surround  the  throat  and  wrists,  the  former  being 
confined  by  a  black  ribbon.  Her  dark  brown  hair 
is  combed  back  from  a  high  forehead,  with  a  small 
pink  bow  at  the  top  of  the  head.  Her  ungloved 
hands  are  crossed  in  an  easy  manner  in  front  of  her, 
the  right  one  holding  a  riding  whip,  which  rests  on 
her  shoulder,  while  a  long  white  ribbon  hangs  from 
the  handle.  A  black  satin  riding  cap,  trimmed  with 
black  lace  and  adorned  with  a  fine  long  white  ostrich 
feather,  hangs  lightly  from  her  left  hand  in  front. 
The  picture  is  marked  with  Copley's  autograph  and 
the  date  of  1764.  Mrs.  Sargent  was  born  in  1722, 
the  fifth  child  of  Hon.  John  Osborn,  one  of  the 
Governor's  Council,  and  Sarah  Woodbury.  Her 
father  was  born  in  Bristol,  R.  I.,  removed  to  Boston, 
and  subsequently  married  Madame  Hutchinson, 
Madame  Fitch  and  Miss  Pierce.  He  died  in  1768. 
Mrs.  Sargent  was  married  in  1745.  This  portrait 
is  owned  by  Mrs.  G.  H.  Clements. 


218  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MARY  TURNER  SARGENT 

Wife  of  Daniel  Sargent  and  son  of  Epes  Sargent, 
Sr.  This  picture  is  of  three-fourths  length.  She  is 
dressed  in  a  rich  satin,  handsomely  trimmed  and 
decorated  with  lace.  In  her  right  hand  she  holds  a 
dish  to  a  fountain,  while  with  her  left  she  draws  back 
her  skirt.  Her  hair  is  without  powder,  and  around 
her  throat  is  a  lace  ruche.  This  beautiful  picture  is 
signed  John  Singleton  Copley,  and  dated  1769. 

SAMUEL  PHILLIPS  SAVAGE 

Son  of  Arthur  and  Faith  (Phillips)  Savage.  Born 
in  Boston,  April  27,  1718;  died  in  Weston,  Mass., 
December  9,  1797.  He  married  in  1742,  Sarah 
Tyler,  daughter  of  William  and  Sarah  (Royall)  Tyler, 
of  Boston.  She  was  born  in  Boston,  March  21, 
1718,  and  died  there  February  12,  1764.  Their 
portraits  were  painted  by  Copley  in  1763.  Samuel 
Savage  was  a  prominent  merchant  of  Boston; 
selectman  1760-61;  moderator  of  the  meeting  in 
Old  South  Church  which  determined  the  fate  of 
the  tea  in  Boston  Harbor;  appointed  a  judge  of  the 
Inferior  Court  for  Middlesex  County  in  1775,  and 
from  1782  until  his  death  was  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  for  Middlesex  County.  In  1774  he 
represented  the  town  of  Weston  in  the  Provincial 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  219 

Congress  of  Deputies,  and  was  President  of  the 
Board  of  War  in  Massachusetts  from  1776  until  his 
death.  Following  is  a  bill  for  his  portrait. 

Boston,  December  ist,  1764. 

Received  of  Samuel  Phillips  Savage,  Esq.,  Six 
pounds,  thirteen  shillings  and  four  pence,  which  is 
the  balance  in  full  for  two  portraits,  one  of  his  Lady, 
the  other  of  himself. 

John  S.  Copley. 

This  portrait  belongs  to  John  Richard  Savage  of 

Garden  City,  Long  Island. 

t 

MRS.  SARAH  SAVAGE 

This  lady  was  the  wife  of  Samuel  Phillips  Savage. 
The  portrait  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches.  She 
wears  a  cap  tied  under  the  chin  with  white  ribbon; 
elbow  sleeves,  lace-trimmed,  and  her  right  arm  rests 
on  a  table.  There  is  a  landscape  background.  The 
picture  belongs  to  her  great  grandson,  Samuel 
Savage  Shaw  of  Boston. 

G.  W.  SCHILLING 

A  portrait  of  this  gentleman  was  painted  in  1769, 
according  to  a  letter  to  Copley  under  that  date. 

JOHN  SCOLLAY 

A  portrait  of  life  size,  representing  a  portly  man, 
with  wig  and  plain  brown  dress,  sitting  with  his  hand 


220  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

resting  on  a  ledger,  near  which  is  an  inkstand  and  a 
pen.  He  was  chairman  of  the  Board  of  Selectmen 
of  Boston  from  1774  to  1790.  John  Scollay,  writing 
to  Copley  in  1782  said,  "I  trust,  amidst  this  blaze  of 
prosperity,  that  you  don't  forget  your  dear  native 
country,  and  the  cause  it  is  engaged  in,  which  I  know 
lay  once  near  your  heart,  and  I  trust  does  so  still." 
This  picture  belongs  to  Dr.  W.  Sturgis  Bigelow,  of 
56  Beacon  Street,  Boston. 

MRS.  JOHN  SCOLLAY 

This  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  work  at  his  best 
American  period.  It  is  signed  and  dated  1763.  The 
subject  is  represented  at  three-quarters  length  in  a 
seated  attitude.  The  portrait  measures  twenty- 
seven  by  thirty-five  inches.  The  dress  is  of  dark 
brown  with  lace  at  the  neck  and  sleeves  which  come 
to  the  elbows.  She  wears  a  wine  color  scarf.  The 
hair  combed  back  from  the  forehead  is  without 
ornament.  Her  right  arm  rests  on  a  table  with  hand 
against  the  face.  The  picture  has  a  background 
showing  a  draped  crimson  curtain.  It  is  in  its 
original  carved  frame  and  belongs  to  Mr.  W.  Prentiss 
Parker  of  Boston. 

MRS.  DOROTHY  QUINCY  SCOTT 

She  was  the  daughter  of  Edmund  Quincy.  First 
married  John  Hancock  at  Fairfield,  Conn.,  in  1775, 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  221 

afterwards  Mr.  Scott,  in  1789,  and  died  in  1829, 
aged  eighty-two.  The  portrait  is  of  three-fourths 
length,  and  represents  the  lady  sitting  in  a  chair. 
Her  hand  is  raised  to  her  face.  A  rich  dress  of  pink 
brocade,  a  velvet  band  around  the  neck,  and  a  muslin 
apron,  complete  the  costume.  It  now  hangs  in  the 
Museum  of  the  Fine  Arts,  Boston,  and  belongs  to  the 
Estate  of  Mrs.  Stephen  Bowen. 

GOVERNOR  GEORGE  SCOTT 

This  portrait,  supposed  to  have  been  painted  about 
1755,  is  an  excellent  example  of  the  period.  Gover- 
nor Scott  was  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the  Dominican 
Islands  from  1763  to  1768.  He  was  an  intimate 
friend  of  General  Winslow,  Commissary-General  of 
the  Continental  Army  and  to  whom  he  presented 
this  portrait.  General  Scott  married  Miss  Erving 
of  Boston,  daughter  of  Hon.  John  Erving.  He  is 
represented  as  an  officer  in  red  and  buff,  standing 
three-quarters  length  with  musket,  powderhorn  and 
belt  at  the  side  and  hat  under  the  right  arm.  The 
picture  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches  and  is  in  its 
original  carved  frame.  It  is  owned  by  "The  Brook," 
of  New  York  City. 


222  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  GEORGE  SCOTT 

She  was  the  wife  of  Governor  George  Scott  of 
Dominica,  and  the  daughter  of  Hon.  John  Erving, 
of  Boston.  She  died  in  1768  at  Dominica.  The 
picture  is  in  the  possession  of  J.  Langdon  Erving  of 
New  York. 

JAMES  SCOTT 

In  a  letter  to  Copley  dated  London,  September  5, 
1766,  signed  James  Scott,  he  says  "I  have  got  the 
portrait  safe  home,  it  gives  great  satisfaction.". 

COLONEL  OLNEY  SCOTT 

This  picture  is  of  three-fourths  length.  The 
figure  is  seated,  with  the  right  elbow  resting  upon  a 
table,  and  the  hand  supported  by  a  book.  The  left 
leg  is  crossed  over  the  right  knee.  The  coat  is 
brown,  with  a  richly  embroidered  waistcoat,  and  in 
the  shirt  is  a  breast  pin.  The  countenance  is  exceed- 
ingly intelligent  and  commanding.  This  picture 
belongs  to  George  S.  Winslow  of  Boston. 

MRS.  OLNEY  SCOTT 

This  is  a  companion  picture  to  that  of  Colonel 
Scott,  and  represents  a  lady  near  a  table,  holding  in 
her  left  hand  a  bunch  of  sweet  peas.  Her  dress  is 
of  dark  pink,  and  her  right  hand  is  raised,  grasping 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  223 

the  folds  of  a  mantle.     This  picture  is  in  the  posses- 
sion of  George  S.  Winslow  of  Boston. 

DAVID  SEARS 

There  is  a  beautiful  oval  miniature  of  this  gentle- 
man, who  was  an  eminent  merchant  of  Boston,  and 
the  father  of  the  Honorable  David  Sears.  The  dress 
is  in  the  fashion  of  the  times,  the  coat  being  of  plum 
color.  Mr.  Sears  was  a  fellow  passenger  of  Mrs. 
Copley  and  her  children  in  the  ship  Minerva,  Captain 
Callahan,  which  sailed  May  27th,  1775,  from  Marble- 
head  for  London,  and  a  tradition  in  the  family  is 
probably  correct  that  the  portrait  was  taken  in  that 
city.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  the  family. 

DR.  JOSEPH  SEWALL 

Copley  published  a  mezzo  engraving  in  1766  for 
which  purpose  he  painted  Dr.  Sewall's  portrait.  He 
was  minister  of  the  Old  South  Church  from  1713 
until  his  death  in  1769. 

SIR  ROGER  SHEAFE 

Was  born  in  Boston  in  1760.  At  the  evacuation 
of  Boston  in  1776  he  accompanied  Earl  Percy,  after- 
ward the  Duke  of  Northumberland,  by  whom  he  was 
adopted,  to  England.  There  he  was  educated  as  a 
soldier,  and  rose  rapidly  in  rank.  In  1812  he  was 


224  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Major-General  in  the  British  Army,  and  was  sta- 
tioned in  Canada.  Finding  a  collesion  with  his  own 
countrymen  inevitable,  he  earnestly  solicited  employ- 
ment elsewhere.  His  request  was  not  granted,  and 
commanding  his  troops  at  the  battle  of  Queenstown 
Heights,  he  took  General  Winfield  Scott  and  his 
brigade  prisoners  of  war,  for  which  service  he  was 
created  a  baronet  of  the  United  Kingdom.  He 
married  a  niece  of  Sir  Isaac  Coffin,  and  died  in  1850. 
His  portrait  represents  him  as  sitting  in  a  chair, 
dressed  in  a  brown  coat  and  a  laced  cravat,  and  with 
his  hair  powdered.  The  picture  is  a  half  length,  and 
is  a  beautiful  specimen  of  Copley's  latest  manner. 
It  was  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Henry  Loring,  of 
Brookline,  a  niece  of  the  Baronet. 

EARL  OF  SIDMOUTH 

There  is  in  England  a  three-quarter  length  portrait 
of  Henry  Addington,  first  Earl  of  Sidmouth.  He  is 
represented  in  a  standing  position,  sleeves  heavily 
ornamented  with  gold  lace,  and  holds  a  scroll  with 
both  hands.  He  wears  a  white  wig.  It  was  exhi- 
bited in  the  Royal  Academy  in  1809,  and  was  en- 
graved by  Finden. 

There  is  another  portrait,  of  full  length,  of  Adding- 
ton in  his  robes  of  office  as  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Commons  and  Member  of  the  Privy  Council.  It 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  225 

was  engraved  by  Dunkarton  and  published  by  Copley 
in  1799.  Addington  was  Speaker  in  1794.  In  this 
portrait  his  right  hand  rests  upon  a  manuscript 
partly  unrolled.  The  background  shows  the  House 
of  Parliament.  The  portrait  measures  sixty-four  by 
ninety-four  inches  and  when  it  was  publicly  exhibited 
in  1868  belonged  to  Rt.-Hon.  T.  H.  S.  Sothern- 
Estcourt. 

SIEGE  OF  GIBRALTAR 

This  historical  picture  is  one  of  Copley's  master- 
pieces. It  was  made  in  1789-1790  for  the  City  of 
London.  Several  study  heads,  highly  finished,  are 
owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter.  The  original 
picture  is  in  the  Council  Chamber  of  Guildhall, 
London.  It  contains  portraits  of  Major-General 
De  La  Motte,  Colonel  Duchenhausen,  Colonel 
Schleppengull,  Colonel  Hugo  and  others.  A  sketch 
for  this  picture  was  sold  at  the  Lyndhurst  sale  in 
1864.  A  small  but  highly  finished  picture  was  in 
the  possession  of  Mr.  Gregory,  M.  P. 

ANDREW  SIGOURNEY 

Was  born  in  1702,  and  was  the  son  of  Andrew 
Sigourney  and  Mary  Germaine,  his  wife.  He  mar- 
ried in  1731,  Mary,  only  daughter  of  Dr.  John 
Ronchon,  and  died  in  1772.  His  portrait,  which  is 


226  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

of  three-quarters  length,  represents  him  as  seated, 
and  is  that  of  a  middle  aged  man,  dressed  in  the 
costume  of  the  times.  His  left  hand  rests  on  a  long 
staff.  This  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  Mrs. 
Ross  of  Hartford,  Conn. 

MRS.  ANDREW  SIGOURNEY 

Died  in  1772.  Her  portrait,  which  is  of  three- 
quarters  length,  represents  her  as  a  fine  looking 
woman  of  about  forty  years  of  age.  She  is  seated. 
Her  hair,  which  is  dark  and  very  thick,  is  drawn  off 
from  her  forehead,  and  hangs  in  a  heavy  mass  down 
her  back.  She  wears  no  ornaments.  Her  right 
hand  rests  in  her  lap,  while  with  her  left  she  seems 
to  be  fastening  her  bodice.  This  picture  was  owned 
by  Mrs.  Ross,  of  Hartford,  Conn. 

THE  SITWELL  FAMILY 

This  is  a  group  of  several  children  of  Francis  Hurt 
Sitwell  who  died  in  1793;  it  was  painted  in  1785  and 
measures  sixty-one  and  three-quarters  by  seventy- 
one  and  one-half  inches.  It  was  shown  at  the  Royal 
Academy  in  1907  and  is  now  owned  by  Sir  George 
R.  Sitwell.  It  was  engraved  by  William  Ward. 

MRS.  SKINNER 

This  is  a  highly  finished  portrait,  representing  a 
lady  seated,  her  head  resting  on  her  hand.  The 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  227 

hair  is  without  powder,  and  is  drawn  back  over  a 
cushion.  The  picture  is  signed,  "John  Singleton 
Copley,  pinxit,  1772,  Boston."  It  is  in  the  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts,  Boston. 

CAPTAIN  JOHN  SMALL 

A  crayon  portrait  and  also  a  miniature  were  made 
of  this  officer  by  Copley.  Captain  Small  was  born 
in  1726  and  died  in  1796.  He  was  long  in  America, 
as  Captain  of  the  2ist  Regiment  in  1765,  Major- 
Commandant  in  the  84th  in  1775,  and  Lieutenant- 
Commandant  in  the  same  regiment  in  1780.  His 
portrait  is  also  in  TrumbulPs  picture  of  Bunker's  Hill. 
The  crayon  was  made  for  Mr.  Philip  Dumaresq  and 
a  copy  made  for  Captain  Small  with  some  alterations, 
according  to  the  Copley  correspondence.  The  copy 
was  sent  to  London  to  Alexander  Small,  a  brother  of 
Captain  Small.  The  following  letter  to  his  brother 
refers  to  the  picture. 

"Mr.  Copley  drew  a  portrait  in  Crayons,  about 
six  years  ago;  which  you  are  now  posses'd  of.  He 
has  hardly  us'd  his  Pencil  where  the  Performance 
has  not  been  universally  admired;  so  that  his  own 
works  will  speak  far  more  in  his  favor  than  any  thing 
that  can  be  said  by,  Dear  Sir,  Your  most  dutiful  and 
affectionate  Brother," 

John  Small 
Salem  neaar  Danvers,  June  9,  1774. 


228  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

ANN  TYNG  SMELT 

An  early  example  of  the  artist's  work,  showing  a 
light  haired  lady,  dressed  in  blue  satin  and  shepherd's 
dress,  with  crook  and  lamb,  of  three-quarters  length, 
measuring  forty  by  fifty  inches.  She  was  the 
daughter  of  Commodore  Tyng  and  the  wife  of  Cap- 
tain Smelt,  an  officer  in  the  British  Army.  She  died 
the  year  the  picture  was  painted.  It  is  in  its  original 
carved  frame  and  is  signed  and  dated  1756.  It 
belongs  to  Miss  Mabel  Harlow  of  Boston. 

MRS.  SMITH 

There  is  a  portrait  of  a  Mrs.  Smith,  which  has  always 
been  in  the  family,  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  John 
Heard  of  Ipswich,  Mass. 

ELIZABETH  STOKER  SMITH 

This  is  a  companion  picture  to  that  of  Isaac  Smith, 
her  husband.  She  was  born  in  1727,  and  died  in 
1786.  She  is  represented  as  attired  in  a  blue  satin 
under-dress,  and  an  open  crimson  sacque.  Her 
sleeves  reach  to  the  elbow,  with  white  ruffles,  and 
she  holds  in  her  hand  a  bunch  of  grapes.  This  is  a 
very  fine  portrait,  and  is  owned  by  Mr.  W.  Smith 
Carter  of  New  York. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  229 

ISAAC  SMITH 

A  merchant  of  Boston.  It  is  an  oil  painting  of 
full  length,  four  feet  long  by  three  feet,  three  inches 
wide.  He  was  born  in  1719,  and  died  in  1787.  He 
is  represented  as  seated  at  a  table  with  writing  mate- 
rials, and  is  dressed  in  a  plum-colored  coat,  small 
clothes,  and  a  full  wig.  It  is  in  the  original  frame. 
The  following  bill  for  this  portrait  and  that  of  Mrs. 
Smith  is  in  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society. 
1769  Mr.  Isaac  Smith  To  J.  S.  Copley 

To  painting  his  and  his  Lady's  portrait  in 
half  length  at  14  Guineas  £39-4-0 

To  2  Carved  Gold  frames  for  Do.  1 8-0-0 


£57-4-0 
Received   the   contents    in   full 

John  Singleton  Copley. 

This  portrait  now  belongs  to  Mr.  W.  Smith  Carter, 
of  New  York. 

REV.  WILLIAM  SMITH 

A  portrait  in  pastel,  measuring  sixteen  by  twenty 
inches,  shows  the  subject  in  clerical  robe,  white  wig, 
etc.  It  is  owned  by  Mr.  R.  C.  Greenleaf  and  is  in 
the  Metropolitan  Art  Museum. 


230  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MRS.  W.  S.  SMITH 

In  regard  to  this  painting  Mr.  Charles  Francis 
Adams  says :  "This  picture  was  a  portrait  of  Abigail, 
the  only  daughter  of  John  Adams,  who  married  Col. 
W.  S.  Smith,  of  Jamaica,  New  York,  then  Secretary 
of  Legation  to  Mr.  Adams  in  London,  and  died  in 
1813.  It  must  have  been  taken  somewhere  about 
the  year  1787.  It  belonged  to  her  brother,  John 
Quincy,  and  was  by  him  given  to  Mrs.  Smith's  only 
daughter,  Mrs.  De  Windt,  of  Fishkill,  Duchess 
County,  New  York.  It  was  a  remarkably  attractive 
picture  but  unfortunately  it  was  destroyed  in  a 
conflagration,  which  took  place  a  few  years  since, 
of  the  mansion  of  Mr.  De  Windt."  Mr.  Charles  F. 
Adams  has  a  miniature  copy  of  this. 

JOHN  SPARHAWK 

This  is  an  example  of  Copley's  English  miniature 
work  painted  either  in  1783  or  1784.  The  subject 
was  the  son  of  John  Sparhawk,  Jr.,  and  Jane  Porter 
Sparhawk,  who  was  grandniece  of  Chief  -  Justice 
Sewall.  He  was  born  in  1743  and  died  in  1784.  He 
was  the  nephew  of  Colonel  Nathaniel  Sparhawk. 

COL.  NATHANIEL  SPARHAWK 
Was  the  son  of  Rev.  John  Sparhawk,  of  Bristol, 
R.  I.,  who  died  in  1718.     His  mother  was  afterwards 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  231 

married  to  Jonathan  Waldo,  a  prominent  merchant 
of  Boston,  by  whom  Nathaniel  Sparhawk  was  edu- 
cated. On  June  10,  1742,  he  married  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Sir  William  Pepperell.  He  served  on 
the  Committee  of  Correspondence  as  one  of  the 
representatives  from  Cambridge  in  1772.  The  size 
of  this  picture  is  ninety  inches  long  by  fifty-eight 
in  width,  and  represents  a  gentleman  dressed  in  rose 
colored  velvet.  The  right  hand  is  in  the  pocket,  the 
left  holds  a  scroll.  It  is  signed  "J.  S.  Copley,  1764." 
The  figure  leans  in  an  easy  attitude  against  a  pillar. 
Behind  is  a  stairway  ornamented  with  a  vase,  and 
beyond  this  an  arch  with  statues  and  a  landscape. 
This  portrait  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Mr.  F.  R. 
Rindge,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  is  now  in  the  Boston 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 

Another  portrait,  twenty-eight  by  thirty-six  inches, 
belonging  to  Mr.  Everett  P.  Wheeler  of  New  York, 
was  shown  in  the  Hudson- Fulton  Exhibition  in  1909. 

MRS.  NATHANIEL  SPARHAWK 

Was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Pepperell. 
The  size  of  this  picture  is  twenty-six  inches  by  twenty- 
one  inches.  The  dress  is  a  pearl-colored  silk,  with  a 
white  scarf  over  one  shoulder.  There  are  pearl 
ornaments  in  her  hair  and  about  her  neck.  The 


232  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

portrait  was  in  the  possession  of  her  great  grand- 
daughter, Mrs.  Hampden  Cutts  of  Brattleboro, 
Vermont. 

EARL  SPENCER 

The  full  length  portrait  of  Rt.  Hon.  George  John 
Spencer,  Earl  Spencer,  Viscount  Althorp,  was  born 
in  1758  and  died  in  1834.  First  Lord  Commissioner 
of  the  Admiralty,  from  1795  to  1801,  was  engraved 
by  Dunkarton  and  published  by  Copley  in  1801.  He 
is  dressed  in  his  full  robes  and  is  represented  as 
Knight  of  the  Garter.  The  picture  shows  an  outdoor 
background  with  a  castle  in  the  distance.  It  was 
exhibited  in  the  Royal  Academy  in  1800.  It  meas- 
ures sixty-seven  by  one  hundred  and  four  inches. 
The  original  picture  is  in  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery  in  London. 

MRS.  GEORGE  SPOONER 

Her  maiden  name  was  Phoebe,  the  daughter  of 
John  and  Anna  Vassall  Borland.  A  miniature 
representing  a  pretty  young  woman  of  sixteen  years 
of  age,  which  was  taken  the  year  before  her  marriage. 
There  is  no  tradition  as  to  the  author  of  this  minia- 
ture, but  from  the  similarity  of  it  to  others  of  his 
works  of  this  kind,  there  can  be  but  little  doubt  that 
it  was  painted  by  Copley.  The  picture  was  in  the 
possession  of  a  niece,  Miss  Simpson  of  Boston. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  233 

WILLIAM  SPOONER,  M.D. 

He  was  born  March  24,  1760  and  died  February 
15,  1836.  The  portrait  was  painted  in  England  while 
Dr.  Spooner  was  studying  medicine  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Edinboro  where  he  received  his  degree  in 
1785.  Later  he  returned  to  Boston  and  practised 
his  profession.  This  is  a  half  length,  life-size  portrait, 
the  subject  being  shown  dressed  in  a  black  coat  with 
lace  at  the  neck  and  wrist.  He  wears  a  white  wig 
and  the  face  is  about  three-quarters  turned.  The 
thumb  of  his  right  hand  is  in  a  book  bearing  the  title 
"ElementoMedecini."  The  picture  is  about  twenty- 
five  by  thirty  inches  in  size  and  belongs  to  William 
Spooner's  great  grandson,  Dr.  Leslie  H.  Spooner  of 
Boston. 

MRS.  CHARLES  STARTIN 

Was  Sarah  Clarke,  daughter  of  Richard  Clarke 
and  a  sister  of  the  artist's  wife.  The  portrait  is  in 
oil  but  not  finished,  and  represents  only  the  head 
and  neck  of  the  lady.  She  wears  a  large  hat.  This 
portrait,  and  that  of  Mrs.  Skinner,  were  bought  by 
Mr.  George  Henry  Timmins,  a  great  nephew  of  Lord 
Lyndhurst,  at  the  sale  of  that  nobleman's  pictures. 
The  portrait  now  belongs  to  Mrs.  W.  Austin 
Wadsworth  of  Boston. 


234  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

ST.  CECILIA 

A  portrait  of  Mrs.  Copley  as  St.  Cecilia  was 
exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy  in  1804. 

SIR  JOHN  ST.  CLAIR 

A  fine  example  of  Copley's  miniature  portraiture 
signed  and  dated  1758  is  that  of  the  above  subject. 
It  measures  one  and  three-quarters  by  one  and  three- 
eighths,  now  owned  by  the  Historical  Society  of 
Pennsylvania.  Sir  John  St.  Clair  died  in  1767. 

MRS.  ROBERT  STEVENS 

Whose  maiden  name  was  Anstice  Elizabeth  Wig- 
nail,  was  born  in  Antigua  in  1722,  married  in  1738, 
and  died  in  1790.  The  picture  is  of  life  size,  and 
represents  a  lady  handsomely  attired  in  the  costume 
of  the  times.  It  is  in  the  Newport  Historical  Society. 

MRS.  WILLIAM  STEVENS 

She  was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Joseph  Allen,  and 
married  William  Stevens,  of  Gloucester,  in  1733. 
The  portrait  is  of  three-fourths  length,  and  is  in 
Copley's  early  manner.  The  lady  is  dressed  in  rose- 
colored  satin,  and  is  standing.  It  is  in  the  possession 
of  Mrs.  Edward  Russell  of  Boston. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  235 

THE  REV.  MR.  STILLMAN  AND  His  WIFE 
Who  was  Judith  Bullfinch.  These  are  two  oval 
miniatures.  In  the  picture  of  Mrs.  Stillman,  the 
hair  is  powdered  and  rolled  over  a  cushion,  and  is 
ornamented  with  a  pink  rose.  These  portraits  are 
in  the  possession  of  Miss  Julia  C.  Hixon  of  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y. 

ST.  JEROME,  AFTER  CORREGGIO 
I  find  copy  of  this  celebrated  picture  at  Parma 
was  a  commission  from  Lord  Grosvenor,  and  was 
painted  by  Copley  at  Parma  in  1775.     It  sold  at  the 
Lyndhurst  sale  in  1864  for  fifty-one  guineas. 

EBENEZER  STORER 

A  colored  crayon  of  half  length,  twenty-three 
inches  long  by  seventeen  wide.  He  was  a  merchant 
of  Boston,  was  born  in  1699  and  died  in  1761.  The 
dress  is  a  green  damask  robe  and  he  wears  a  green 
velvet  cap.  This  picture  is  now  owned  by  Mr.  W. 
Smith  Carter,  of  New  York. 

There  is  another  portrait  at  Harvard  College. 

MARY  STORER 

A  very  fine  crayon  portrait  of  this  lady  is  in  the 
Metropolitan  Museum  of  New  York.  She  has  a 
light  blue  dress,  cut  low  and  decorated  with  lace,  a 


236  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

rose  in  her  corsage,  and  hair  dressed  high  and  orna- 
mented with  pearls  and  flowers.  The  picture  is 
dated  1765. 

MRS.  MARY  STORER 

A  half-length  crayon.  The  dress  is  of  silk,  with  a 
black  lace  shawl  and  a  cap  of  black  lace  with  a  white 
border.  The  following  inscription  is  on  the  back  of 
the  portrait: 

"Died  December  8,  1771,  Mrs.  Mary  Storer, 
widow  of  the  late  Ebenezer  Storer,  aged  seventy-two. 
This  portrait  was  taken  two  years  before  her  death." 
It  is  now  owned  by  a  descendant,  Miss  G.  G.  Eaton 
of  Boston. 

MRS.  MARY  (EDWARDS)  STORER 
The  wife  of  Ebenezer  Storer;  she  was  born  in  1700 
and  died  in  1771.  The  dress  is  of  black  silk,  with  a 
white  muslin  handkerchief  crossed  over  the  neck  and 
covered  with  black  lace;  a  close  fitting  cap  completes 
the  costume.  This  portrait  is  in  the  possession  of 
Mr.  W.  Smith  Carter  of  New  York. 

SURRENDER  OF  ADMIRAL  DE  WINDT 
This  large  and  important  picture  of  the  surrender 
of  the  Dutch  Admiral  De  Windt  to  Lord  Duncan  in 
1797  was  bought  by  Lord  Duncan  at  the  Lyndhurst 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  237 

Sale  in  1864.  It  is  now  at  Camperdown,  the  family 
seat  in  Scotland.  The  picture  was  engraved  by 
Ward.  It  contains  portraits  of  Lord  Duncan,  Ad- 
miral De  Windt,  Captain  Sir  W.  Fairfax,  and  the 
officers  of  H.  M.  S.  Venerable.  The  action  is  sup- 
posed to  be  closed  and  Lord  Duncan  is  seen  on  the 
deck  of  the  Venerable  surrounded  by  his  officers. 
An  English  sailor  is  in  the  foreground  bearing  the 
enemy's  colors. 

TAPESTRY  DESIGN 

There  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Green,  of  Brattle- 
boro,  Vermont,  a  tapestry,  the  design  of  which  was 
said  to  have  been  drawn  on  the  canvas  by  Copley. 

There  are  also  two  tapestries  painted  by  Copley 
in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Wainwright  of  Marblehead. 

THE  TAKING  OF  DUNKIRK 

A  large  picture,  measuring  fifty-nine  by  ninety- 
four  inches,  painted  in  1800,  of  this  historical  subject 
was  sold  at  Christies,  London,  in  May,  1909,  from 
the  estate  of  the  Earl  of  Derby. 

JEREMIAH  TAYLOR 

He  was  the  son  of  Mr.  Taylor,  of  Hatton  Garden, 
for  many  years  the  most  eminent  oculist  of  his  time, 
and  the  grandson  of  the  celebrated  Chevalier  Taylor, 
whose  superior  skill  in  the  profession  was  well  known 


238  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

to  all  Europe.  Jeremiah  Taylor  was  a  member  of 
the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons  of  London,  and  M.D. 
of  the  Medical  College  at  Basle,  Switzerland.  The 
portrait  is  fresh  in  color  and  freely  and  broadly 
painted.  It  belongs  to  Thomas  B.  Clarke  of  New 
York. 

SIR  JOHN  TEMPLE 

He  was  a  descendant  of  Leofric,  Earl  of  Mercia, 
husband  of  the  famous  Countess  Godiva,  the  founder 
of  the  great  monastery  at  Coventry,  in  the  time  of 
Edward  the  Confessor.  Sir  John  Temple,  eighth 
Baronet,  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Governor 
Bowdoin.  He  was  Commissioner  of  the  Royal 
Navy,  and  after  the  war,  was  Consul-General  of 
Great  Britain  to  the  United  States.  He  is  repre- 
sented in  full  dress  and  a  white  wig.  The  picture 
which  is  a  crayon,  is  signed  J.  S.  Copley,  and  dated 
1764.  It  was  in  the  possession  of  a  descendant, 
Winthrop  Tappan  of  Boston. 

There  is  also  a  small  portrait  in  oil  measuring  about 
seventeen  by  twenty-one  inches,  showing  the  interior 
of  a  room  with  the  full  length  figure  in  court  dress. 

LADY  TEMPLE 

Her  maiden  name  was  Elizabeth  Bowdoin, daugh- 
ter of  Governor  James  Bowdoin.  She  married  John 
Temple  in  1767,  many  years  before  he  inherited  his 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  239 

title  which  came  to  him  in  a  round-about  way 
through  his  great-grandfather,  Rev.  Thomas  Temple, 
LL.D.  She  is  represented  in  a  handsome  dress  of 
the  period,  her  neck  decorated  with  a  string  of  pearls? 
and  her  hair  drawn  back  over  a  cushion.  This 
picture,  a  crayon,  was  owned  by  Winthrop  Tappan 
of  Boston. 

OXENBRIDGE    THACHER 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Thacher,  after  graduating  from 
Harvard  College  in  1738,  studied  for  the  ministry 
and  became  a  clergyman,  afterwards  abandoning 
the  profession  and  becoming  a  lawyer.  He  was  a 
sound  and  earnest  patriot.  He  died  in  1765.  The 
whereabouts  of  this  picture  is  unknown. 

MRS.  OXENBRIDGE  THACHER 
The  whereabouts  of  this  picture  is  unknown. 

SAMUEL  TODD 

This  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  miniature  work. 
He  was  the  son  of  William  and  Mary  Todd,  born 
July  24,  1752  and  died  March  31,  1815.  He  is 
shown  as  a  young  man  in  light  brown  coat  and  full 
face.  The  portrait  belongs  to  Miss  Alba  Davis. 

MRS.  SAMUEL  TORREY 

She  was  Miss  Catherine  Gore,  the  sister  of  Gover- 
ernor  Gore.  It  is  a  crayon  of  half  size,  taken  as  a 


24o  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

child  under  or  about  five  years  old.     It  is  in  the 
possession  of  Miss  Fanny  R.  Morse  of  Boston. 

ROBERT  TRAILLE 

A  pastel  portrait  of  this  gentleman  represents  him 
in  gray  coat  and  waistcoat,  trimmed  with  red.  He 
wears  a  wig  tied  with  a  black  bow  and  has  on  a  white 
neck  cloth.  The  figure  is  three-quarters  turned.  It 
measures  about  sixteen  by  twenty  inches.  The 
daughter  of  Mr.  Traille,  Mrs.  Spence,  was  grand- 
mother of  James  Russell  Lowell.  Mr.  Traille  lived 
in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  during  the  latter  years  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  He  was  the  last  Royal  Collector 
of  Customs  at  that  port  and  being  a  Loyalist,  re- 
turned to  England.  The  picture  was  probably 
painted  in  1762,  according  to  a  letter  to  Copley, 
dated  at  Halifax,  April  24,  1763,  signed  by  Peter 
Traille.  It  belongs  to  Dr.  Arthur  C.  Heffinger  of 
Portsmouth,  N.  H. 

CAPTAIN  PETER  TRAILLE 

That  Copley  painted  a  portrait  of  this  gentleman 
is  evident  from  the  following  letter  dated  Halifax, 
March  7,  1765. 
"Dear  Sir: 

By  a  letter  from  my  friend  Captain  Bruce  I  find 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  241 

myself  under  great  obligations  to  you,  particularly 
in  sending  a  couple  of  pieces  of  your  drawings  in 
crayons."  The  vessel  was  lost  in  passage  together 
with  the  portraits.  Captain  Traille  continues,  "I 
have  taken  every  step  to  find  out  if  any  of  them  are 
recovered  and  your  drawings  have  become  the  prey 
of  the  barbarous  Inhabitants. 

signed  Peter  Traille." 

It  is  possible  that  the  crayon  of  Robert  Traille, 
now  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  may  be  one  of  these 
portraits,  subsequently  recovered. 

MADAM  TREADWELL 

This  picture  is  of  half  length  and  of  life  size.  The 
lady  is  dressed  in  dove-colored  satin.  The  sleeves 
are  of  half  length  with  broad  lawn  ruffles.  The  hair 
is  creped.  There  is  a  strong  evidence  that  this 
picture  was  painted  by  Copley  in  1757,  in  his  early 
manner.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Ralph  Cutter, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  TURNER 

He  was  a  lineal  descendant  of  the  fifth  generation 
from  Humphrey  Turner,  who  came  from  Essex  in 
England,  to  Plymouth,  Massachusetts,  in  1628.  He 
was  born  in  1745,  and  married  in  1767,  Ann,  the 
daughter  of  Edward  Dumaresq  and  Mary  Bauti- 


242  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

neaux,  his  wife.  In  June,  1787,  he  was  appointed 
by  John  Hancock  an  aide-de-camp  to  the  Governor, 
and  this  commission,  with  John  Hancock's  signature 
and  that  of  John  Avery,  his  secretary,  is  in  the  pos- 
session of  Samuel  Epes  Turner.  This  picture  is  a 
crayon,  twenty-three  inches  long  by  seventeen  wide. 
It  is  of  life  size  and  nearly  half  length.  The  subject 
is  dressed  in  a  coat  and  waistcoat  of  white  cassimere, 
and  wears  a  ruffled  shirt,  fastened  in  front  by  a  pin, 
and  his  right  hand  is  thrust  into  his  bosom.  His 
hair  is  powdered  and  dressed  in  a  queue.  This 
picture  was  in  the  possession  of  a  grandson,  Samuel 
F.  Turner,  of  Baltimore,  Md. 

MRS.  WILLIAM  TURNER 

She  was  a  daughter  of  Edward  and  Mary  Du- 
maresq,  and  a  great  granddaughter  of  Hellier  Du- 
maresq,  Seigneur  des  Augres,  and  Jurat  of  the  Royal 
Council  of  the  Isle  of  Jersey.  She  was  baptized 
at  King's  Chapel  in  Boston,  in  1746,  and  was  married 
at  the  same  place  in  1767,  and  died  in  1824.  This 
is  a  companion  picture  to  that  of  her  husband,  and 
is  signed  and  dated  1767.  Her  dress  is  a  low-necked 
corsage  of  white  satin.  Over  her  shoulders  is  an 
ermine  tippet.  The  throat  is  tightly  clasped  by  a 
broad  necklace,  containing  three  rows  of  pearls. 
Her  hair  is  rolled  back  over  cushions,  and  ornamented 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  243 

by  a  small  blue  silk  cap,  fastened  by  four  pearl 
headed  pins.  This  picture  was  owned  by  a  grandson, 
Samuel  F.  Turner,  of  Baltimore,  Maryland. 

MRS.  ANDREW  TYLER 

Born  1731,  married  1746.  Her  maiden  name  was 
Mary  Richards,  and  she  married  the  Rev.  Andrew 
Tyler,  whose  mother  was  a  sister  of  Sir  William 
Pepperell.  This  picture  is  a  crayon  of  kit-kat  size, 
and  represents  her  as  dressed  in  a  blue  silk  and  pink 
mantle.  Her  hair  is  without  powder,  and  a  circlet 
of  pearls  close  under  her  chin  completes  her  costume. 
The  portrait  is  in  the  possession  of  the  New  England 
Historic  Genealogical  Society,  and  was  presented  by 
her  grandson,  Captain  George  Jackson  Tyler  of 
Providence. 

JOHN  TYNG  TYLER 

This  portrait  is  a  quaint  yet  charming  example  of 
Copley's  pastel  work,  showing  the  subject,  who  died 
July  23,  1767,  as  a  child  of  five  and  one-half  years  of 
age.  The  size  of  the  picture  is  seventeen  by  twenty- 
two  inches.  It  has  a  landscape  background  and 
shows  the  child  holding  a  black  hat  with  blue  lining, 
the  hat  holding  a  bunch  of  cherries.  He  has  a  brown 
coat  and  narrow  black  tie.  John  Tyng  Tyler  was 
the  son  of  Joseph  Tyler  and  Frances  Tyng  Tyler 
The  portrait  belongs  to  Mr.  F.  S.  Whitwell  of  Boston. 


244  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

ELEAZER  TYNG 

The  picture  is  six  feet  long  by  four  feet  wide.  Mr. 
Tyng  was  born  in  1690  and  died  in  1775.  He  owned 
a  large  tract  of  land  on  the  Merrimac  River,  to  which 
he  subsequently  gave  the  name  of  Tyngsborough. 
The  portrait  is  dated  in  1772.  It  is  a  full  length 
likeness  of  a  venerable  gentleman  and  represents  him 
as  sitting,  as  old  men  do,  in  an  attitude  of  perfect 
rest.  His  countenance  is  benignant.  The  dress  is  a 
drab  coat  and  small  clothes  with  black  stockings,  and 
he  wears  a  full  wig.  It  is  a  very  highly  finished 
picture.  Eleazer  Tyng  was  the  grandson  of  Edward 
Tyng,  whose  daughter,  Rebecca,  was  married  to 
Governor  Joseph  Dudley.  The  portrait  is  in  the 
possession  of  Copley  Amory  and  hangs  in  the  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts,  Boston. 

ELIZABETH  Ross  TYNG 

Wife  of  William  Tyng  of  Portland,  whom  she 
married  November  3,  1769.  She  was  the  only  child 
of  Captain  Alexander  Ross,  shipmaster  and  merchant, 
of  Portland,  Maine.  The  portrait  was  made  when 
the  subject  was  sixteen  years  of  age  and  measures 
forty  by  fifty  inches.  She  is  represented  as  dressed 
in  a  wine  color  silk,  low  neck,  with  an  ermine  scarf 
over  the  shoulders.  She  has  auburn  hair,  dressed 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  245 

high  with  ribbon  at  the  top  and  has  a  dove  perched 
on  her  outstretched  left  hand.  The  picture  belongs 
to  Miss  Mabel  Harlow  of  Boston. 

COLONEL  WILLIAM  TYNG 

A  miniature  by  Copley  of  Colonel  Tyng  is  owned 
by  Miss  Harlow,  a  descendant  of  Rev.  Timothy 
Milliard.  There  is  a  sheaf  of  hair  bound  with  a  pearl 
clasp  on  the  reverse  side.  Colonel  Tyng  was  born 
in  Boston,  August  17,  1739,  and  kept  a  bookstore 
in  Cornhill,  Boston,  and  later  moved  to  his  estates 
inherited  from  his  father,  Commodore  Edward  Tyng, 
at  Falmouth,  Maine,  becoming  sheriff  of  Cumberland 
County.  He  married  Elizabeth  Ross.  William 
Tyng  was  a  colonel  under  Gage  in  1774.  At  the 
bombardment  of  Falmouth  by  Captain  Mowatt, 
R.  N.,  in  1775,  this  portrait  and  the  other  of  the 
Tyng  family,  were  removed  from  the  house  for 
safety. 

WILLIAM  VANS  AND  His  WIFE 

There  were  said  to  have  been  portraits  of  the  above 
in  the  possession  of  a  Miss  Vans  of  Boston.  Their 
whereabouts  is  now  unknown. 

THOMAS  WILLIAM  VAWDREY 

This  is  a  very  fine  example  of  Copley's  work  at  his 
best  English  period.  The  picture  measures  twenty- 


246  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

eight  and  one-half  inches  by  thirty-five  inches.  He 
is  shown  at  half  length,  figure  turned  to  the  right. 
The  costume  is  pale  blue  with  lace  at  the  neck  and 
sleeves.  He  wears  a  white  wig  and  his  hands  are 
loosely  clasped;  the  background  is  dark  gray.  The 
picture,  which  is  in  an  excellent  state  of  preservation, 
belongs  to  Henry  Reinhardt  of  New  York  City. 

HON.  DANIEL  CROMMELIN  VERPLANCK 

This  portrait,  painted  about  the  same  time  as  that 
of  his  father,  Samuel  Verplanck,  represents  a  child 
full  length,  about  six  years  of  age,  playing  with  a 
squirrel.  The  picture  was  probably  painted  during 
Copley's  residence  in  New  York  City  in  1773,  and 
is  now  owned  by  Mr.  W.  E.  Verplanck  of  Fishkill- 
on-Hudson. 

MRS.  GULIAN  VERPLANCK 

This  is  a  very  handsome  portrait  of  the  lady  and 
her  grandchild,  Gulian  McEvers.  She  was  Mary 
Crommelin,  born  July  12,  1712,  and  married  Gulian 
Verplanck,  September  8,  1737.  She  was  the  mother 
of  Mary  Verplanck,  who  married  Charles  McEvers 
in  1763,  and  of  Anne  Verplanck,  who  married  Colonel 
Gabriel  G.  Ludlow  in  1760,  who  was  afterwards 
Governor  of  the  Province  of  New  Brunswick.  The 
canvas  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches  and  is  life  size 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  247 

to  below  the  knees.  She  is  seated  in  a  red  brocaded 
chair,  face  slightly  turned  to  the  left,  and  her  right 
hand  resting  on  the  shoulder  of  the  child,  who  is 
standing  at  her  knee.  The  child  wears  a  white  dress 
and  blue  sash,  and  hat  trimmed  with  a  blue  feather. 
The  picture  is  now  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  P.  J.  L. 
Searing  of  New  York  City. 

SAMUEL  VERPLANCK 

This  portrait  painted  about  1770,  represents  a 
gentleman  about  forty  years  of  age,  and  is  now  owned 
by  his  descendant,  Mr.  Samuel  Verplanck  of 
Fishkill-on-Hudson. 

MRS.  JUDGE  VINAL 

Whose  maiden  name  was  Osborn.  This  picture 
represents  a  young  lady  standing  in  a  garden,  the 
background  being  a  wall,  with  a  hill  and  water  in  the 
distance.  It  is  of  three-fourths  length.  The  dress 
is  of  mauve  pink  satin,  cut  square  in  the  neck,  and 
ornamented  with  rich  lace.  The  hair  and  eyes  are 
dark.  The  picture  is  owned  by  Frederic  Amory 
of  Boston. 

MRS.  ELIJAH  VOSE 

The  subject  of  this  portrait  was  Ruth  Tufts,  born 
1751  and  died  1821,  and  married  Colonel  Elijah 


248  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Vose  of  Milton.  She  was  the  daughter  of  Captain 
Simon  Tufts  of  Medford,  Mass.,  and  who  was  a 
merchant  at  Charleston,  S.  C.  It  is  a  picture  of  a 
handsome  young  woman  with  sloping  shoulders  and 
dressed  in  light  blue.  It  is  done  in  crayon  and  belongs 
to  Mrs.  William  Brewster  of  Cambridge. 

DANIEL  WAIT 

This  picture  is  two  feet  and  a  half  long  and  two 
feet  wide.  It  is  in  the  original  frame,  and  represents 
a  boy  in  a  standing  position.  The  dress  is  a  cloth 
coat  of  the  color  of  ashes  of  roses.  The  waistcoat  is 
blue,  and  under  his  left  arm  he  carries  his  hat.  In 
the  right  hand,  which  is  unfinished,  he  holds  fruit, 
and  his  hair  is  without  powder.  The  tradition  is  that 
Copley  sailed  for  Europe  before  he  could  complete 
this  picture,  which  therefore,  must  have  been  painted 
in  1774.  It  has  always  been  owned  by  the  family, 
and  is  now  in  the  possession  of  John  S.  Williams,  of 
Boston. 

MRS.  COLONEL  SAMUEL  WALDO 

Was  Griselda,  daughter  of  Lieutenant-Governor 
Andrew  Oliver.  She  was  born  in  1737,  married  in 
1760,  and  died  in  1761.  It  is  a  life-sized  head.  The 
upper  part  of  her  dress,  which  is  seen,  is  a  blue 
flowered  silk.  Her  hair  and  eyes  are  dark,  and  the 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  249 

left  side  of  the  hair  is  dressed  with  pearls  and  a  small 
spray  of  flowers.  She  wears  pearl  earrings  and 
around  her  throat  is  a  lace  tie. 

There  is  a  companion  picture  to  this,  representing 
a  sister  of  Mrs.  Waldo,  in  the  possession  of  Mrs. 
Ellis,  of  Burlington,  New  Jersey. 

MRS.  WILLIAM  WALTER 

Was  Lydia,  daughter  of  Hon.  Benjamin  Lynde,  of 
Salem,  who  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Hon.  John 
Bowles  of  Roxbury.  She  was  born  in  1741  and 
married  William  Walter,  D.D.,  rector  of  Trinity 
Church,  Boston,  in  1766.  The  portrait,  which  repre- 
sents her  as  dressed  in  a  pale  blue  silk,  trimmed  with 
black  lace,  was  painted  about  1767.  She  wears  a 
rose  in  the  corsage,  and  her  hair  is  combed  back  and 
fastened  with  pearls  and  a  pink  ribbon.  This  picture 
is  owned  by  Robert  Walcott  of  Cambridge. 

MRS.  JONATHAN  WARNER 

She  was  Mary,  the  daughter  of  Archibald  Mac- 
pheadris,  and  the  second  wife  of  Hon.  Jonathan 
Warner.  She  is  represented  as  sitting,  with  a  very 
beautiful  garland  of  flowers  in  her  lap.  Her  dress 
is  a  light  brown  satin.  This  portrait,  measuring 
fifty  inches  long  by  thirty-nine  wide,  still  hangs  in 
her  father's  old  house  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  and  is 
owned  by  Miss  Evelyn  Sherburne. 


2so  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

MARY  WARNER 

Was  a  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Jonathan  Warner,  who 
was  born  in  1726,  and  appointed  member  of  the 
King's  Council  in  1766.  He  married  for  his  first 
wife,  Mary,  daughter  of  Temple  Nelson,  Esq.  They 
had  one  daughter,  Mary,  who  married  Colonel 
Samuel  Sherburne,  and  was  the  subject  of  this 
picture.  She  is  represented  as  a  young  lady  about 
sixteen  years  of  age,  with  a  dress  of  yellowish  brown 
satin,  and  standing  with  a  bird  resting  on  her  left 
hand,  while  her  right  hand  holds  the  ribbon  which 
detains  her  pet.  This  picture  is  owned  by  Mrs. 
E.  H.  Harriman  of  New  York. 

GENERAL  JAMES  WARREN 

A  descendant  of  Richard,  who  settled  at  Plymouth 
in  1620,  was  born  in  1726.  Graduated  at  Harvard 
in  1745,  and  died  in  1808.  He  married  Mercy  Otis. 
He  was  a  man  of  large  fortune  and  a  distinguished 
patriot;  a  member  of  the  General  Court  in  1776; 
was  High  Sheriff  of  the  County,  and  President  of  the 
Provincial  Congress  after  the  death  of  General 
Joseph  Warren.  He  was  a  Major-General  of  Militia. 
The  picture  is  of  three-fourths  length,  and  of  life 
size,  and  represents  the  General  standing  with  his 
left  hand  grasping  his  cane,  while  the  right  is  con- 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  251 

cealed  by  the  lapel  of  his  long  waistcoat.  His  dress 
is  a  drab  cloth  coat  and  black  waistcoat,  ruffles  and 
a  grey  wig.  It  now  belongs  to  Winslow  Warren  of 
Dedham. 

MRS.  MERCY  OTIS  WARREN 

Wife  of  General  James  Warren,  was  a  sister  of  the 
Patriot,  James  Otis.  "She  had,"  says  Drake,  "an 
active  as  well  as  a  powerful  mind.  She  wrote  several 
satirical,  poetical  and  dramatic  pieces,  among  them  a 
satire  in  the  form  of  a  drama,  called  'The  Group,'  and 
another  called  'The  Adulator,'  which  were  famous  at 
the  time.  Her  poems,  full  of  patriotic  feeling,  were 
published  in  1790,  while  in  1805  she  published  her 
great  work,  'The  History  of  the  Revolutionary  War.' ' 
The  figure  is  of  life  size,  and  of  three-fourths  length, 
and  represents  the  lady  as  standing,  training  a 
nasturtium  vine  with  her  right  hand,  while  the  left 
is  raised  and  stretched  forward.  The  face  is  delicate 
and  intellectual.  The  eyes  and  hair  are  dark,  and 
her  headdress  is  of  white  lace,  trimmed  with  white 
satin  ribbons.  Her  robe  is  dark  green  satin,  with  a 
pompadour  waist,  trimmed  with  point  lace.  There 
is  a  full  plait  at  the  back  hanging  from  the  shoulders, 
and  her  sleeves  are  also  of  point  lace.  White  illusion 
trimmed  with  point  lace,  and  fastened  with  a  white 
satin  bow,  covers  her  neck.  The  front  of  the  skirt 


252  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

and  of  the  sleeves  are  elaborately  trimmed  with 
puffings  of  satin.  This  portrait  is  now  owned  by 
Winslow  Warren  of  Dedham. 


GENERAL  JOSEPH  WARREN 

Born  June  n,  1741 ;  killed  at  the  battle  of  Bunker 
Hill,  June  17,  1775.  A  full  length  figure.  He  is 
represented  in  costume.  The  canvas  is  about  five 
feet  long  by  four  feet  wide,  and  the  coloring  is  very 
beautiful.  It  was  one  of  Copley's  last  portraits 
before  he  left  Boston  for  Europe  in  1774,  and  as  a 
piece  of  artistic  skill,  as  well  as  for  its  historic  interest, 
has  been  pronounced  to  be  one  of  the  most  valuable 
of  Copley's  portraits  in  this  country.  "It  was 
painted  while  General  Warren  was  the  presiding 
officer  of  the  Massachusetts  Congress."  It  was 
bequeathed  to  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  by 
Dr.  Buckminster  Brown. 

Another  portrait,  twenty-nine  inches  long  by 
twenty-four  wide,  represents  him  as  seated  at  a  table 
in  citizen's  dress,  showing  one  hand  only.  This 
picture  was  originally  owned  by  General  Arnold 
Welles,  who  married  General  Warren's  daughter. 
It  passed  from  him  to  Dr.  J.  C.  Warren,  and  from 
him  to  his  grandson,  the  present  Dr.  John  Collins 
Warren  of  Boston. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  253 

MRS.  JOSEPH  WARREN 

This  portrait  is  a  three-quarters  length,  seated 
figure  of  a  handsome  woman.  It  measures  forty  by 
fifty  inches.  She  wears  a  light  blue  dress  with  pink 
overdress  cut  low  in  the  neck.  Her  arm  rests  on  the 
back  of  a  chair.  Mrs.  Warren  died  in  1773,  aged 
twenty-six  years.  This  portrait  is  the  pendant  of 
that  of  General  Warren  and  the  two  have  always 
been  together.  It  is  now  in  the  Museum  of  Fine 
Arts,  Boston. 

WINSLOW  WARREN 

Was  a  son  of  General  James  and  Mercy  Warren. 
The  picture  is  of  life  size.  The  countenance  is 
florid,  with  dark  eyes  and  eyebrows.  The  coat  is  of 
light  brown,  with  a  dark  velvet  collar;  a  white  neck- 
cloth, ruffles,  and  powdered  hair  complete  the  cos- 
tume. This  picture  was  painted  in  London  toward 
the  close  of  the  Revolution,  and  is  now  owned  by 
Winslow  Warren  of  Dedham. 

WATSON  AND  THE  SHARK 

Representing  the  harbor  of  Havana,  and  Brooke 
Watson,  afterwards  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  at- 
tacked by  a  shark;  the  picture  is  taken  at  the 
moment  of  his  rescue  by  a  boat's  crew.  This  picture 
was  painted  in  1778  and  was  engraved  by  Valentine 


254  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

Green  in  1779.  The  original  sketch  for  this  picture 
is  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  Dexter  of  Boston.  There 
are  three  finished  pictures,  the  original  being  in  the 
possession  of  Lord  Aberdare,  Eaton  Square,  London, 
S.  W.  A  duplicate  hangs  in  the  Foundling  School, 
London,  and  a  third  picture  is  in  the  Boston  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts,  a  gift  from  Mrs.  George  Von  L.  Meyer. 

BROOKE  WATSON 

A  portrait  of  Watson  in  his  official  robes  as  Lord 
Mayor  of  London  is  said  to  be  by  Copley  and  was 
owned  by  Mr.  Pulitzer  of  New  York. 

ELKANAH  WATSON 

Son  of  Elkanah,  and  a  half  brother  of  Colonel 
George  Watson,  was  a  descendant  of  Robert,  of 
Plymouth,  1623.  He  was  born  January  22,  1758 
and  died  December  5,  1842.  He  was  one  of  the  most 
distinguished  men  of  his  time,  and  also  one  of  the 
most  active  among  those  opposed  to  the  English 
power.  A  friend  of  Franklin,  Burke,  Priestly  and 
Watt.  The  picture  represents  him  standing,  and 
leaning  against  a  pillar.  In  his  right  hand  he  holds 
a  cane  and  a  letter,  and  in  his  left  a  hat;  a  table 
stands  near,  over  which  is  seen  the  sea  with  a  ship 
bearing  a  flag.  "The  painting  was  finished,"  says 
Mr.  Watson  in  his  journal,  "in  most  admirable  style, 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  255 

except  the  background,  which  Copley  and  I  designed 
to  represent  a  ship  bearing  to  America  the  acknowl- 
edgment of  our  independence,  with  the  sun  rising 
upon  the  stars  and  stripes  of  the  Union,  streaming 
from  her  gaff.  All  was  complete  save  the  flag,  which 
Copley  did  not  deem  it  proper  to  hoist  under  present 
circumstances,  as  her  gallery  was  a  constant  resort 
for  the  royal  family  and  the  nobility.  I  dined  with 
the  artist  on  the  glorious  fifth  of  December,  1782. 
After  listening  with  him  to  the  speech  of  the  king, 
formally  recognizing  the  United  States  of  America 
as  in  the  rank  of  nations,  previous  to  dinner,  and 
immediately  after  our  return  from  the  House  of 
Lords,  he  invited  me  into  the  studio,  and  there,  with 
a  bold  hand,  a  master's  touch,  and  I  believe,  an 
American  heart,  attached  to  the  ship  the  Stars  and 
Stripes;  this  was,  I  imagine,  the  first  American  flag 
hoisted  in  Old  England."  It  is  stated,  in  the  life 
of  Mr.  Watson,  that  he  paid  one  hundred  guineas 
for  this  picture.  It  was  in  the  possession  of  Mrs. 
Thompson  of  Philadelphia. 

COLONEL  GEORGE  WATSON 

Son  of  John  Watson,  married  first  Abigail  Salton- 
stall;  second,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Chief -Justice 
Peter  Oliver.  "He  was  an  opulent  and  liberal 
merchant  of  Plymouth,"  says  Thacher.  The  picture 


256  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

is  of  three-fourths  length,  and  is  in  profile,  represent- 
ing Colonel  Watson  standing,  with  one  hand  resting 
on  a  table,  the  other  holding  a  letter  which  he  seems 
to  read.  He  is  dressed  in  a  handsome  brown  suit, 
laced  with  gold.  It  is  a  very  fine  picture,  dated  and 
signed  in  monogram,  1765.  Colonel  Watson  was 
born  in  1718,  and  died  in  1800. 

MRS.  GEORGE  WATSON 

Daughter  of  Chief-Justice  Oliver,  was  born  in 
1735  and  died  in  1767,  aged  thirty-two.  She  is 
represented  as  dressed  in  rose- colored  satin.  The 
figure  is  somewhat  in  profile.  The  hair  is  without 
powder;  the  right  hand  holds  a  scarf,  which  is  par- 
tially draped  around  the  waist;  in  her  left  hand  she 
bears  a  beautiful  little  vase.  The  whole  picture  is 
very  well  painted  and  graceful.  It  is  dated  and 
signed  in  monogram,  1765,  and  belongs  to  Mrs. 
Inches.  It  was  exhibited  in  the  Boston  Museum  of 
Fine  Arts  in  1911. 

MARY  WATTS 

A  daughter  of  Sarah  Osborne,  whose  second 
husband  was  Judge  Samuel  Watts.  She  married 
Dr.  Edward  Watts,  a  son  of  her  stepfather.  The 
picture  is  half  length,  twenty-nine  inches  long  by 
twenty-four  wide.  The  dress  is  of  green  satin,  a  bow 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  257 

at  the  waist  and  a  pink  scarf.  The  hair  is  without 
powder,  surmounted  by  small  white  flowers.  The 
ornaments  are  pearl  earrings  and  a  pearl  necklace. 
It  belongs  to  Mr.  F.  S.  Moseley  of  Boston. 

MRS.  SAMUEL  WATTS 

Her  maiden  name  was  Sarah  Osborne,  a  sister  of 
Mrs.  Epes  Sargent,  Jr.  She  married,  first,  Thomas 
Oxnard,  who  died  in  1754;  and  second,  in  1756, 
Judge  Samuel  Watts.  Her  portrait,  beautifully 
painted,  represents  her  as  a  very  fine-looking  woman, 
dressed  in  black,  with  a  widow's  cap.  The  size  of 
the  picture  is  twenty-nine  inches  long  by  twenty-four 
inches  wide.  It  is  owned  by  Mrs.  T.  J.  Lee  of  Boston. 

JOSEPH  WEBB 

The  following  correspondence  in  part  from  Mr. 
Webb  to  Henry  Pelham  is  the  only  evidence  in  the 
possession  of  the  author  that  Copley  painted  his 
portrait.  Joseph  Webb  was  brother  of  Samuel 
Blachley  Webb. 

Sir, 

"Your's  of  the  26th  Ulo.  I  Reed,  per  the  last  post, 
and  am  much  surprised  at  the  Contents.  I  wish  you 
wou'd  take  the  trouble  to  call  on  Mr.  Hyde,  the 
Hartford  Post  Rider,  to  whom  I  paid  the  Money  on 
the  Receiving  the  Picture,  which  was  last  Fall.  I 


2$8  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

was  in  Boston  last  February  and  shou'd  hardly  have 
come  out  of  Town  had  it  not  have  been  paid;  and 
was  sorry  that  I  was  in  such  hurry  as  not  to  be  able 
to  wait  on  Mr.  Copley  out  of  Complisance,  for  I 
found  Him  vastly  polite  and  genteel  when  He  did 
the  Work  for  me." 

Jos.  Webb 
Wethersfield,  June  3d,  1774. 

JOSHUA  WINSLOW 

Paymaster  and  Commissary-General  of  the  forces 
sent  to  Acadia,  under  General  John  Winslow,  was  a 
son  of  Sheriff  Edward  Winslow,  and  descended  from 
John,  brother  of  Edward  Winslow,  the  Governor 
of  Massachusetts.  This  portrait  represents  him  as 
wearing  the  undress  uniform  of  a  British  officer,  and 
is  signed  and  dated  1755. 

R.  WILSON 

A  portrait  of  this  gentleman  was  exhibited  by 
Copley  at  the  Royal  Academy  in  1800. 

PROF.  JOHN  WINTHROP,  LL.D.,  F.R.S. 

He  was  the  son  of  Judge  Adam  Winthrop;  was 
born  in  Boston  in  1714;  graduated  at  Harvard  in 
1732;  and  died  at  Cambridge  in  1779.  He  was 
Hollis  Professor  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Phil- 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  259 

osophy  in  Harvard  College  for  more  than  forty  years. 
He  was  distinguished  as  a  mathematician  and  an 
astronomer,  and  was  a  prolific  writer  on  both  sub- 
jects. He  was  also  for  some  time  Judge  of  Probate, 
Librarian  of  the  College,  and  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  American  Academy.  His  first  wife  was  Rebecca, 
daughter  of  James  Townsend,  and  his  second  wife 
was  Hannah  Fayerweather,  widow  of  Parr  Tolman. 
The  picture  is  four  feet  one  inch  long  by  three  feet 
three  inches  wide.  It  formerly  hung  in  Harvard 
Hall,  but  is  now  believed  to  be  in  Newport.  The 
subject  is  seated  at  a  table,  holding  an  astronomical 
diagram.  On  the  table  is  a  study  telescope  and  a 
heavy  volume  without  a  title.  He  is  dressed  in  a 
black  robe,  with  linen  bands.  The  thoughtful 
expression  of  countenance  is  exceedingly  well  ren- 
dered. 

MRS.  JOHN  WINTHROP 

Was  Hannah  Fayerweather,  daughter  of  Mr. 
Samuel  Fayerweather  of  Cambridge,  and  was  the 
widow  of  Parr  Tolman.  The  picture  is  thirty-six 
inches  by  twenty-nine;  the  figure  is  half  length, 
sitting  in  a  high  backed  chair,  covered  with  red; 
there  is  a  mahogany  table  behind  her.  The  portrait 
is  painted  in  full  face,  and  the  hair  is  combed  back 
under  a  white  lace  cap,  trimmed  with  pink  and  white 


260  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

ribbon.  Her  dress  is  of  blue  silk  and  is  ornamented 
with  a  bow  of  blue  and  white  ribbon  at  the  breast, 
the  neckerchief  and  sleeves  are  of  lace,  and  she  wears 
a  pearl  necklace.  In  her  hand  she  holds  a  branch 
on  which  are  nectarines  and  the  leaves,  both  reflected 
on  the  top  of  the  table.  On  her  left  hand  she  wears  a 
ring  of  diamonds  and  garnets.  Mrs.  Winthrop  was 
the  second  wife  of  Prof.  John  Winthrop,  Hollis 
Professor  of  Harvard  College.  This  portrait  was 
painted  in  1774  and  is  a  very  fine  example  of  Copley's 
work.  It  is  owned  by  Edward  D.  Harris  of  Yonkers, 
N.  Y.,  and  is  in  the  house,  No.  8  Holyoke  Place, 
Cambridge. 

SAMUEL  WINTHROP 

Was  the  son  of  Judge  Adam  Winthrop  who  died 
in  1743.  The  picture  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches. 
It  represents  Mr.  Winthrop  as  seated  by  the  side  of  a 
table,  which  is  covered  with  a  red  cloth;  upon  the 
table  is  an  inkstand  and  behind  it  is  a  red  curtain. 
In  his  right  hand  he  holds  a  pen  and  in  the  left  there 
is  a  scroll.  He  is  dressed  in  a  black  robe  with  linen 
bands.  He  was  a  very  able  lawyer,  sometime  Clerk 
of  Suffolk  County  Court,  and  a  brother  of  Prof.  John 
Winthrop.  This  picture  is  at  Harvard  College. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  261 

THE  REV.  WILLIAM  WELSTEED 
It  is  probable  that  the  portrait  of  this  gentleman, 
who  was  pastor  of  the  new  Brick  Church  in  Long 
Lane,  now  Federal  Street,  in  1728,  now  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  is  the 
original  picture  painted  by  Copley  in  1752  or  1753, 
when  he  was  but  sixteen  years  of  age,  and  the  earliest 
known  portrait  by  Copley.  Mr.  Welsteed  was  born 
in  Boston  and  graduated  at  Harvard  in  1716,  and 
was  a  tutor  there  from  1720  to  1728.  He  was  pastor 
for  twenty-five  years. 

A  duplicate  is  owned  by  a  church  in  Waltham, 
Mass. 

The  picture  was  engraved  and  published  by  Copley 
in  1753  and  is  the  only  plate  engraved  by  Copley  of 
which  there  is  any  record. 

SIR  JOHN  WENTWORTH,  LL.D. 
Was  born  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  son  of  Mark 
Wentworth,  in  1737;  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1755;  received  the  degree  of  LL.D.  from  Oxford 
in  1766;  married  his  cousin,  Mrs.  Atkinson,  in  1769; 
was  created  a  Baronet  in  1795.  He  was  the  last 
Royal  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  1766  to  1775, 
and  died  at  Halifax  in  1820.  The  picture  is  a  fine 
crayon  in  its  original  black  and  gold  frame,  measures 


262  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

twenty-two  by  eighteen  inches,  and  is  signed  and 
dated  1769.  He  wears  a  light  gray  coat  and  waist- 
coat and  a  white  wig.  This  picture  is  now  in  the 
possession  of  Mrs.  Gordon  Abbott. 

Another  pastel  is  owned  by  Miss  Susan  Wentworth 
at  Portsmouth,  N.  H. 

A  very  fine  half  length  portrait  of  Sir  John  Went- 
worth is  in  the  State  Capitol  at  Concord,  N.  H. 
Governor  Wentworth  was  a  summer  resident  in  the 
lake  region  of  New  Hampshire,  having  a  mansion 
at  Wolfboro. 

THE  WESTERN  FAMILY 

"This  picture,  painted  in  1802,  is  one  of  the 
pictures,"  says  Mrs.  Amory,  "that  may  be  taken  as 
a  fine  specimen  of  Copley's  work  in  domestic  por- 
traiture." It  is  now  in  England. 

LORD  WESTERN  AND  BROTHER 
This  double  portrait  is  of  Lord  Western  and  his 
brother,   Rev.    S.   Western,    as   boys.     It   belonged 
in  1868  to  Sir  Thos.  Western. 

FRANCES  DEERING  WENTWORTH 
Was  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Wentworth  of  Boston. 
She  was  born  in  1746  and  died  in  England,  February 
14,    1813;    she  married  May   13,    1762  her  cousin, 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  263 

Theodore  Atkinson,  and  afterwards  married  on 
November  n,  1769,  another  cousin,  Sir  John 
Wentworth.  This  portrait  remained  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Theodore  Atkinson,  Sr.,  from  whom  it  was 
inherited  by  Frances  Atkinson,  who  in  1819  married 
Asa  Freeman,  of  Dover,  N.  H.  In  1873  it  was 
purchased  by  John  Fisher  Sheafe  for  the  private 
gallery  of  James  Lenox,  and  was  later  added  to  the 
collection  given  by  him  to  the  City  in  1870.  The 
picture,  taken  at  the  age  of  nineteen,  is  of  three- 
fourths  length,  and  measures  forty  by  fifty  inches; 
her  dress  is  of  white  satin,  with  pearls  around  the 
neck  and  in  her  hair.  In  her  left  hand  she  holds  a 
chain,  to  which  is  attached  a  flying  squirrel,  which 
plays  upon  a  table.  The  towns  of  Deering  and 
Francestown,  N.  H.,  were  named  in  her  honor  and 
that  of  her  mother.  The  picture  is  signed  John  S. 
Copley,  1765,  and  is  in  the  New  York  Public  Library. 

MR.  AND  MRS.  JOSHUA  WENTWORTH 
That  Copley  had  sittings  for  the  portraits  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Wentworth  is  evident  from  the  following 
letter  from  Mr.  Wentworth  to  Henry  Pelham.  We 
are  not  aware  of  the  whereabouts  of  the  portrait  of 
Mrs.  Wentworth.  Mr.  Wentworth  evidently  had 
only  one  sitting.  Joshua  Wentworth  was  born  1742 
and  died  1809,  and  was  the  son  of  Daniel  and  Eliza- 


264  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

beth     Wentworth.     Mrs.     Wentworth     was     Sally 

Pierce. 

Portsmo.,  April  7th,  1775. 
Sir, 

Your  favor  of  I4th  March  I  rec'd  5th  Inst.  per 
post.  Observe  Mr.  Copley's  Bill  for  Mrs.  Went- 
worth's  portrait  which,  if  compleat,  shou'd  with 
great  pleasure  discharge  the  demand,  and  as  ready 
pay  a  like  for  mine.  Mr.  Copley,  on  my  determina- 
tion, of  hav'g  those  portrait  taken,  Engag'd  with  me 
no  other's  shou'd  impeed  the  execution  of  them. 
After  Mrs.  Wentworth  had  set  many  days,  and 
myself  one,  he  agreed  and  finish'd  a  Portrait  for  a 
Mrs.  Babcock,  wch  exceedingly  disapointed  my 
Intentions,  and  my  business  cal'g  me  hither,  was 
oblig'd  to  leave  Boston,  without  a  finish  of  either 
Portrait. 

|I  cannot  determine  when  Mrs  Wentworth  will 
(be)  in  Boston;  her  present  Curcumstances  will 
not  admit  her  Visit'g  it  for  some  months. 

I  purpose  to  ride  thither  in  May,  if  the  hurry  of 
Govement  at  home  does  not  oblige  the  Inhabitants  to 
abandon  their  Houses  for  a  more  agreeable  retreat, 
from  the  Clamours  of  War. 

I  shall  wait  on  you  when  I  go  to  Boston,  in  the 
Interim  am,  Sir,  Your  mt.  obt.  Servt. 

Josh.  Wentworth. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  265 

MRS.  OLIVER  WHIPPLE 

Was  Abigail,  youngest  daughter  of  Dr.  Sylvester 
Gardiner,  born  in  1750,  and  a  sister  of  the  Hon.  Mrs. 
Arthur  Browne,  of  Mrs.  Robert  Hallowell  and  Mrs. 
Philip  Dumaresq.  The  size  of  the  picture  is  three- 
fourths  length,  and  the  lady  is  represented  as  seated 
in  the  open  air,  dressed  in  a  white  satin  robe  with  a 
blue  silk  mantle.  She  has  a  blue  silk  collar  around 
her  neck;  her  hair  is  without  powder,  and  ornamented 
with  small  flowers;  in  the  background  on  her  right 
there  is  a  large  tree.  This  picture  belongs  to  Mrs. 
James  M.  Codman  of  Brookline. 

MRS.  WILLIAM  WHIPPLE 

Was  the  wife  of  William  Whipple  of  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence.  She  was  Catherine,  the  daughter 
of  John  Moffat,  a  descendant  of  John  Mason,  the 
Grantee  of  New  Hampshire.  The  figure  is  of  two- 
thirds  length,  and  nearly  life  size.  She  is  painted 
as  sitting  under  a  tree,  with  a  basket  of  roses  in  her 
left  hand,  and  single  red  rose  in  her  right.  Her 
costume  is  a  heavy  yellowish  brocade.  The  tradi- 
tion is  that  the  portrait  was  painted  when  she  was 
very  young.  It  now  belongs  to  Miss  Peabody  of 
Cambridge. 


266  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

DR.  WHITWORTH 

A  portrait  of  this  gentleman,  in  crayon,  is  in  the 
possession  of  a  grandson,  Mr.  J.  D.  W.  White,  of 
Germantown,  Penna. 

HON.  RICHARD  WIBIRD 

Of  the  King's  Colonial  Council  for  New  Hampshire, 
one  of  the  seven  proprietors  of  that  colony;  born 
1702,  died  1765.  He  was  a  Judge  of  Probate,  etc. 
The  picture  measures  three  feet  one  inch  in  length 
by  two  feet  six  inches  in  width,  and  represents  a 
handsome  man  dressed  in  a  brown  velvet  coat  and 
waistcoat;  there  are  fine  lace  ruffles  over  the  hands, 
which  are  very  delicate.  He  wears  a  light- colored 
wig,  which  completes  his  costume.  This  picture  is 
owned  by  Mr.  Penhallow  of  Boston. 

ANNA  GREEN  WINSLOW 

The  daughter  of  General  Joshua  Winslow.  A  very 
handsome  miniature  of  this  young  lady  was  owned 
by  the  late  Miss  E.  C.  Trott  of  Niagara  Falls. 

LORD  CAMPBELL 

There  were  portraits  of  Lord  Campbell  and  his 
wife  painted  in  Boston.  He  was  the  last  Royal  Gov- 
ernor of  South  Carolina.  They  are  now  in  South 
Carolina.  William  Campbell  was  Governor  of  South 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  267 

Carolina  1774-75  and  previously  Governor  of  Nova 
Scotia.  He  married  Sarah,  a  sister  of  Ralph  Izard. 
Died  Sept.  5,  1778. 

Miss  COPLEY 

A  portrait  of  the  daughter  of  Lord  Lyndhurst  and 
granddaughter  of  the  artist,  is  owned  by  Lady 
Du  Cane. 

DR.  MOSES  EVERETT 

This  portrait  is  an  early  example  of  Copley's  work 
in  crayon.  It  shows  the  subject  in  brown  coat, 
nearly  full  face,  blue  eyes,  and  natural  powdered 
hair.  The  left  hand  is  partly  concealed  in  the  waist- 
coat. Mr.  Everett  was  pastor  of  a  church  at  Dedham, 
Mass.  The  portrait  belongs  to  Miss  Alba  Davis  of 
Boston. 

ANNE  FRANCIS 

A  portrait  of  this  lady  was  painted  by  Copley. 
She  is  represented  in  a  standing  position,  half-length. 
Her  dress  is  low  at  the  neck,  skirts  full  and  plaited 
at  the  hips.  She  holds  a  flower  in  her  left  hand. 
There  is  a  landscape  background.  It  belongs  to  Col. 
F.  C.  Goldsborough  of  Maryland. 

ADMIRAL  GAMBIER 

This  is  a  portrait  of  Copley's  English  period  which 
shows  the  effect  of  the  influence  of  his  contemporaries 


268  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

upon  his  manner  and  technique.  The  picture  is 
of  three-quarters  length,  the  figure  in  a  standing 
position  slightly  turned  towards  the  left.  He  is 
dressed  in  full  uniform,  the  right  hand  grasping  a 
staff  and  the  left  arm  resting  on  the  right  hand  and 
holding  his  hat  in  his  left  hand.  There  is  a  landscape 
background.  James  Gambier  was  born  in  1723  and 
died  in  1789.  He  was  present  at  the  capture  of 
Louisburg  in  1758,  Commander-in-Chief  of  the 
North  American  station  in  1770,  second  in  command 
under  Howe  at  New  York,  Vice-Admiral  in  1780, 
and  Commander  at  Jamaica  in  1783.  The  picture 
is  owned  by  Messrs.  R.  C.  and  N.  M.  Vose  of  Boston. 

Miss  HILL 

A  portrait  of  this  lady  who  was  of  the  family  of 
the  Duke  of  Wellington  is  a  very  fine  example  of 
Copley's  best  English  period.  It  belongs  to  George 
R.  White  and  is  at  his  country  residence  at  Man- 
chester, Mass. 

BARON  AMHERST 

A  portrait  of  Jeffrey  Amherst  (born  1717  and  died 
1797)  was  sold  at  auction  in  1878  at  the  Suffolk  Street 
Galleries,  London.  He  commanded  the  expedition  to 
North  America  in  1758  which  took  Louisburg,  Fort 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  269 

Du  Quesne,  Ticonderoga,  and   Crown   Point;    and 
shared  in  the  capture  of  Montreal.     Governor  of 
Virginia,  in  1763.     Created  Baron  Amherst,  in  1776. 
Field  Marshal,    in  1796. 
The  whereabouts  of  the  portrait  is  not  known. 

UNKNOWN  PORTRAITS 

There  is  owned  by  Mr.  F.  B.  Smith  of  Worcester, 
Mass.,  a  very  distinguished  and  handsome  portrait 
of  a  lady  by  Copley.  She  is  represented  as  standing, 
with  a  table  at  her  left,  on  which  is  a  vase  of  tulips, 
one  of  which  she  is  taking  with  her  right  hand.  She 
is  dressed  in  brown  with  lace  ruffles  on  her  sleeves. 

A  Girl  and  Dog.  This  picture  is  owned  by  J.  A. 
Hewlett  of  New  York. 

An  oval  portrait  of  a  lady,  subject  unknown,  with 
a  rose  in  her  hair,  is  owned  by  Mrs.  F.  Gordon 
Dexter. 

A  boy  wearing  a  hat  decorated  with  feather,  and 
holding  a  dog.  This  picture  was  in  the  possession  of  a 
branch  of  the  White  family  of  Boston. 

Two  miniatures  said  to  be  by  Copley,  were  in  the 
possession  of  Miss  Sarah  Hooper  of  Boston. 


270  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

A  portrait  of  a  lady,  dressed  in  white  satin,  of 
three-fourths  length,  owned  by  Mrs.  A.  S.  Porter, 
has  always  been  in  the  family,  and  is  believed  to  be 
by  Copley. 

A  portrait  in  oil  of  an  unknown  man  in  Copley's 
early  manner  is  lent  by  Edward  L.  Rand  to  the 
Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  and  belongs  to  the 
Estate  of  the  late  Judge  Lathrop.  It  has  a  landscape 
background  and  shows  the  subject  with  right  hand 
resting  on  his  hip  and  left  hand  on  a  globe. 

A  crayon  bust  portrait  of  a  man,  evidently  an 
actor,  is  a  fine  example  of  Copley's  work  of  this 
character.  It  is  owned  by  Miss  H.  Elizabeth  Snow 
and  lent  to  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 

Mr.  Roland  Ellis  of  Boston,  has  a  picture  forty 
inches  long  by  thirty-six  inches  wide,  representing 
two  children,  one  standing  holding  fruit,  the  other 
seated.  There  is  a  small  spaniel  on  the  floor  between 
them.  The  tradition  is  that  it  was  painted  by  Cop- 
ley, and  it  has  many  of  the  characteristics  of  some  of  his 
earliest  works,  especially  in  the  coloring,  the  dog, 
the  fruit  and  the  jewels  on  the  boy's  dress.  The 
picture  came  from  the  Clarke  mansion,  afterwards 
the  residence  of  Sir  Henry  Frankland,  and  by  his 
executors  sold  to  the  father  of  Mr.  Ellis.  There  is 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  271 

some  evidence  to  show  that  these  children  might 
have  been  grandchildren  of  Mr.  Clarke,  and  were 
named  Greenough.  It  is  quite  possible  that  Copley 
painted  the  picture. 

A  portrait  of  a  lady  by  Copley  is  said  to  be  in  the 
possession  of  the  Blair  family  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

According  to  "Tuckerman,"  Thomas  W.  Ludlow 
of  New  York  owned  portraits  of  his  grandparents, 
and  there  was  also  a  portrait  by  Copley  in  the 
possession  of  Mr.  Dudley  Hall  of  Medford,  Mass. 

According  to  Tuckerman's  Book  of  the  Artists 
published  in  1870  there  was  at  that  time  a  portrait 
by  Copley  belonging  to  William  Thomas,  Esq.  of 
Baltimore,  and  a  gentleman's  portrait  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Mrs.  A.  Woodruff  of  Perth  Amboy,  N.  J. 
Portraits  of  Governor  and  Mrs.  Shirley  belonged  to 
Mrs.  E.  S.  Erving  of  New  York. 

A  fine  miniature  portrait  by  Copley  of  a  man  is  in 
the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  the  gift  of  Mrs. 
R.  M.  Staigg. 

A  portrait  of  a  man  was  exhibited  at  the  Royal 
Academy  belonging  to  Sir  E.  J.  Poynter,  P.R.A. 

"A    Family   Group"    measuring    twenty-four   by 


272  JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY 

thirty-six  was  exhibited  at  Birmingham,  England, 
belonging  to  G.  T.  Taylor. 

There  was  shown  a  group  of  portraits  in  mono- 
chrome measuring  twenty-four  by  thirty-six  and 
one-half  inches  at  the  Grosvenor  Gallery  in  1888, 
belonging  to  Mr.  John  Cleland. 

A  sketch  of  a  young  woman,  full  length,  stooping 
with  outstretched  hands,  evidently  for  one  of  Cop- 
ley's historical  compositions,  is  owned  by  Mrs.  W. 
Austin  Wadsworth  of  Boston. 

WARREN  HASTINGS 

The  portrait  of  Hastings,  Governor-General  of  India 
and  also  of  Bengal,  was  sold  at  Christies,  London, 
May  14,  1858,  from  the  collection  of  Sir  Joseph  Haw- 
ley.  It  is  a  small  whole  length  portrait.  Hastings 
was  born  1732  and  died  1818. 


JOHN  SINGLETON  COPLEY  273 

NOTES 

The  Department  of  Prints  and  Drawings  at  the 
British  Museum  has  an  early  sketch  book  containing 
several  studies  signed  and  dated  1756  done  with 
great  care  and  from  an  anatomical  standpoint. 


It  is  possible  that  Dunlap  mistook  a  portrait  that 
Copley  made  of  himself  for  purposes  of  having  it 
engraved,  for  one  of  his  son.  This  portrait  was  des- 
troyed in  the  Boston  fire  of  1872  with  many  sketches 
and  letters  of  the  artist. 


The  historical  picture  of  the  Surrender  of  the 
Dutch  Admiral  De  Winter  was  first  exhibited  at  the 
"Pavilion"  in  London  at  the  time  subscriptions  were 
received  for  the  engraving  by  Anker  Smith.  The 
portrait  group  includes  Admiral  Duncan,  Admiral  De 
Winter,  Captain  Sir  William  Fairfax,  Captain  Cle- 
land,  Mr.  Porteons  the  pilot,  Mr.  Burnet  secretary 
to  Lord  Duncan,  Lieutenant  Little,  Captain  Trol- 
lope,  Captain  Oswald,  and  others. 


The  author  has  omitted  several  pictures  mentioned 
by  Mr.  Perkins  and  a  number  described  in  a  former 
edition  by  himself.  Careful  investigation  has  demon- 
strated that  the  pictures  are  of  doubtful  authenticity, 
or  by  some  other  artist  than  Copley. 


Picture  Index 


PAGE 

Abercromby,  Sir  Robert 37 

Abbot,  Charles   82 

Abraham  Offering  Isaac 32, 38 

Adams,  Abigail 230 

Adams,  John 32, 38, 38 

Adams,  Mrs.  John   39 

Adams,  John  Quincy 39 

Adams,  Samuel     39 

Addington,  Henry 32, 224 

Ainslie,  Thomas   7, 40 

Allen,  Elizabeth    234 

Allen,  Mrs.  Ethan    41 

Allen,  James    41 

Allen,  Nathaniel 42 

Allen,  Mrs.  Nathaniel   42 

Allyne,  Mary 189 

Amherst,  Baron    268 

Amory,  John,  Sr 42 

Amory,  Mrs.  John   43 

Amory,  Katherine  Greene     ...     43 

Amory,  Thomas   44, 44 

Andrews,  John    44 

Appleton,  Rev.  Nathaniel  ....     45 
Appleton,  Mrs.  Nathaniel  ....     45 

Apthorp,  Captain 45 

Apthorp,  Rev.  East    46 

Apthorp,  Mrs.  John 46 

Arrest  of  a  Conspirator,  The  . .   179 

Ascension  of  Christ 46 

Atkinson,  Judge  Theodore  ....     47 

Atkinson,  Mrs.  Theodore 47 

Aurora     47 

Austin,  Mary  Smith     47 

Babcock,  Adam 48 

Babcock,  Mrs.  Adam 48 

Bacon,  Mrs 50 

Bacon,  Mrs.  John 49 

Balston,  Mrs.  Eunice 50 

Barber,  Wilkes    50 

Barnard,  Rev.  Edward    51 

Barron,  Mary   67 

Barrell,  Mr 27 

Barrell,  Colburn 54 

Barrell,  Joseph    52 


PAGE 

Barrell,  Mrs.  Joseph 52, 53 

Barrell,  Mrs.  Anna  Pierce  ....     52 
Barrell,  Mrs.  Hannah  Pitch ...     53 

Barrett,  Anna 143 

Barrett,  John 54 

Barrett,  Mrs.  John 55 

Barrett,  Judge  Samuel 56 

Barrett,  Mrs.  Samuel 56 

Barrington,  Admiral 34, 57 

Barrow,  Mr 22 

Battle  of  the  Pyrenees 57 

Battle  of  Trafalgar 57 

Bayard,  Major    24 

Beale,  Benjamin 57 

Beale,  Mrs.  Benjamin   58 

Beale,  son  of  Benjamin 58 

Beaumont,  Sir  George 58 

Bee,  Rebecca 144 

Belcher     59 

Berry,  Sir  Edward   59 

Besborough,  Lord 59, 199 

Black,  Mrs 59 

Blackburn    6 

Blake,  Joseph    60 

Blaney,  Mrs 60 

Borland,  Phoebe     232 

Bourne,  Mrs.  Sylvanus   60 

Bours,  John     61 

Bowditch,  Nathaniel   12 

Bowdoin,  Elizabeth   238 

Bowdoin,  James   62 

Bowen,  Jabez    61 

Bowen,  Mrs.  Jabez 62 

Bowers,  Mrs.  Mary   63 

Bowler,  Bathsheba     94 

Bowler,  Judge  Metcalf 64 

Bowler,  Mrs.  Metcalf 64 

Boy  with  the  Squirrel 6, 7, 35 

Boylston,  Lucy 210 

Boylston,  Nicholas     64 

Boylston,  Rebecca   116 

Boylston,  Thomas    65 

Boylston,  Mrs.  Thomas 65 

Braeme,  Elizabeth   78 

Bransden,  Mr 35 


276 


PICTURE  INDEX 


PAGE 

Brattle,  General  William 65 

British  Institute 33 

Brocklesby,  Richard 66 

Bromfield,  Abigail 209 

Bromfield,  Thomas 23 

Brown,  John   66 

Brown,  Mrs.  Mary  Barren  ...     67 

Brown,  Sarah 62 

Brown,  Captain  Stephen 67 

Browne,  Rev.  Arthur 68 

Browne,  Mrs.  Arthur 69 

Browne,  Hon.  Mrs.  Arthur  ...     69 

Browne,  Eunice 60, 105 

Bruce,  Captain     8 

Bruce,  Captain,  R.  G 70 

Burguyn,  John    70 

Bullfinch,  Judith 235 

Burnham,  Abigail 120 

Burr,  Colonel  Thaddeus    71 

Burr,  Mrs.  Thaddeus 71 

Byles,  Mather,  Dr 17, 71 

Byles,  Mather,  Jr 72 

Cabot,  George 72 

Cadwallader,  Frances 100 

Calif,  Mrs.  Joseph    73 

Campbell,  Lord 266 

Camperdown,  Lord    73 

Carleton,  Guy     179 

Carr,  Mrs 74 

Carson,  Mrs.  William    74 

Cary,  Samuel 74 

Gary,  Mrs.  Samuel 74 

Cary,  Rev.  Thomas 75 

Catten,  Miss 75 

Cawthorne,  Mr 33,  75 

Chardon,  Peter 75 

Charles  I.,  King  of  England 

16, 35, 76 

Charnock,  Mary     134 

Chatham,  Death  of  ...  16, 17, 34, 76 

Children  of  George  III 31, 35 

Clark,  Mrs.  Miriam  Kilby 77 

Clarke,  Elizabeth 128, 175 

Clarke,  Dr.  John 77 

Clarke,  Mrs.  John    78 

Clarke,  Mary 56 

Clarke,  Richard 10, 11,  78 

Clarke,  Sarah    233 

Clarke,  Susannah 10 

Clarke,  William 78 

Cleland,  William 79 


PACK 

Codman,  John 79 

Codman,  Rev.  John 33, 80 

Codman,  Richard     80 

Coffin,  Mrs 81 

Coffin,  Thomas  Aston   81 

Coggeshall,  Mary 87 

Coit,  Martha 132 

Colchester,  Lord     82 

Conversation,  A   31, 82 

Cooke,  Rebecca 171 

Cooper,  Miss     84, 143 

Cooper,  D.D.,  Myles 82 

Cooper,  Rev.  Samuel     83 

Copeland,  Ann    58 

Copley,  Miss 35, 267 

Copley,  John  Singleton ...  .6, 35, 84 

Copley,  Mrs.  J.  S 17, 85, 234 

Copley,  Richard 5 

Copley,  Susannah 85 

Cornwallis,  Marquis 85 

Cotton,  Madam   86 

Cranston,  Rhoda    87 

Cranston,  Thomas   86 

Cranston,  Mrs.  Thomas    87 

Crawford,  Candace 87 

Crommelin,  Mary 246 

Cummings,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  ...     49 
Cupid  and  Venus   88 

Dalton,  Mrs.  Peter  Roe 88 

Dana,  Rev.  Edmund 89 

Dana,  Richard    89 

Danforth,  Judge 90 

Davis,  Mrs.  Anstice     90 

Dawes,  Mrs.  Mehitable 91 

Dawes,  Judge  Thomas 91 

Deas,  Mrs.  and  Children 92 

Death  of  Major  Pierson    .  10, 16, 35 

DeBlois,  Gilbert 93 

De  La  Motte,  Major-General  34, 94 

De  Lancey,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  ...  94 

Delisle,  Mrs.  Lanfrey 94 

De  Mountfort,  Dr 95 

Dennie,  Miss  Eunice   71 

Derby,  Mrs.  Richard     95 

Devereux,  Mrs 95 

Dorchester,  Lord    179 

Douglas,  John     96 

Dowse,  Relief   117 

Duane,  Mrs.  James    97 

Duane,  Judge   96 

Duchenhausen,  Colonel     ....34,97 


PICTURE  INDEX 


'277 


PAGE 

Duckett,  Sir  George 97 

Dudley,  Lady   97 

Dudley,  Lady  and  Ward 32 

Dudley,  Viscount 97 

Dudley,  Viscount  and  Ward  .32,33 

Dumaresq,  James     98 

Dumaresq,  Rebecca 98 

Dummer,  Anna 199 

Duncan,  Viscount 32, 34, 73, 99 

Dundas,  Robert   99 

Dunkirk,  Taking  of   237 

Edwards,  Mary 236 

Eliot,  Josiah    99 

Eliott,  George  Augustus   140 

Ellery,  Mrs.  Nathaniel    99 

Erskine,  Mrs.  David   100 

Erving,  James     100 

Erving,  Hon.  John 101 

Evans,  Captain  John     101 

Everett,  Dr.  Moses    267 

Family  Picture   10, 35, 79, 101 

Fauconberg,  Lord 103 

Fayerweather,  Hannah 259 

Fayerweather,  Dr.  Samuel    . . .  103 

Fenno,  Mr.    . . 27 

Fitch,  Colonel,  and  Sisters   .32, 104 

Fitch,  Hannah 52 

Fitch,  Timothy     104 

Fitch,  Mrs.  Timothy 105 

Fleet,  Thomas 105 

Flucker,  James   106 

Flucker,  Thomas 27, 106 

Folger,  Timothy 107 

Fort,  Mrs.  Seymour     108 

Forbes,  Mrs.  Dorothy 107 

Foster,  Eleanor     108 

Foster,  Captain  Isaac    108 

Foster,  Mrs.  Isaac   109 

Foster,  Dr.  Isaac,  Jr 109 

Foster,  Dr.  William 109 

Fowle,  Colonel 109 

Francis,  Anne   267 

Franklin,  Governor      109 

Frothingham,  Esther 196 

Gage,  Mrs.  Thomas 21, 24,  111 

Gage,  General  Thomas    110 

Gallatea 110 

Gambier,  Admiral 267 

Gardener,  The  Little 112 

Gardiner,  Anne     69 


PAGE 

Gardiner,  John   Ill 

Gardiner,  Dr.  Sylvester 112 

Gardiner,  Mrs.  Sylvester 113 

George  III 16,113 

George  III.  and  his  Queen  ....  113 

George  IV 114 

Gerrish,  Benjamin   114 

Gerrish,  Joseph     115 

Gerrish,  Sarah 55 

Gibbons,  Ann    113 

Gibbs,  Margaret     45 

Gibraltar,  Siege  of   16, 34, 36 

Gill,  Mrs.  Michael   117 

Gill,  Governor  Moses 115 

Gill,  Mrs.  Moses     116 

GUI,  Mrs.  Sarah  Prince 118 

Glover,  Colonel  Jonathan  ....  120 

Glover,  Mrs.  Jonathan    120 

Goldthwait,  Miss   49 

Goldthwait,  Mr 27 

Goldthwait,  Ezekiel 120 

Goldthwait,  Mrs.  Ezekiel   121 

Goldthwait,  Major  Joseph    . . .  121 

Goldthwait,  Major  Thomas   . .  112 

Gorham,  Elizabeth 209 

Gorham,  Mercy    60 

Gore,  Catherine 239 

Gore  Children 121 

Grafton,  Joshua    122 

Graham,  J.  A 32,122 

Graham,  Sir  Robert     122 

Granger,  Mrs.  Gideon 123 

Grant,  Janet   201 

Graves,  Katherine    212 

Gray,  Mrs 123, 190 

Gray,  Elizabeth    190 

Gray,  Harrison 123 

Gray,  John 123 

Gray,  Mrs.  John 190 

Greaton,  General    124 

Green,  Jonathan     27 

Green,  Joseph 124 

Green,  Councillor  Joseph    ....  124 

Green,  Mrs.  Joseph    125 

Greene,  Benjamin 126 

Greene,  Catherine 130 

Greene,  Lieutenant  Francis      .  127 

Greene,  Gardiner   127, 128 

Greene,  Mrs.  Gardiner 128 

Greene,  John     129 

Greene,  Mrs.  John 129 

Greene,  Joseph  130 


278 


PICTURE  INDEX 


PAGE 

Greene,  Mrs.  Joseph    130 

Greene,  Rufus    131 

Greene,  Mrs.  Rufus     131 

Greene,  Thomas 131 

Greene,  Mrs.  Thomas    132 

Greene,  Thomas  and  Wife    ...  133 

Greenleaf,  Rev.  Daniel    133 

Greenleaf ,  Hannah     46 

Greenwood,  Mrs.  Samuel    ....  134 

Gretton,  William    134 

Griggs,  Susanna   88 

Hagar  and  Ishmael 32, 135 

Haldimand,  General  Frederick  135 

Hall,  Miss    136 

Hall,  Hugh 135 

Hallowell,  Benjamin 136 

Hancock,  John    27, 136 

Hancock,  Mrs.  John 220 

Hancock,  Thomas 138 

Hancock,  Mrs.  Lydia 139 

Harris,  Mary 147 

Hastings,  Warren 272 

Hay,  Mrs.  John    139 

Hayley,  William 140 

Heathfield,  Lord     34,140 

Heber,  Richard     140 

Henchman,  Daniel 141 

Henshaw,  Joseph    141 

Henshaw,  Mrs.  Joseph 142 

Henshaw,  Joshua   141 

Henshaw,  Sarah   142 

Hill,  Miss 268 

Hill,  Mr.  and  Mrs 143 

Hill,  Hannah     204 

Hill,  Henry    142 

Hill,  Mrs.  Henry 143 

Hixon,  Joseph  Sayer    143 

Hixon,  Mrs.  Joseph  Sayer  ....  143 

Hollis,  Thomas 144 

Holmes,  Mrs.  Isaac    144 

Holmes,  John  B 145 

Holmes,  William 145 

Holy  Family   145 

Holyoke,  Edward 145 

Hooper,  Miss    126 

Hooper,  Alice    146 

Hooper,  Joseph     146 

Hooper,  Mrs.  Joseph 147 

Hooper,  Robert 147 

Hooper,  Mrs.  Robert     148 

Hooper,  Robert,  Jr 148 


PAGE 

Hooper,  Mrs.  Stephen 148 

Howard,  Judge  Martin   149 

Howe,  Lord 34, 149 

Howe,  Richard,  Earl 149 

Hubbard,  Daniel 150 

Hubbard,  Mrs.  Daniel 150 

Hubbard,  Thankful   150 

Hubbard,  Thomas    151 

Hugo,  Colonel 34, 151 

Hull,  General  William 13 

Hunter,  Miss  Eliza 151 

Kurd,  Nathaniel     151 

Hust,  Mr *22 

Hutchinson,  Thomas 152 

Hutchinson,  Mrs.  Thomas    . . .  154 

Hyatt,  General 154 

Inches,  Mrs.  Henderson    154 

Ingersoll,  Jared     155 

Inman,  Mrs.  Ralph 155 

Izard,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ralph  ...  156 

S  ackson,  Jonathan   156 

ackson,  Mrs.  Jonathan    158 

ackson,  Joseph    158 

Jackson,  Rev.  Joseph 158 

Jaffrey,  George 159 

Jaffrey,  Mrs.  George    159 

Jenkins,  Mrs.  Louis 126 

Jerome,  St 235 

Jephson,  Mrs 159 

Johnston,  Miss   21 

Johnstone,  Benjamin 160 

Jones,  William 160 

Joy,  Benjamin 13 

Kemble,  Captain    19,  21 

Kemp,  Mr 22 

Kent,  Mrs.  Ebenezer,  Jr 47 

Kilby,  Miriam 77 

Knatchbull,  Sir  Edw.  's  Family .  160 

Langdon,  Judge  Woodbury  ...  161 

Langdon,  Mrs.  Woodbury  ....  162 

Laurens,  Henry 162 

Lee,  Colonel  Jeremiah 163 

Lee,  Mrs  Jeremiah    164 

Leigh,  Judge  Peter     163 

Lemmon,  Dr.  Joseph 163 

Leonard,  Daniel   165 

Lewis,  Thomas   165 

Liotard,  Jean  Etienne   165 

Littleton,  Lord  and  Family    . .  166 


PICTURE  INDEX 


279 


PAGE 

Livermore,  Mrs.  Judge   166 

Livingston,  Mrs.  John     167 

Lloyd,  Mrs 167 

Loring,  Mr 27 

Loring,  Hannah    167 

Lovers,  The     168 

Lowell,  Judge  John    168 

Lyde,  Captain 168 

Lynde,  Lydia 249 

Lyndhurst,  Baron 14, 169 

MacDonald,  Flora   173 

Mackintosh,  Mr .  211 

Mackintosh,  Mrs 211 

MacPheadris,  Mrs.  Archibald  .   173 

MacPheadris,  Mary     249 

Mallet,  J 22 

Mann,  Thomas  170 

Mann,  Mrs.  Thomas   170 

Mansfield,  Lord    31, 35, 171 

Marchant,  Judge  Henry   171 

Marchant,  Mrs.  Henry   171 

Marsh,  Lord    57 

Marshall,  Colonel  Thomas   ...   172 

Marshall,  Mrs.  Thomas 172 

Marston,  Judge  Nymphus    . .  .    174 
Mars,  Venus  and  Vulcan  ...  6, 172 

Martin,  Mrs 27 

Marryat,  Mrs 174 

Mason,  Jonathan,  Jr 13, 15 

Maturin,  Captain     22 

May,  Colonel  Joseph 175 

May,  Mehitable    91 

Mayhew,  Rev.  Jonathan 175 

Mayhew,  Mrs.  Jonathan 175 

McEvers,  Mrs 22, 25 

McEvers,  Gulian    246 

McWhorter,  Alexander   49, 176 

McWhorter,  Mrs.  Alexander  49, 176 

Merchant,  William 176 

Mifflin,  Thomas,  and  Wife 177 

Miller,  William  Shearer 177 

Moffat,  Catherine 265 

Monmouth  before  James  II.  .34, 178 
Montague,   Mrs.,  and  Robert 

Copley  33,179 

Montague,  Mrs.  Mary  Elizabethl78 

Montesque,  Mrs.  Monte  179 

Montgomery,  Major    31, 179 

Montressor,  Captain    22 

Montressor,  Mrs 22 

Moore,  Sir  John    180 


PAGE 

Morris,  Mrs 22 

Mortier,  Mrs 22 

Mountfort,  Sir  Jonathan 180 

Murray,  Mrs 128 

Murray,  Elizabeth 155 

Murray,  Hon.  James 181 

Murray,  Colonel  John 181 

Murray,  Mrs.  John 182 

Murray,  Rev.  John 183 

Murray,  Mrs.  John    183 

Murray,  William 171 

Nativity,  The   10, 31, 34, 183 

Negro,  Head  of 34, 184 

Nelson,  Lord  184 

Neptune     184 

Newton,  John 185 

North,  Lord 185 

North,  Lady    185 

Northampton,  Earl  of 32 

Northampton,  Lord,  and  Son  .   186 
Nun  with  Candle    186 

Offer  of  Crown  to  Jane  Grey 

33, 35,  186 

Ogilvie,  Rev.  Mr 21, 187 

Oliver 189 

Oliver,  Lieut.-Gov.  Andrew  .  .  .  187 

Oliver,  Andrew,  Jr 187 

Oliver,  Daniel 188 

Oliver,  Elizabeth 256 

Oliver,  Griselda 248 

Oliver,  Chief-Justice  Peter   ...  188 

Orange,  Prince  of 57 

Osborne,  Catharine    216 

Osborne,  Mary    256 

Osborne,  Sarah 257 

Otis,  Harrison  Gray     13, 15 

Otis,  Colonel  James 189 

Otis,  Mrs.  James 189 

Otis,  Mary 190 

Otis,  Mercy 251 

Otis,  Mrs.  Samuel  Allyne   190 

Parsons,  Rev.  Jonathan 191 

Paxtell,  Mrs.  William 191 

Peale,  Charles  Wilson    7 

Pelham,  Charles 5, 192 

Pelham  Children 193 

Pelham,  Henry ...  12, 23, 24,  25, 192 

Pelham,  Peter 5, 193 

Pelham,  William 5 

Pepperell,  Mr 27 


28o 


PICTURE  INDEX 


PAGE 

Pepperell,  Lady 194 

Pepperell,  Elizabeth 231 

Pepperell  Family    194 

Pepperell,  Sir  William 194, 195 

Pepperell,  William  and  Sister  .  195 

Perkins,  Mrs.  Edmund    196 

Phillips,  Mary  Winthrpp 196 

Pickman,  Colonel  Benjamin     .  197 

Pickman,  Mrs.  Benjamin    ....  197 

Picton,  Sir  Thomas    198 

Pierce,  Anna   52 

Pierpont     198 

Pierson,  Major    191 

Pierson,  Death  of  Major     ....  92 

Pitt,  William     199 

Ponsonby,  William 199 

Powell,  John   201 

Powell,  Mrs.  John    201 

Powell,  Mrs.  John    199 

Princesses,  Three    202 

Quincy,  Dorothy 220 

Quincy,  Josiah 202 

Quincy,  Samuel 204 

Quincy,  Mrs.  Samuel     204 

Randolph,  Susanne 205 

Rea,  Mrs.  Daniel  and  Daughter  205 

Red  Cross  Knight 32, 35, 205 

Resurrection,  The 17, 33, 206 

Revere,  Paul 206 

Richards,  Captain    25 

Richards,  Charles  Lloyd 207 

Richards,  Mrs.  Eliza  Willing   .  207 

Richards,  John   207 

Richards,  Mary 243 

Richards,  R 32, 208 

Rodney,  Lord   208 

Rogers,  Mr 208 

Rogers,  Mrs.  Daniel 209 

Rogers,  John 210 

Rogers,  Mrs.  Timothy 210 

Ronchon,  Mary 225 

Ross,  Elizabeth 244 

Royal  Academy    33 

Royall,  Isaac     211 

Royall,  Mrs.  Isaac 211 

Royall,  Polly     211 

Russell,  Judge  Chambers    211 

Russell,  Mrs.  James     212 

Safford,  Margaret 154 

St.  Cecilia    33, 95, 234 


PAGE 

St.  Clair,  Sir  John    234 

St.  Jerome 35, 235 

Salisbury,  Elizabeth 56 

Salisbury,  Stephen 212 

Saltonstall,  Judge  Richard 212 

Samuel  and  Eli 35, 213 

Sargent,  Mr 27 

Sargent,  Ann     99 

Sargent,  Mrs.  Daniel *:  218 

Sargent,  Colonel  Epes,  Sr.    ...  214 

Sargent,  Mrs.  Epes,  Sr 215 

Sargent,  Epes,  Jr 215 

Sargent,  Mrs.  Epes,  Jr 216 

Sargent,  Judith     183 

Saul  reproved  by  Samuel    . .  .32, 35 

Savage,  Samuel  Phillips 218 

Savage,  Mrs.  Samuel 219 

Schleppengull,  Colonel    . . .  .34, 151 

Schilling,  G.  W 219 

Scollay,  John 219 

Scollay,  Mrs.  John 220 

Scott,  Dorothy  Quincy   220 

Scott,  Governor  George 221 

Scott,  Mrs.  George 222 

Scott,  James   222 

Scott,  Colonel  Olney   222 

Scott,  Mrs.  Olney 222 

Sears,  David   223 

Sewall,  Dr.  Joseph 223 

Sheafe,  Sir  Roger   223 

Sherbrook,  Mr 22 

Sherburne,  Mary    63 

Sherburne,  Mrs.  Samuel   250 

Sidmouth,  Lord 33, 224 

Siege  of  Gibraltar 225 

Sigourney,  Andrew 225 

Sigourney,  Mrs.  Andrew 226 

Singleton,  Mary   5 

Sitwell  Family 226 

Skinner,  Mrs 36, 226 

Small,  Captain  John    227 

Smelt,  Ann  Tyng   228 

Smith,  Mrs 228 

Smith,  Isaac    229 

Smith,  Mrs.  Isaac 228 

Smith,  Mrs.  W.  S 230 

Smith,  Rev.  William   229 

Smybert  6 

Society    of    Artists    of    Great 

Britain   7,33 

Sparhawk,  John   230 

Sparhawk,  Colonel  Nathaniel  .  230 


PICTURE  INDEX 


281 


PAGE 

Sparhawk,  Mrs.  Nathaniel 231 

Spencer,  Earl 32, 232 

Spooner,  Mrs.  George   232 

Spooner,  William    233 

Startin,  Mrs.  Charles 36, 233 

Stevens,  Mrs.  Robert 234 

Stevens,  Mrs.  William     234 

Stillman,  Rev.  Mr 235 

Stillman,  Mrs 235 

Storer,  Ebenezer     235 

Storer,  Elizabeth 228 

Storer,  Mary  235 

Storer,  Mrs.  Mary   236 

Surrender  of  DeWindt 236 

Surrender  of  Five  Members   . .  76 

Swan,  James   13 

Sweet,  Martha    164 

Tapestry  Design     237 

Taylor,  Jeremiah    237 

Temple,  Lady 238 

Temple,  Sir  John    238 

Thacher,  Oxenbridge 239 

Thacher,  Mrs.  Oxenbridge    . . .  239 

Todd,  Samuel    239 

Torrey,  Mrs.  Samuel 239 

Tracy,  Hannah 158 

Traille,  Captain  Peter 140 

Traille,  Robert    240 

Treadwell,  Madam 241 

Trumbull,  John 7 

Tufts,  Ruth     247 

Turner,  Eunice 50 

Turner,  Captain  William 241 

Turner,  Mary    218 

Turner,  Mrs.  William    242 

Tyler,  Mrs.  Andrew     243 

Tyler,  John  Tyng     243 

Tyler,  Sarah        218 

Tyng,  Eleazer 244 

Tyng,  Colonel  William    245 

Tyng,  Mrs.  William     244 

Unknown  Portraits 269 

Vans,  William 245 

Vans,  Mrs.  William    245 

Vawdrey,  Thomas  William     . .  245 

Venus  and  Cupid   10, 34 

Verplanck,  Daniel  C 246 

Verplanck,  Mrs.  Gulian 246 

Verplanck,  Samuel 247 

Vinal,  Mrs.  Judge 247 


PAGE 

Vose,  Mrs.  Elijah 247 

Wait,  Daniel 248 

Waldo,  Mrs.  Samuel    248 

Wales,  H.  R.  H.  The  Prince  of  33,35 

Walter,  Mrs.  William 249 

Warner,  Mrs.  Jonathan 249 

Warner,  Mary 250 

Warren,  General  James     250 

Warren,  Mrs.  James 251 

Warren,  General  Joseph    252 

Warren,  Mrs.  Joseph 253 

Warren,  Winslow   253 

Washington,  George 6 

Watson,  Brooke    253, 254 

Watson,  Elkanah   254 

Watson,  Colonel  George   255 

Watson,  Mrs.  George 256 

Watson  and  the  Shark 253 

Watts,  Mrs 27 

Watts,  Mary     256 

Watts,  Mrs.  Samuel 257 

Webb,  Joseph   257 

Wellington,  Duke  of 57 

Welsteed,  William    5, 6, 261 

Wentworth,  Frances  Deering  .  262 

Wentworth,  Hannah    47 

Wentworth,  Sir  John 261 

Wentworth,    Mr.    and   Mrs. 

Joshua    263 

Wentworth,  Sarah    173 

West,  Benjamin    7, 9, 10 

Western  Family    262 

Western,  Lord  and  Brother    . .  262 

Whipple,  Mrs.  Oliver 265 

Whipple,  Mrs.  William    265 

Whitworth,  Dr.  John 266 

Wibird,  Hon.  Richard 266 

Wignall,  Anstice  Elizabeth  ...  234 

Wilkes,  John 51 

Wilson,  R 32, 258 

Winslow,  Anna  Green    266 

Winslow,  Joshua 258 

Winslow,  Mrs.  Joshua 167 

Winthrop,  Prof.  John 258 

Winthrop,  Mrs.  John 259 

Winthrop,  Lucy    159 

Winthrop,  Samuel    260 

Woodbridge,  Sarah 148 

York,  Duke  of 98 

Youth  rescued  from  Shark 

17,  31,  34,  36 


Owners'  Index 


PAGE 

Abbott,  Mrs.  Gordon 104, 262 

Aberdare,  Lord 76, 93 

Adams,  Miss 121 

Adams,  Charles  P 230 

Allen,  Zachariah 88 

Alline,  Mrs.  Louisa 121 

Almon,  Dr.  Bruce 72 

Amory,  Copley    76,  102,  244 

Amory,  Frederic 102, 193, 247 

Amory,  Harcourt   84, 85 

Amory,  Ingersoll 44, 102, 155 

Andrews,  Rev.  George  B 45 

Appleton,  Marjorie,  Estate  of  66,  95 

Apthorp,  Miss  Ann    45 

Apthorp,  R.  E 46 

Armstrong,  D.  Maitland     92 

Bates,  Edward  C 96 

Barnard,  Mrs.  G.  M 168 

Barrell,  Henry  F 52 

Barrett,  Mrs.  Samuel  E 115 

Barrett,  Mrs.  Sarah,  Estate  of 

55,  56,  115,  143 

Baury,  Miss 135 

Beale,  The  Misses 58 

Beebe  Family    114 

Bigelow,  W.  Sturgis 220 

Black,  George  N 60, 89, 215 

Boston,  City  of    40,  137 

Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  79, 85, 
110, 124, 156, 227, 252,  253,  271 

Boston  Public  Library 76 

Bowdoin  College 106 

Bowen,  Henry 62 

Bowen,  Dr.  J.  T 113, 120 

Bowen,  Mrs.  S.,  Estate  of 221 

Bowler,  Mrs.  Robert   64 

Brandagee,  Mrs.  E.  D 205 

Brewster,  Mrs.  William 248 

Brook,  The    221 

Brooks,  Edward   76 

Brooks,  Peter  C 86 

Brown,  Mrs.  Atherton 158 

Brown,  Mrs.  Lathrop 147 

Buckingham  Palace 202 


PAGB 

Buffum,  Mrs.  David    109 

Bulfinch,  Mrs.  S.  G 90 

Burguyn,  Colonel  H.  R 70 

Burke,  Mrs.  Harold 167 

Burroughs,  Mrs.  Charles 69 

Cabot,  Mary  E 57 

Carter,  W.  Smith .  228, 229, 235, 236 

Gary,  Miss  E.  F 75 

Chapman,  Mrs.  H.  B 172 

Chapman,  Mary  G 133 

Clarke,  Thomas  B 136, 238 

Clements,  Mrs.  G.  H.  215, 216, 217 

Cobb,  Francis  S 140 

Cochran,  Alexander  Smith   . . .   163 

Codman,  Bishop     80 

Codman,  Charles  R 212 

Codman,  James  M 100, 265 

Codman,  Miss  Martha    43 

Codman,  Miss  M.  C 79 

Codman,  Miss  M.  P 44 

Codman,  Richard     81 

Colt,  Miss  Fannie  E 49 

Columbia  University 186 

Coolidge,  Mrs.  T.  J.,  Jr 154 

Crane,  Mrs.  George  F 187, 188 

Crocker,  Miss  Sarah 120 

Currier,  Miss  Sarah 126 

Cunningham,  Miss  Hester    ...     74 

Curtis,  Charles  P 192 

Curtis,  Henry  P 193 

Cutter,  Ralph 241 

Cutts,  Hampden 146,  232 

Dalton,  H.  R.,  Estate  of 212 

Dana,  Richard    90 

Danforth,  Miss  Mary    63 

Davis,  Alba 239,  267 

Davis,  Charles  H 60 

Dexter,  Miss 46 

Dexter,  Mrs.  F.  Gordon  47,  57,  76, 

84,  85,  88,  94,  97,  114,  122,  151,  154, 

186, 193, 225,  269 

Dexter,  Gordon 206 

Dorr,  George  B 39 


OWNERS'  INDEX 


283 


PAGE 

Duane,  Dr.  Alexander 97 

DuCane,  Lady    170, 267 

Eaton,  Miss  G.  G 236 

Eliot,  John  F 106 

Ellis,  Mrs 249 

Ellis,  Roland  270 

Erving,  Mrs.  E.  S 271 

Erving,  J.  Langdon    101, 222 

Essex  Institute   105 

Everett,  Sidney 143 

Farlean,  Mrs.  C.  D 95 

Fenno,  Edward  N 50 

Forbes,  Mr.  J.  M 130, 131 

Forbes,  Miss  Sarah 108 

Ford,  James  H 166 

French,  W.  M.  R.,  Estate  of  . .  177 

Fuller,  Lawrence  S 196 

Furness,  Nathaniel 152 

Gardiner,  Mrs.  C.  P 112 

Gardiner,  Robert  H 69,113 

Gay,  Dr.  F.  L 72 

Goddard,  George  A 43 

Goldsborough,  Colonel  F.  C.    .  267 
Greene,  Francis  Matthews   . . .   127 

Greene,  Henry  Copley 84 

Greene,  Mary  Amory 102 

Greenleaf ,  R.  C 134 

Greenwich  Hospital 59 

Greenwood,  Isaac,  Jr 134 

Greenwood,  John  D 134 

Guildhall,  London    86 

Hall,  Dudley  271 

Hammond,  Mrs.  G.  G 84 

Hanks,  Mrs.  Charles  S 160 

Harlow,  Miss  Mabel    228, 245 

Harriman,  Mrs.  E.  H 179, 250 

Harris,  Edward  D 104, 260 

Harvard  College  38,  40,  45,  65,  83, 

138, 144, 146, 151,  235,  260 

Haskins,  David  Greene  . . .  132, 133 

Hayden,  Mr 75 

Hayden,  H.  J 86 

Hayes,  John  L 172 

Hayward,  Sidney  W 141, 142 

Hazen,  J.  Douglas   182 

Heard,  Mrs.  John 228 

Heffinger,  Dr.  Arthur 240 

Hewlett,  J.  A 269 


PAGE 

Hidden,  W.  U 87 

Hixon,  Miss  Julia  P 143, 235 

Holland,  A.  N 91 

Holmes,  Oliver  W 83, 157 

Homans,  Mrs.  Robert 39 

Hooper,  Samuel    147 

Howe,  Henry  M 129 

Howe,  J.  Murray   181 

Hull,  Miss   99 

Hutchings,  William  V 199 

Inches,  Mrs.  John  Chester   . . .   154 

Jackson,  Mrs.  James   157, 158 

Jackson,  Susan  Cabot   157 

Jarvis,  Aemilius    166, 201 

Jeffries,  William  A 159 

Johnson,  Lewis 165 

Joy,  Mrs.  C.  H 54 

Kent,  Prentiss 48 

Kimball,  Mrs.  David  P 65 

King,  Mrs.  Robert 146 

Knapp,  Mrs.  H.  S 71 

Knight,  Mrs.  M 94 

Langarbach,  Mrs 98 

Langdon,  Wpodbury   161, 162 

Lathrop,  Judge,  Estate  of 270 

Lee,  Thomas  Amory    164 

Lee,  Mrs.  T.  J 257 

Lewis,  George  R 208 

Liechtenstein  Gallery 74 

Longfellow  House 195 

Loring,  F.  C 200 

Loring,  Mrs.  Henry 224 

Loring,  William  C 168 

Low,  Miss  Louisa     210 

Lyde,  Maria    168 

Marchant,  F.  E 171 

Marston,  George 174 

Mass.  Historical  Society  41,  44,  83, 

153,210,261 

Metcalf ,  John  G 170, 171 

Metropolitan  Art  Museum 

212, 229, 235 

Miller,  Charles  E 73 

Minot,  J.  Grafton 122 

Morse,  Miss  F.  R 240 

Moseley,  F.  S 257 

Munn,  Mr 107 


284 


OWNERS'  INDEX 


PAGE 

National  Museum 101 

National  Portrait  Gallery  ...  232 
Newbury  Historical  Society . .  183 
New  England  Genealogical  Soc  243 
New  Hampshire  State  llouse  .  262 
Newport  Historical  Society  . .  234 

Newton,  Mrs.  E.  A 185 

Newton,  Mrs.  J.  L 146 

N.  Y.  Historical  Society  84, 167, 191 
New  York  Public  Library .  148, 263 
Nightingale,  Louisa,  Estate  of 

117,210 

Old  Colony  Historical  Society . .   165 

Oliver,  Mrs.  F 188 

Otis,  Harrison  Gray  . .  123, 189, 190 
Otis,  Mrs.  Harrison  Gray  ....  59 

Paine,  R.  T.,  2d 202 

Parker,  Mrs.  C.  H 93 

Parker,  W.  Prentiss 220 

Parsons,  H.  E 191 

Peabody,  Miss 265 

Peck,  Mrs.  Philip 109 

Penhallow,  Mr 266 

Perm.  Historical  Society  . . .  177, 234 

Popham,  Louis   47 

Porter,  Mrs.  A.  S 269 

Pratt,  Mrs.  F.  A 175 

Pratt,  Mrs.  H.  E 145 

Pratt,  Robert  M 67, 68, 118 

Pray,  Mrs.  A.  A 66 

Prescott,  William  G 131 

Prouty,  Dwight  M 145 

Prouty,  Mrs.  Dwight  M 126 

Pulitzer,  Mr 254 

Putnam,  Mrs.  William  Allen  53,  145 

Reinhardt,  Henry 246 

Revere,  Mrs.  John 207 

R.  I.  School  of  Design  .  116, 117, 119 

Rindge,  F.  R.,  Estate  of 231 

Robins,  The  Misses   121 

Robins,  Edward  B 122 

Rogers,  The  Misses    123 

Rogers,  Miss  A.  P 200, 209 

Rogers,  Mrs.  N.  M 100 

Rogers,  Mrs.  R.  P 156 

Ross,  Mrs 226 

Russell,  Mrs.  Edward    234 

Saltonstall,  R.  M 213 

Sanborn,  Miss  N.  M 180 


PAGE 

Sargent,  Charles  S 42, 183 

Savage,  John  R 219 

Searing,  Mrs.  P.  J.  L 247 

Shaw,  Samuel  Savage    219 

Sherburne,  Miss  E 174, 249 

Simpson,  Miss 184, 232 

Sitwell,  Sir  George 226 

Sligo,  Marquis  of    70 

Smith,  F.  B 269 

Smith,  Mrs.  Mary  W 194 

Snow,  Miss  H.  Elizabeth  . .  125, 270 

Snow,  Mrs.  William  C 64 

Social  Law  Library 149 

Sohier,  W.  D 82 

Spooner,  Dr.  L.  H 233 

Stevenson,  R.  H 148 

Swett,  Colonel  Samuel 61 

Tappan,  Winthrop 238, 239 

Tasker,  Lyman  H 76 

Taylor,  Mrs.  Martin    83,  84 

Temple,  Edward 56 

Thayer,  Adele  G 123 

Theological  Library 69 

Thompson,  Mrs 255 

Thompson,  Mrs.  H.  C 205 

Thome,  Robert  H 180 

Tilton,  Mrs.  J.  W.    ...  137, 138, 139 

Todd,  Mrs 142 

Treadwell,  Miss  Grace 204 

Trinity  Church 187 

Trott,  Miss  E.  C 266 

Tudor,  Mrs 150 

Turner,  Samuel  F 242, 243 

Uniac,  Mrs.  F 109 

Updike,  D.  Berkeley    87 

Upham,  Mrs.  Charles    157 

Vans,  Miss 245 

Vaughan,  Mrs.  W.  M 136 

Verplanck,  Samuel 247 

Verplanck,  W.  E 246 

Vose,  R.  C.  and  N.  M.    ...130,268 

Wadsworth  Athenaeum 108 

Wadsworth,   Mrs.   W.  Austin 

99,233,272 

Wainwright,  Mrs 237 

Walcott,  Robert 249 

Ware,  Mrs.  John 183 

Warren,  Dr.  John  C 252 


OWNERS'  INDEX 


285 


PAGE 

Warren,  Pelham  W 190 

Warren,  Winslow   ...  .251, 253, 254 

Weld,  Fred  C 196 

Welles,  Miss  Jane 160 

Wentworth,  Susan   262 

Western,  Mrs.  D.  C 96 

Wetmore,  Senator 197, 198 

Wharton,  Miss  N.  C 81 

Wheeler,  Everett  P 194, 195 

Wheelwright,  Mrs.  Andrew  C.  . .  77 

White,  Frederick  J 178 

White,  George  R 268 


PAGE 

White,  J.  D.  W 266 

Whitwell,  F.  S 243 

Williams,  John  S 248 

Wilson,  Martha  D 207 

Winslow,  George  S 222, 223 

Winthrop,  Mrs.  R.  C 63 

Wood,  Mrs.  C.  H 139 

Woodruff,  Mrs.  A 271 

Worcester  Art  Museum 61 

Wyman,  Morrill,  Estate  of 207 

Yale  School  of  Fine  Arts  . .      .176 


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